mbandhingaké Tin lan Gadolinium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Sn
Gd
Panggil Group
14
4
0
18
Panggil periode
5
6
Block
p pemblokiran
pemblokiran f
Family unsur
Transisi Post-
lanthanide
CAS Number
7440315
99+
7440542
33
Jeneng papan Group
I41 / AMD
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
141.00
7
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- Ing dhaptar paling unsur KALUBÈRAN timah ditingkat 49.
- metal Tin ora nanggepi karo banyu uga ora corrode ing.
- Gadolinium ora ketemu gratis ing alam, Empu iku ora logam native.
- metal Gadolinium ditemokaké ing mineral Monazite lan bastnaesite.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
sing katutup
Unknown
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
Discovery
Sadurunge 3500 BC
ing taun 1880
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
4 * 10-7 %
20
2 * 10-7 %
22
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000009 %
19
~0.0000002 %
25
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
24
0.00 %
34
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
34
0.00 %
30
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
26
0.00 %
38
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
0.00 %
13
ora Sumadhiya
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- alloy Tin-niobium digunakake kanggo prodhuksi superconducting wesi sembrani.
- uyah Tin dikenal minangka klorida timah II, kang digunakake minangka mordant lan reduktor kanggo dyeing calico lan sutra.
- wesi uga digunakake ing nggawe Magnets, komponen elektronik lan piranti panyimpenan data.
- Senyawa saka logam Gadolinium digunakake ing magnetik résonansi (MRI).
Ulah Industrial
Industry automobile, Industri Kimia, Industri Pangan
Industry Aerospace, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
Dentistry
NA
Ulah liyane
NA
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
non Toxic
non Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ora
Sang
0.38 Sang / mg dm-3
10
ora Sumadhiya
ing Bone
1.40 ppm
16
ora Sumadhiya
fisik Properties
leleh Point
231.90 ° C
99+
1,311.00 ° C
35
Boiling Point
2,270.00 ° C
99+
3,233.00 ° C
25
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
perak Putih
luster
NA
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
1.50
18
ora Sumadhiya
Brinell atose
50.00 MPa
99+
ora Sumadhiya
Vickers atose
ora Sumadhiya
510.00 MPa
22
Kacepetan swara
2,730.00 m / s
32
2,680.00 m / s
34
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ya
Ora
α allotropes
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
Putih Tin (Beta Tin)
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Sn
Gd
isotop
Isotop dikenal
35
4
26
13
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.96
8
1.20
39
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
1.49
15
ora Sumadhiya
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.72
4
1.11
29
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
2.21
3
ora Sumadhiya
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.82
11
ora Sumadhiya
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.04
99+
2.80
15
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
708.60 kJ / mol
33
593.40 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,411.80 kJ / mol
99+
1,170.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
2,943.00 kJ / mol
30
1,990.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
3,930.30 kJ / mol
99+
4,250.00 kJ / mol
30
Level Energy 5th
7,456.00 kJ / mol
13
ora Sumadhiya
padha karo elektrokimia
1.11 g / amp-day
99+
1.96 g / amp-day
32
Fungsi Work elektron
4.42 eV
16
3.10 eV
35
Properties Kimia liyane
ionisasi, kelarutan
Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
atom Properties
Panggil atom
50
99+
64
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Kr] 4d 10 5S 2 5p 2
[Xe] 4F 7 5d 1 6s 2
Struktur Crystal
Tetragonal (TETR)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Gadolinium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
50
99+
64
99+
Jumlah Neutron
69
99+
93
37
Jumlah Èlèktron
50
99+
64
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
140.00 pm
38
180.00 pm
14
kovalen Radius
139.00 pm
99+
196.00 pm
14
Van der Waals Radius
217.00 pm
23
237.00 pm
15
Bobot atom
118.71 Amu
99+
47.87 Amu
99+
Volume atom
16.30 cm3 / mol
32
19.90 cm3 / mol
20
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
83.50 (-eV)
14
46.10 (-eV)
34
Constant pola
583.18 pm
7
363.60 pm
32
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya
1.59
9
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
7.37 g / cm 3
99+
7.90 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
6.99 g / cm3
34
7.40 g / cm3
31
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
17
0.00 (Pa)
30
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
ora Sumadhiya
7.39 (Pa)
9
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
18.00 GPA
36
21.80 GPA
33
pengaturan akeh
58.00 GPA
20
37.90 GPA
34
Young kang pengaturan
50.00 GPA
36
54.80 GPA
35
Poisson rasio
0.36
8
0.26
23
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
7.31
99+
7.90
40
Nindakake Magnetic
diamagnetic
Ferromagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
superconductor
Arman
resistivity
115.00 nΩ · m
28
1.31 nΩ · m
99+
konduktivitas listrik
0.09 10 6 / cm Ω
23
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
elektron Affinity
107.30 kJ / mol
8
50.00 kJ / mol
21
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.23 J / (kg K)
28
0.23 J / (kg K)
27
Graham Kapasitas kalor
27.11 J / mol · K
20
37.03 J / mol · K
2
doyo termal
66.80 W / m · K
25
10.60 W / m · K
99+
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
22.00 μm / (m · K)
20
9.40 μm / (m · K)
99+
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
290.40 kJ / mol
32
359.40 kJ / mol
21
Enthalpy saka Fusion
7.03 kJ / mol
99+
10.05 kJ / mol
36
Enthalpy saka atomization
301.30 kJ / mol
35
352.00 kJ / mol
27
Standard molar Entropy
51.20 J / mol.K
29
68.10 J / mol.K
16
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