tungsten

Hafnium

mbandhingaké tungsten lan Hafnium

tungsten

Hafnium

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

0 17

1.3 Panggil periode

2 7

1.4 Block

d block

1.5 Family unsur

transisi Metal

1.6 CAS Number

74403377440586

7429905 54386242

1.7 Jeneng papan Group

3M Im_

P63 / mmc

1.8 Space Group Number

229.00194.00

11 229

2 facts

2.1 Facts Interesting

unsur Tungsten nduweni titik leleh paling dhuwur.
tungsten Pure bisa gampang Cut mudhun karo bantuan saka hacksaw.

Hafnium logam reaktif, Empu ora ketemu gratis ing alam.
metal Hafnium minangka predicated sawise Mendeleev rampung tabel périodik kang.

2.2 sumber

bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals

Miturut-produk Nyaring panggolekan Zirconium

2.3 History

2.3.1 sing katutup

Not Available

Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy

2.3.2 Discovery

ing taun 1781

ing taun 1922

2.4 turah mbrawah

2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

5 * 10^-8 %7 * 10^-8 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~0.0000004 %~0.0000001 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.00 %0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

2.4.8 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.00 %0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.11 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

0.00 %0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.12 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1E-13 1.4

3 ulah

3.1 Ulah lan Wuku

Tungsten lan wesi digunakake ing dhuwur-suhu aplikasi kaya elektrods welding, pawon-suhu dhuwur, etc.

Tungsten carbide banget hard lan digunakake ing apa logam, mining lan gas.

Character length exceed error

3.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industry Aerospace, Industry automobile, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

Industry amunisi

3.1.2 Ulah Medical

3.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi

wesi, Ing Reactors Nuclear, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research

3.2 Properties biologi

3.2.1 keracunan

non Toxic

Toxic

3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

Ora

3.2.3 Sang

0.00 Sang / mg dm-3ora Sumadhiya

0 1970

3.2.5 ing Bone

0.00 ppmora Sumadhiya

0 170000

4 fisik

4.1 leleh Point

3,410.00 ° C2,150.00 ° C

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

5,660.00 ° C5,400.00 ° C

147 5660

4.3 katon

4.3.1 State fisik

Solid

4.3.2 warna

klawu putih

Gray

4.3.4 luster

lustrous

metallic

4.4 atose

4.4.1 Mohs atose

7.505.50

0.2 8.5

4.4.4 Brinell atose

2,000.00 MPa1,450.00 MPa

0.14 3490

4.4.7 Vickers atose

3,430.00 MPa1,520.00 MPa

121 3430

4.5 Kacepetan swara

4,620.00 m / s3,010.00 m / s

818 16200

4.6 Properties Optical

4.6.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

4.7.1 reflectivity

62.00 %ora Sumadhiya

58 97

4.8 allotropes

Ora

4.8.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.8.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.8.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

5 Kimia

5.1 Formula Kimia

5.2 isotop

5.2.1 Isotop dikenal

3332

0 38

6.2 keelektronegatifan

6.2.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

2.361.30

0.7 2.54

6.5.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

0.98ora Sumadhiya

0.22 2.56

6.5.4 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.401.23

0.86 1.82

6.5.6 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.62 2.48

6.6.3 Allen Elektronegativitas

1.471.16

0.659 2.7

6.7 Electropositivity

6.7.1 Pauling Electropositivity

1.642.70

1.46 3.3

6.9 tenogo ionisasi

6.9.1 Level Energy 1st

770.00 kJ / mol658.50 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

6.10.1 Level Energy 2

1,700.00 kJ / mol1,440.00 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

6.12.1 Level Energy 3rd

ora Sumadhiya2,250.00 kJ / mol

1600 34230

6.15.1 Level Energy 4

ora Sumadhiya3,216.00 kJ / mol

2780 37066

7.1.2 Level Energy 5th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

4305.2 97510

7.1.4 Level Energy 6th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

5715.8 105800

7.3.1 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

7226.8 114300

7.4.2 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

8857.4 125300

7.5.2 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

14110 134700

7.5.3 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

17100 144300

7.5.6 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

19900 169988

8.1.4 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

22219 189368

8.2.3 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26930 76015

8.2.6 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

29196 86450

9.3.1 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

41987 97510

9.4.1 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

47206 109480

9.5.1 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

52737 122200

9.6.2 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58570 134810

9.6.4 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

64702 148700

9.7.1 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

80400 171200

9.7.2 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

87000 179100

9.7.3 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

93400 184900

9.7.4 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

98420 198800

9.7.5 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

9.7.6 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

9.7.7 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

9.7.8 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

9.7.9 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

9.7.10 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

9.7.11 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

9.8 padha karo elektrokimia

1.14 g / amp-day1.66 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

9.9 Fungsi Work elektron

4.55 eV3.90 eV

2.14 5.65

9.10 Properties Kimia liyane

ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan

anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan

10 atom

10.1 Panggil atom

7472

3 117

10.2 Konfigurasi elektron

[Xe] 4F ¹⁴ 5d ⁴ 6s ²

[Xe] 4F ¹⁴ 5d ² 6s ²

10.3 Struktur Crystal

Body tengah kubik (Bcc)

Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)

10.3.1 Crystal pola

10.4 atom

10.4.1 Jumlah proton

7472

3 117

10.4.2 Jumlah Neutron

110106

4 184

10.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron

7472

3 117

10.5 Radius saka Atom

10.5.1 Radius atom

139.00 pm159.00 pm

112 265

10.5.2 kovalen Radius

162.00 pm175.00 pm

96 260

10.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

200.00 pm200.00 pm

139 348

10.6 Bobot atom

183.84 Amu178.49 Amu

6.94 294

10.7 Volume atom

9.53 cm3 / mol13.60 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

10.8 Nomer atom jejer

10.8.1 unsur Previous

10.8.2 Sabanjure unsur

10.9 Potensi Valence Electron

140.00 (-eV)81.00 (-eV)

8 392.42

10.10 Constant pola

316.52 pm319.64 pm

228.58 891.25

10.11 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

10.12 Pola C / A rasio

ora Sumadhiya1.58

1.567 1.886

11 Teknik

11.1 Kapadhetan

11.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

19.25 g / cm ³13.31 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

11.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

17.60 g / cm312.00 g / cm3

0.512 20

11.2 Strength tensile

370.00 MPa445.00 MPa

2.5 11000

11.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

11.4 meksa beluk

11.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

2.47E-11 121

11.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)

2.62E-10 774

11.5 situs kelenturan

11.5.1 nyukur pengaturan

161.00 GPA30.00 GPA

1.3 222

11.5.2 pengaturan akeh

310.00 GPA110.00 GPA

1.6 462

11.5.3 Young kang pengaturan

411.00 GPA78.00 GPA

1.7 528

11.6 Poisson rasio

0.280.37

0.032 0.47

11.7 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile, malleable

12 Magnetic

12.1 Ciri Magnetic

12.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

19.2213.31

0.53 4500

12.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic

paramagnetic

12.1.3 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

12.1.4 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

12.2 Properties Listrik

12.2.1 Property Listrik

superconductor

Arman

12.2.2 resistivity

52.80 nΩ · m331.00 nΩ · m

0.18 961

12.2.3 konduktivitas listrik

0.19 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.03 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

12.2.4 elektron Affinity

78.60 kJ / mol0.00 kJ / mol

0 222.8

13 termal

13.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.13 J / (kg K)0.14 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

13.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

24.27 J / mol · K25.73 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

13.3 doyo termal

173.00 W / m · K23.00 W / m · K

6.3 429

13.4 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

13.5 Expansion termal

4.50 μm / (m · K)5.90 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

13.6 enthalpy

13.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

799.10 kJ / mol661.10 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

13.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion

35.23 kJ / mol25.10 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

13.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization

837.00 kJ / mol703.00 kJ / mol

61.5 837

13.7 Standard molar Entropy

32.60 J / mol.K43.60 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

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