Zirconium

Yttrium

mbandhingaké Zirconium lan Yttrium

Zirconium

Yttrium

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

0 17

1.3 Panggil periode

2 7

1.4 Block

d block

1.5 Family unsur

transisi Metal

1.6 CAS Number

74406777440655

7429905 54386242

1.7 Jeneng papan Group

P63 / mmc

1.8 Space Group Number

194.00194.00

11 229

2 facts

2.1 Facts Interesting

Zirconium logam bisa nolak kanggo asam banget.
Zirconium logam ditanggepi karo oksigen lan nitrogen ing atmosfer.

Yttrium Metal punika Highly beracun.
Yttrium Metal punika reaktif ing alam Empu ora ketemu gratis ing alam.

2.2 sumber

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals

2.3 History

2.3.1 sing katutup

Martin Heinrich Klaproth

Johan Gadolin

2.3.2 Discovery

ing taun 1789

ing taun 1794

2.4 turah mbrawah

2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

5 * 10^-6 %7 * 10^-7 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~0.000004 %~0.0000001 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.00 %0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.01 %0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

0.00 %0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

0.00 %ora Sumadhiya

1E-13 1.4

3 ulah

3.1 Ulah lan Wuku

Minangka logam ora nresep neutron; Kang digunakake ing stasiun daya nuklir.

oxide sawijining digunakake ing keramik kuwat Ultra. Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké ing crucibles Manufaktur.

metal Yttrium digunakake ing wesi beda, minangka mundhak kekuatan aluminium Magnesium. Kang digunakake kanggo Filter Radar gelombang mikro.
Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké minangka katalis ing ethene polymerisation.

3.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industry Aerospace, Industry amunisi

Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

3.1.2 Ulah Medical

3.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research

wesi

3.2 Properties biologi

3.2.1 keracunan

Highly Toxic

3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

3.2.3 Sang

0.01 Sang / mg dm-30.00 Sang / mg dm-3

0 1970

3.2.4 ing Bone

0.10 ppm0.07 ppm

0 170000

4 fisik

4.1 leleh Point

1,852.00 ° C1,523.00 ° C

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

4,377.00 ° C3,337.00 ° C

147 5660

4.3 katon

4.3.1 State fisik

Solid

4.3.2 warna

perak Putih

4.3.3 luster

lustrous

4.4 atose

4.4.1 Mohs atose

5.00ora Sumadhiya

0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell atose

638.00 MPa589.00 MPa

0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers atose

820.00 MPaora Sumadhiya

121 3430

4.5 Kacepetan swara

3,800.00 m / s3,300.00 m / s

818 16200

4.6 Properties Optical

4.6.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 reflectivity

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58 97

4.7 allotropes

Ora

4.7.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

5 Kimia

5.1 Formula Kimia

5.2 isotop

5.2.1 Isotop dikenal

2419

0 38

5.3 keelektronegatifan

5.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

1.331.22

0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

0.900.65

0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.221.11

0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Elektronegativitas

1.321.12

0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.672.78

1.46 3.3

5.5 tenogo ionisasi

5.5.1 Level Energy 1st

640.10 kJ / mol600.00 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

5.5.2 Level Energy 2

1,270.00 kJ / mol1,180.00 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

5.5.3 Level Energy 3rd

2,218.00 kJ / mol1,980.00 kJ / mol

1600 34230

5.5.4 Level Energy 4

3,313.00 kJ / mol5,847.00 kJ / mol

2780 37066

5.5.5 Level Energy 5th

7,752.00 kJ / mol7,430.00 kJ / mol

4305.2 97510

5.5.6 Level Energy 6th

9,500.00 kJ / mol8,970.00 kJ / mol

5715.8 105800

5.5.7 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiya11,190.00 kJ / mol

7226.8 114300

5.5.8 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiya12,450.00 kJ / mol

8857.4 125300

5.5.9 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiya14,110.00 kJ / mol

14110 134700

5.5.10 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiya18,400.00 kJ / mol

17100 144300

5.5.11 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiya19,900.00 kJ / mol

19900 169988

5.5.12 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiya36,090.00 kJ / mol

22219 189368

5.5.13 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26930 76015

5.5.14 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

29196 86450

5.5.15 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

41987 97510

5.5.16 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

47206 109480

5.5.17 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

52737 122200

5.5.18 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58570 134810

5.5.19 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

64702 148700

5.5.20 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

80400 171200

5.5.21 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

87000 179100

5.5.22 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

93400 184900

5.5.23 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

98420 198800

5.5.24 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

5.5.25 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

5.5.26 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

5.5.27 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

5.5.28 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

5.5.29 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

5.5.30 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

5.6 padha karo elektrokimia

0.85 g / amp-day1.11 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Fungsi Work elektron

4.05 eV3.10 eV

2.14 5.65

5.8 Properties Kimia liyane

anti Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan

Kimia Stabilitas, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan

6 atom

6.1 Panggil atom

4039

3 117

6.2 Konfigurasi elektron

[Kr] 4d ² 5S ²

[Kr] 4d ¹ 5S ²

6.3 Struktur Crystal

Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)

6.3.1 Crystal pola

6.4 atom

6.4.1 Jumlah proton

4039

3 117

6.4.2 Jumlah Neutron

5150

4 184

6.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron

4039

3 117

6.5 Radius saka Atom

6.5.1 Radius atom

160.00 pm180.00 pm

112 265

6.5.2 kovalen Radius

175.00 pm190.00 pm

96 260

6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

200.00 pm200.00 pm

139 348

6.6 Bobot atom

91.22 Amu88.91 Amu

6.94 294

6.7 Volume atom

14.10 cm3 / mol19.80 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

6.8 Nomer atom jejer

6.8.1 unsur Previous

6.8.2 Sabanjure unsur

6.9 Potensi Valence Electron

80.00 (-eV)48.00 (-eV)

8 392.42

6.10 Constant pola

323.20 pm364.74 pm

228.58 891.25

6.11 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

6.12 Pola C / A rasio

1.591.57

1.567 1.886

7 Teknik

7.1 Kapadhetan

7.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

6.52 g / cm ³4.47 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

7.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

5.80 g / cm34.24 g / cm3

0.512 20

7.2 Strength tensile

330.00 MPaora Sumadhiya

2.5 11000

7.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

7.4 meksa beluk

7.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

ora Sumadhiya0.00 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

7.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

0.00 (Pa)4.27 (Pa)

2.62E-10 774

7.5 situs kelenturan

7.5.1 nyukur pengaturan

33.00 GPA25.60 GPA

1.3 222

7.5.2 pengaturan akeh

91.10 GPA41.20 GPA

1.6 462

7.5.3 Young kang pengaturan

88.00 GPA63.50 GPA

1.7 528

7.6 Poisson rasio

0.340.24

0.032 0.47

7.7 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile, malleable

ductile

8 Magnetic

8.1 Ciri Magnetic

8.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

6.514.47

0.53 4500

8.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic

paramagnetic

8.1.3 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.4 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

8.2 Properties Listrik

8.2.1 Property Listrik

Arman

8.2.2 resistivity

421.00 nΩ · m596.00 nΩ · m

0.18 961

8.2.3 konduktivitas listrik

0.02 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.02 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

8.2.4 elektron Affinity

41.10 kJ / mol29.60 kJ / mol

0 222.8

9 termal

9.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.27 J / (kg K)0.30 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

9.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

25.36 J / mol · K26.53 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

9.3 doyo termal

22.60 W / m · K17.20 W / m · K

6.3 429

9.4 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

9.5 Expansion termal

5.70 μm / (m · K)10.60 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

9.6 enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

581.60 kJ / mol393.00 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

9.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion

20.90 kJ / mol17.15 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

9.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization

598.00 kJ / mol418.00 kJ / mol

61.5 837

9.7 Standard molar Entropy

39.00 J / mol.K44.40 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

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