Symbol
Th
Tb
Panggil Group
03
0
17
👆🏻
Panggil periode
76
2
7
👆🏻
Block
pemblokiran f
pemblokiran f
Family unsur
actinide
lanthanide
CAS Number
74403267440279
7429905
54386242
👆🏻
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
194.00194.00
11
276
👆🏻
Facts Interesting
- metal Thorium digunakake minangka pilihan sulih liwat Uranium kanggo bahan bakar nuklir.
- Thorium logam katon (putih, alus) iku kaya-kaya padha Lead logam.
- Ing kaping Terbium logam tumindak padha Calcium.
- metal Terbium rapet padha logam Lanthanum.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining
Found in Minerals, Ketemu karo Other Metals Bumi Langka, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
History
sing katutup
Jöns Jakob Berzelius
Carl Gustaf Mosander
Discovery
ing 1829
Wonten ing taun 1842
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
0.00 %0.00 %
0
0.11
👆🏻
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
0.00 %0.00 %
0
0.1
👆🏻
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.05 %0.00 %
0
22
👆🏻
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.66 %0.00 %
1E-37
8.1
👆🏻
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %0.00 %
0
1.1
👆🏻
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
0.00 %0.00 %
0
1.4
👆🏻
Ulah lan Wuku
- metal Thorium digunakake minangka agen allying kanggo Magnesium, Iku imparts kekuatan luwih lan resistance kanggo suhu.
- senyawa saka logam Thorium oxide digunakake minangka katalis industri.
- uyah Terbium digunakake ing piranti optik kaya piranti laser.
- alloy Terbium kang lengthens lan cendhak Magnetik kolom lan efek iki formulir speker.
Ulah Industrial
Industry Aerospace, Industry automobile, Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
-
Ulah liyane
wesi, Jewellery, patung, Statues
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
non Toxic
Low Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ora
Sang
0.00 Sang / mg dm-30.00 Sang / mg dm-3
0
1970
👆🏻
ing Bone
0.02 ppm0.00 ppm
0
170000
👆🏻
leleh Point
1,750.00 ° C1,356.00 ° C
-38.83
3410
👆🏻
Boiling Point
4,790.00 ° C3,123.00 ° C
0
5660
👆🏻
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
Silver
perak Putih
luster
-
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
3.001.50
0.2
8.5
👆🏻
Brinell atose
390.00 MPa677.00 MPa
0.14
3490
👆🏻
Vickers atose
295.00 MPa863.00 MPa
0
3920
👆🏻
Kacepetan swara
2,490.00 m / s2,620.00 m / s
818
16200
👆🏻
Properties Optical
bias Index
1.601.60
0.155
3.41
👆🏻
reflectivity
15.00 %35.00 %
5
97
👆🏻
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
-
-
β allotropes
-
-
γ allotropes
-
-
Formula Kimia
Th
Tb
isotop
Isotop dikenal
2826
0
38
👆🏻
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.301.20
0
2.6
👆🏻
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
1.301.20
0.22
2.56
👆🏻
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.111.10
0.86
1.9
👆🏻
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
1.301.20
0.62
2.48
👆🏻
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.301.20
0.659
2.7
👆🏻
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.702.20
1.46
3.3
👆🏻
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
587.00 kJ / mol603.40 kJ / mol
375.7
26130
👆🏻
Level Energy 2
1,110.00 kJ / mol1,174.80 kJ / mol
392.8
28750
👆🏻
Level Energy 3rd
1,978.00 kJ / mol2,417.00 kJ / mol
392.8
34230
👆🏻
Level Energy 4
2,780.00 kJ / mol4,203.00 kJ / mol
375.7
37066
👆🏻
Level Energy 5th
5,870.00 kJ / mol5,658.00 kJ / mol
392
97510
👆🏻
Level Energy 6th
5,870.00 kJ / mol5,658.00 kJ / mol
1007
105800
👆🏻
tingkat Energy 7
5,870.00 kJ / mol5,420.00 kJ / mol
1007
114300
👆🏻
Level Energy 8
5,870.00 kJ / mol5,650.00 kJ / mol
730
125300
👆🏻
Level Energy 9
5,870.00 kJ / mol5,650.00 kJ / mol
1007
134700
👆🏻
Level Energy 10th
5,870.00 kJ / mol5,650.00 kJ / mol
392
144300
👆🏻
Level Energy 11
5,870.00 kJ / mol5,650.00 kJ / mol
392
169988
👆🏻
Level Energy 12
5,870.00 kJ / mol5,650.00 kJ / mol
0
189368
👆🏻
Level Energy 13
5,870.00 kJ / mol5,650.00 kJ / mol
1007
76015
👆🏻
Level Energy 14
5,870.00 kJ / mol5,650.00 kJ / mol
380
86450
👆🏻
Level Energy 15
58,700.00 kJ / mol56,500.00 kJ / mol
33000
100700
👆🏻
Level Energy 16
58,700.00 kJ / mol56,500.00 kJ / mol
375.7
109480
👆🏻
Level Energy 17
587.40 kJ / mol565.80 kJ / mol
375.7
122200
👆🏻
Level Energy 18
5,870.00 kJ / mol5,658.00 kJ / mol
0
134810
👆🏻
Level Energy 19
587.00 kJ / mol565.00 kJ / mol
375.7
148700
👆🏻
Level Energy 20
587.00 kJ / mol565.00 kJ / mol
0
171200
👆🏻
Level Energy 21
587.00 kJ / mol565.80 kJ / mol
375.7
179100
👆🏻
Level Energy 22
587.00 kJ / mol565.00 kJ / mol
330
184900
👆🏻
Level Energy 23rd
587.00 kJ / mol565.80 kJ / mol
357.6
198800
👆🏻
Level Energy 24
587.00 kJ / mol565.80 kJ / mol
297.3
195200
👆🏻
Level Energy 25th
587.00 kJ / mol565.00 kJ / mol
0
121900
👆🏻
Level Energy 26th
587.40 kJ / mol565.80 kJ / mol
357.6
127700
👆🏻
Level Energy 27th
587.40 kJ / mol565.80 kJ / mol
0
133800
👆🏻
Level Energy 28th
587.40 kJ / mol565.80 kJ / mol
297.3
139800
👆🏻
Level Energy 29
587.00 kJ / mol565.80 kJ / mol
0
148100
👆🏻
Level Energy 30
587.40 kJ / mol565.00 kJ / mol
0
154500
👆🏻
padha karo elektrokimia
2.16 g / amp-day1.98 g / amp-day
0.16812
8.3209
👆🏻
Fungsi Work elektron
3.41 eV3.00 eV
2.14
6
👆🏻
Properties Kimia liyane
Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
Panggil atom
9065
3
117
👆🏻
Konfigurasi elektron
[Rn] 6D 2 7s 2
[Xe] 4F 9 6s 2
Struktur Crystal
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
atom
Jumlah proton
9065
3
117
👆🏻
Jumlah Neutron
14294
4
285
👆🏻
Jumlah Èlèktron
9065
3
117
👆🏻
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
179.80 pm177.00 pm
0
348
👆🏻
kovalen Radius
206.00 pm194.00 pm
0
260
👆🏻
Van der Waals Radius
237.00 pm221.00 pm
0
348
👆🏻
Bobot atom
232.04 Amu158.93 Amu
6.94
294
👆🏻
Volume atom
19.90 cm3 / mol19.20 cm3 / mol
1.39
71.07
👆🏻
Nomer atom jejer
unsur Previous
Sabanjure unsur
Potensi Valence Electron
59.30 (-eV)46.80 (-eV)
0
392.42
👆🏻
Constant pola
508.42 pm360.10 pm
0
891.25
👆🏻
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
1.101.58
0.423
1.9
👆🏻
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
11.72 g / cm 38.23 g / cm 3
0.534
40.7
👆🏻
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
11.72 g / cm37.65 g / cm3
0.512
41
👆🏻
Strength tensile
75.00 MPa60.00 MPa
0.1
11000
👆🏻
viskositas
0.000.00
1.5E-05
0.0035
👆🏻
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
0
121
👆🏻
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)12.50 (Pa)
0
774
👆🏻
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
31.00 GPA22.10 GPA
1.3
222
👆🏻
pengaturan akeh
54.00 GPA38.70 GPA
0
462
👆🏻
Young kang pengaturan
79.00 GPA55.70 GPA
0
528
👆🏻
Poisson rasio
0.270.26
0.032
0.47
👆🏻
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile
ductile, malleable
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
11.708.23
0.53
4500
👆🏻
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
paramagnetic
permeabilitas
0.00 H / m0.00 H / m
1.25643E-06
0.0063
👆🏻
kelemahan
0.000.00
-0.000166
200000
👆🏻
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
superconductor
Arman
resistivity
157.00 nΩ · m1.15 nΩ · m
0.1
961
👆🏻
konduktivitas listrik
0.07 10 6 / cm Ω0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
0
0.63
👆🏻
elektron Affinity
0.00 kJ / mol50.00 kJ / mol
0
222.8
👆🏻
Kalor tartamtu
0.12 J / (kg K)0.18 J / (kg K)
0.1
3.6
👆🏻
Graham Kapasitas kalor
26.23 J / mol · K28.91 J / mol · K
13.1
62.7
👆🏻
doyo termal
54.00 W / m · K11.10 W / m · K
0
429
👆🏻
suhu kritis
2,023.00 K1,629.00 K
26.3
3695
👆🏻
Expansion termal
11.00 μm / (m · K)10.30 μm / (m · K)
4.5
97
👆🏻
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
429.00 kJ / mol330.90 kJ / mol
7.32
799.1
👆🏻
Enthalpy saka Fusion
15.48 kJ / mol10.80 kJ / mol
2.1
35.23
👆🏻
Enthalpy saka atomization
468.60 kJ / mol314.00 kJ / mol
61.5
837
👆🏻
Standard molar Entropy
27.30 J / mol.K73.20 J / mol.K
9.5
198.1
👆🏻