Palladium

Scandium

Palladium mungsuh Scandium

Palladium

Scandium

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

103

0 17

1.3 Panggil periode

2 7

1.4 Block

d block

1.5 Family unsur

transisi Metal

1.6 CAS Number

74400537440202

7429905 54386242

1.7 Jeneng papan Group

Fm_ 3M

P63 / mmc

1.8 Space Group Number

225.00194.00

11 229

2 facts

2.1 Facts Interesting

Character length exceed error

Scandium dikenal minangka salah siji saka unsur bumi.
metal Scandium ditemokake ing mineral langka disebut wolframite.

2.2 sumber

Ores logam

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores logam, Ores saka Minerals

2.3 History

2.3.1 sing katutup

William Hyde Wollaston

Lars Fredrik Nilson

2.3.2 Discovery

ing 1803

ing taun 1879

2.4 turah mbrawah

2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

2 * 10^-7 %3 * 10^-6 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~0.0000003 %~0.000004 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.00 %0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.00 %0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

ora Sumadhiya0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1E-13 1.4

3 ulah

3.1 Ulah lan Wuku

Biasane Proteksi logam digunakake ing katalitik dinggo ngowahi. Ing industri elektronik kang digunakake ing kapasitor Keramik saka mobile lan komputer.
Kang digunakake ing perhiasan lan fillings dental lan Koruna.

Character length exceed error

3.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industry Aerospace, Industry automobile, Industry Elektronik

Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

3.1.2 Ulah Medical

Dentistry, Industry Pharmaceutical, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing

3.1.3 Ulah liyane

koin, bullion, Jewellery

wesi

3.2 Properties biologi

3.2.1 keracunan

Toxic

non Toxic

3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

Ora

3.2.3 Sang

ora Sumadhiya0.01 Sang / mg dm-3

0 1970

3.2.4 ing Bone

ora Sumadhiya0.00 ppm

0 170000

4 fisik

4.1 leleh Point

1,554.90 ° C1,539.00 ° C

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

2,963.00 ° C2,832.00 ° C

147 5660

4.3 katon

4.3.1 State fisik

Solid

4.3.2 warna

Silver

perak Putih

4.3.3 luster

metallic

lustrous

4.4 atose

4.4.1 Mohs atose

4.75ora Sumadhiya

0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell atose

320.00 MPa750.00 MPa

0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers atose

121.00 MPaora Sumadhiya

121 3430

4.5 Kacepetan swara

3,070.00 m / sora Sumadhiya

818 16200

4.6 Properties Optical

4.6.1 bias Index

1.72ora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 reflectivity

84.00 %ora Sumadhiya

58 97

4.7 allotropes

Ora

4.7.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

5 Kimia

5.1 Formula Kimia

5.2 isotop

5.2.1 Isotop dikenal

3813

0 38

5.3 keelektronegatifan

5.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

2.201.36

0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya1.02

0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.351.20

0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Elektronegativitas

1.591.19

0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

1.802.64

1.46 3.3

5.5 tenogo ionisasi

5.5.1 Level Energy 1st

520.23 kJ / mol633.10 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

5.5.2 Level Energy 2

7,298.22 kJ / mol1,235.00 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

5.5.3 Level Energy 3rd

11,815.13 kJ / mol2,388.60 kJ / mol

1600 34230

5.5.4 Level Energy 4

ora Sumadhiya7,090.60 kJ / mol

2780 37066

5.5.5 Level Energy 5th

ora Sumadhiya8,843.00 kJ / mol

4305.2 97510

5.5.6 Level Energy 6th

ora Sumadhiya10,679.00 kJ / mol

5715.8 105800

5.5.7 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiya13,310.00 kJ / mol

7226.8 114300

5.5.8 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiya15,250.00 kJ / mol

8857.4 125300

5.5.9 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiya17,370.00 kJ / mol

14110 134700

5.5.10 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiya21,726.00 kJ / mol

17100 144300

5.5.11 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiya24,102.00 kJ / mol

19900 169988

5.5.12 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiya66,320.00 kJ / mol

22219 189368

5.5.13 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiya73,010.00 kJ / mol

26930 76015

5.5.14 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiya80,160.00 kJ / mol

29196 86450

5.5.15 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiya89,490.00 kJ / mol

41987 97510

5.5.16 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiya97,400.00 kJ / mol

47206 109480

5.5.17 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiya105,600.00 kJ / mol

52737 122200

5.5.18 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiya117,000.00 kJ / mol

58570 134810

5.5.19 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiya124,270.00 kJ / mol

64702 148700

5.5.20 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

80400 171200

5.5.21 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

87000 179100

5.5.22 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

93400 184900

5.5.23 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

98420 198800

5.5.24 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

5.5.25 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

5.5.26 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

5.5.27 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

5.5.28 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

5.5.29 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

5.5.30 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

5.6 padha karo elektrokimia

1.99 g / amp-day0.56 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Fungsi Work elektron

5.12 eV3.50 eV

2.14 5.65

5.8 Properties Kimia liyane

Kimia Stabilitas, Corrosion, ionisasi, kelarutan

Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan

6 atom

6.1 Panggil atom

4621

3 117

6.2 Konfigurasi elektron

[Kr] 4d ¹⁰

[Ar] 3d ¹ 4s ²

6.3 Struktur Crystal

Face tengah kubik (FCC)

Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)

6.3.1 Crystal pola

6.4 atom

6.4.1 Jumlah proton

4621

3 117

6.4.2 Jumlah Neutron

6024

4 184

6.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron

4621

3 117

6.5 Radius saka Atom

6.5.1 Radius atom

137.00 pm162.00 pm

112 265

6.5.2 kovalen Radius

139.00 pm170.00 pm

96 260

6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

163.00 pm211.00 pm

139 348

6.6 Bobot atom

106.42 Amu44.96 Amu

6.94 294

6.7 Volume atom

8.90 cm3 / mol15.00 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

6.8 Nomer atom jejer

6.8.1 unsur Previous

6.8.2 Sabanjure unsur

6.9 Potensi Valence Electron

33.00 (-eV)58.00 (-eV)

8 392.42

6.10 Constant pola

389.07 pm330.90 pm

228.58 891.25

6.11 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

6.12 Pola C / A rasio

ora Sumadhiya1.59

1.567 1.886

7 Teknik

7.1 Kapadhetan

7.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

12.02 g / cm ³2.99 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

7.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

10.38 g / cm32.80 g / cm3

0.512 20

7.2 Strength tensile

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

2.5 11000

7.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

7.4 meksa beluk

7.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

7.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

0.00 (Pa)91.30 (Pa)

2.62E-10 774

7.5 situs kelenturan

7.5.1 nyukur pengaturan

44.00 GPA29.10 GPA

1.3 222

7.5.2 pengaturan akeh

180.00 GPA56.60 GPA

1.6 462

7.5.3 Young kang pengaturan

121.00 GPA74.40 GPA

1.7 528

7.6 Poisson rasio

0.390.28

0.032 0.47

7.7 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile, malleable, Weldable

8 Magnetic

8.1 Ciri Magnetic

8.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

12.022.99

0.53 4500

8.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic

diamagnetic

paramagnetic

8.1.3 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.4 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

8.2 Properties Listrik

8.2.1 Property Listrik

Arman

8.2.2 resistivity

105.40 nΩ · m562.00 nΩ · m

0.18 961

8.2.3 konduktivitas listrik

0.10 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.02 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

8.2.4 elektron Affinity

54.23 kJ / mol18.10 kJ / mol

0 222.8

9 termal

9.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.24 J / (kg K)0.60 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

9.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

25.98 J / mol · K25.52 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

9.3 doyo termal

71.80 W / m · K15.80 W / m · K

6.3 429

9.4 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

9.5 Expansion termal

11.80 μm / (m · K)10.20 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

9.6 enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

376.60 kJ / mol314.20 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

9.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion

16.74 kJ / mol14.10 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

9.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization

393.30 kJ / mol343.00 kJ / mol

61.5 837

9.7 Standard molar Entropy

37.60 J / mol.K34.60 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

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