Panerapan mungsuh kalium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Ga
K
Panggil Group
13
5
1
17
Panggil periode
4
4
Block
p pemblokiran
s pemblokiran
Family unsur
Transisi Post-
alkali
CAS Number
7440553
32
7440097
99+
Jeneng papan Group
Cmca
3M Im_
Space Group Number
64.00
9
229.00
1
facts
Facts Interesting
- A gram saka logam Gallium bisa tuku mung telung dolar.
- Panerapan logam ketemu ing ores bab ing ngisor iki Coal, Bauksit, Diaspore, sphalerite, germanite lan Seng.
- Ing dhaptar paling unsur KALUBÈRAN kalium wis ditingkat 7th.
- Kalium bisa gampang ngiris (disigar) mudhun nggunakake piso.
sumber
bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
sing katutup
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Humphry Davy
Discovery
ing taun 1875
1807
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
1 * 10-6 %
16
3 * 10-4 %
9
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.000004 %
16
~0.0004 %
9
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
16
0.07 %
9
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
24
1.50 %
6
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
22
0.04 %
3
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
ora Sumadhiya
0.20 %
2
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- Panerapan arsenida punika komponèn penting banget akeh semikonduktor lan manufaktur mimpin.
- Panerapan nitride uga ngerti minangka semikonduktor lan digunakake ing teknologi Blu-ray, Smartphone mobile lan LED.
- senyawa kalium kang ana ing dhuwur dikarepake kanggo aplikasi ing Manufaktur pupuk.
- Kalium karbonat digunakake ing Manufaktur kaca lan kalium karbonat ing Manufaktur deterjen lan awak wisuh.
Ulah Industrial
Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industry amunisi, Industri Kimia
Ulah Medical
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Industry Pharmaceutical
Ulah liyane
wesi
NA
Properties biologi
keracunan
non Toxic
Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ya
Sang
0.08 Sang / mg dm-3
13
1,620.00 Sang / mg dm-3
2
ing Bone
ora Sumadhiya
2,100.00 ppm
3
fisik Properties
leleh Point
29.78 ° C
99+
63.65 ° C
99+
Boiling Point
2,403.00 ° C
99+
774.00 ° C
99+
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
perak Gray
luster
metallic
NA
atose
Mohs atose
1.50
18
0.40
23
Brinell atose
56.80 MPa
99+
0.36 MPa
99+
Kacepetan swara
2,740.00 m / s
31
2,000.00 m / s
99+
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Ga
K
isotop
Isotop dikenal
24
15
20
19
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.81
15
0.82
99+
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
2.42
2
0.45
31
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.82
1
0.91
39
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
2.01
5
0.73
23
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.76
14
0.73
99+
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.19
39
3.18
3
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
578.80 kJ / mol
99+
418.80 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,979.30 kJ / mol
13
3,052.00 kJ / mol
5
Level Energy 3rd
2,963.00 kJ / mol
28
4,420.00 kJ / mol
8
Level Energy 4
6,180.00 kJ / mol
8
5,877.00 kJ / mol
9
Level Energy 5th
ora Sumadhiya
7,975.00 kJ / mol
8
Level Energy 6th
ora Sumadhiya
9,590.00 kJ / mol
13
tingkat Energy 7
ora Sumadhiya
11,343.00 kJ / mol
17
Level Energy 8
ora Sumadhiya
14,944.00 kJ / mol
13
Level Energy 9
ora Sumadhiya
16,963.70 kJ / mol
15
Level Energy 10th
ora Sumadhiya
48,610.00 kJ / mol
3
Level Energy 11
ora Sumadhiya
54,490.00 kJ / mol
4
Level Energy 12
ora Sumadhiya
60,730.00 kJ / mol
4
Level Energy 13
ora Sumadhiya
68,950.00 kJ / mol
4
Level Energy 14
ora Sumadhiya
75,900.00 kJ / mol
5
Level Energy 15
ora Sumadhiya
83,080.00 kJ / mol
6
Level Energy 16
ora Sumadhiya
93,400.00 kJ / mol
7
Level Energy 17
ora Sumadhiya
99,710.00 kJ / mol
8
padha karo elektrokimia
0.87 g / amp-day
99+
1.46 g / amp-day
99+
Fungsi Work elektron
4.20 eV
23
2.30 eV
99+
Properties Kimia liyane
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
Kimia Stabilitas, Flammability, ionisasi, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
31
99+
19
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Ar] 3d 10 4s 2 4p 1
[Ar] 4s 1
Struktur Crystal
Orthorhombic (Orth)
Body tengah kubik (Bcc)
Crystal pola
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Gallium.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
31
99+
19
99+
Jumlah Neutron
39
99+
20
99+
Jumlah Èlèktron
31
99+
19
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
135.00 pm
99+
227.00 pm
3
kovalen Radius
122.00 pm
99+
203.00 pm
9
Van der Waals Radius
187.00 pm
32
275.00 pm
5
Bobot atom
69.72 Amu
99+
39.10 Amu
99+
Volume atom
11.80 cm3 / mol
99+
45.46 cm3 / mol
3
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
69.70 (-eV)
19
10.40 (-eV)
99+
Constant pola
451.97 pm
18
532.80 pm
12
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
5.91 g / cm 3
99+
0.86 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
6.10 g / cm3
99+
0.83 g / cm3
99+
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
15
ora Sumadhiya
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
ora Sumadhiya
1.30 GPA
99+
pengaturan akeh
ora Sumadhiya
3.10 GPA
99+
Young kang pengaturan
9.80 GPA
99+
3.53 GPA
99+
Poisson rasio
0.47
1
ora Sumadhiya
Properties Teknik liyane
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
5.91
99+
0.86
99+
Nindakake Magnetic
diamagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Semiconductor
Arman
resistivity
270.00 nΩ · m
15
72.00 nΩ · m
37
konduktivitas listrik
0.07 10 6 / cm Ω
29
0.14 10 6 / cm Ω
14
elektron Affinity
28.90 kJ / mol
31
48.40 kJ / mol
22
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.37 J / (kg K)
16
0.75 J / (kg K)
6
Graham Kapasitas kalor
25.86 J / mol · K
35
29.60 J / mol · K
6
doyo termal
40.60 W / m · K
34
102.50 W / m · K
15
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
2,223.00 K
3
Expansion termal
18.00 μm / (m · K)
24
83.30 μm / (m · K)
3
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
256.10 kJ / mol
36
77.50 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka Fusion
5.59 kJ / mol
99+
2.32 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka atomization
276.10 kJ / mol
39
89.50 kJ / mol
99+
Standard molar Entropy
40.80 J / mol.K
38
64.70 J / mol.K
18
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