Gadolinium mungsuh tembaga
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Gd
Cu
Panggil Group
0
18
11
7
Panggil periode
6
4
Block
pemblokiran f
d block
Family unsur
lanthanide
transisi Metal
CAS Number
7440542
33
7440508
37
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
Fm_ 3M
Space Group Number
194.00
5
225.00
2
facts
Facts Interesting
- Gadolinium ora ketemu gratis ing alam, Empu iku ora logam native.
- metal Gadolinium ditemokaké ing mineral Monazite lan bastnaesite.
- Tembaga arang ditemokaké ing wangun murni ing alam.
- Tembaga Sulfat biasane digunakake ing racun tetanèn lan minangka algicide ing sistem banyu dimurnèkaké.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining
Found in Minerals
History
sing katutup
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
Unknown
Discovery
ing taun 1880
Ing Timur Tengah (9000 SM)
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
2 * 10-7 %
22
6 * 10-6 %
12
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000002 %
25
~0.00007 %
12
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
34
0.01 %
13
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
30
0.01 %
17
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
38
0.00 %
8
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 %
9
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- wesi uga digunakake ing nggawe Magnets, komponen elektronik lan piranti panyimpenan data.
- Senyawa saka logam Gadolinium digunakake ing magnetik résonansi (MRI).
- Iku digunakake kanggo koin lan bullion.
- Akèh unsur tembaga digunakake ing Manufaktur Alat listrik lan elektronik kayata wirings lan komponen. Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké ing construction lan mesin industri.
Ulah Industrial
Industry Aerospace, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industri Kimia, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
NA
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi, koin, Jewellery
Properties biologi
keracunan
non Toxic
non Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ora
Ya
Sang
ora Sumadhiya
1.01 Sang / mg dm-3
8
ing Bone
ora Sumadhiya
26.00 ppm
12
fisik Properties
leleh Point
1,311.00 ° C
35
1,084.62 ° C
40
Boiling Point
3,233.00 ° C
25
2,562.00 ° C
99+
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
tembaga
luster
metallic
NA
atose
Mohs atose
ora Sumadhiya
3.00
12
Brinell atose
ora Sumadhiya
235.00 MPa
38
Vickers atose
510.00 MPa
22
343.00 MPa
28
Kacepetan swara
2,680.00 m / s
34
3,810.00 m / s
19
Properties Optical
reflectivity
ora Sumadhiya
90.00 %
3
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Gd
Cu
isotop
Isotop dikenal
26
13
29
10
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.20
39
1.90
11
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
1.98
9
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.11
29
1.75
3
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
1.49
14
Allen Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
1.85
9
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.80
15
2.10
99+
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
593.40 kJ / mol
99+
745.50 kJ / mol
22
Level Energy 2
1,170.00 kJ / mol
99+
1,957.90 kJ / mol
15
Level Energy 3rd
1,990.00 kJ / mol
99+
3,555.00 kJ / mol
15
Level Energy 4
4,250.00 kJ / mol
30
5,536.00 kJ / mol
12
Level Energy 5th
ora Sumadhiya
7,700.00 kJ / mol
11
Level Energy 6th
ora Sumadhiya
9,900.00 kJ / mol
10
tingkat Energy 7
ora Sumadhiya
13,400.00 kJ / mol
7
Level Energy 8
ora Sumadhiya
16,000.00 kJ / mol
9
Level Energy 9
ora Sumadhiya
19,200.00 kJ / mol
9
Level Energy 10th
ora Sumadhiya
22,400.00 kJ / mol
11
Level Energy 11
ora Sumadhiya
25,600.00 kJ / mol
13
Level Energy 12
ora Sumadhiya
35,600.00 kJ / mol
6
Level Energy 13
ora Sumadhiya
38,700.00 kJ / mol
6
Level Energy 14
ora Sumadhiya
42,000.00 kJ / mol
7
Level Energy 15
ora Sumadhiya
46,700.00 kJ / mol
9
Level Energy 16
ora Sumadhiya
50,200.00 kJ / mol
10
Level Energy 17
ora Sumadhiya
53,700.00 kJ / mol
12
Level Energy 18
ora Sumadhiya
61,100.00 kJ / mol
10
Level Energy 19
ora Sumadhiya
64,702.00 kJ / mol
11
Level Energy 20
ora Sumadhiya
163,700.00 kJ / mol
2
Level Energy 21
ora Sumadhiya
174,100.00 kJ / mol
2
Level Energy 22
ora Sumadhiya
184,900.00 kJ / mol
1
Level Energy 23rd
ora Sumadhiya
198,800.00 kJ / mol
1
padha karo elektrokimia
1.96 g / amp-day
32
1.19 g / amp-day
99+
Fungsi Work elektron
3.10 eV
35
4.65 eV
11
Properties Kimia liyane
Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
Kimia Stabilitas, Corrosion, ionisasi, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
64
99+
29
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 7 5d 1 6s 2
[Ar] 3d 10 4s 1
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
Crystal pola
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Gadolinium.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Copper.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
64
99+
29
99+
Jumlah Neutron
93
37
35
99+
Jumlah Èlèktron
64
99+
29
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
180.00 pm
14
128.00 pm
99+
kovalen Radius
196.00 pm
14
132.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
237.00 pm
15
140.00 pm
99+
Bobot atom
47.87 Amu
99+
63.55 Amu
99+
Volume atom
19.90 cm3 / mol
20
7.10 cm3 / mol
99+
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
46.10 (-eV)
34
34.00 (-eV)
99+
Constant pola
363.60 pm
32
361.49 pm
35
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Pola C / A rasio
1.59
9
ora Sumadhiya
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
7.90 g / cm 3
99+
8.96 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
7.40 g / cm3
31
8.02 g / cm3
27
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
30
1.53 (Pa)
8
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
7.39 (Pa)
9
ora Sumadhiya
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
21.80 GPA
33
48.00 GPA
15
pengaturan akeh
37.90 GPA
34
140.00 GPA
12
Young kang pengaturan
54.80 GPA
35
120.00 GPA
17
Poisson rasio
0.26
23
0.34
10
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
7.90
40
8.89
34
Nindakake Magnetic
Ferromagnetic
diamagnetic
permeabilitas
ora Sumadhiya
1.256629 * 10-6 H / m
5
kelemahan
ora Sumadhiya
-9.63 * 10-6
4
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
resistivity
1.31 nΩ · m
99+
16.78 nΩ · m
99+
konduktivitas listrik
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
0.60 10 6 / cm Ω
2
elektron Affinity
50.00 kJ / mol
21
222.80 kJ / mol
1
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.23 J / (kg K)
27
0.38 J / (kg K)
15
Graham Kapasitas kalor
37.03 J / mol · K
2
24.44 J / mol · K
99+
doyo termal
10.60 W / m · K
99+
401.00 W / m · K
2
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
9.40 μm / (m · K)
99+
16.50 μm / (m · K)
25
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
359.40 kJ / mol
21
283.70 kJ / mol
33
Enthalpy saka Fusion
10.05 kJ / mol
36
7.11 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka atomization
352.00 kJ / mol
27
338.90 kJ / mol
29
Standard molar Entropy
68.10 J / mol.K
16
33.20 J / mol.K
99+
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