Panerapan mungsuh vanadium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Ga
V
Panggil Group
13
5
5
13
Panggil periode
4
4
Block
p pemblokiran
d block
Family unsur
Transisi Post-
transisi Metal
CAS Number
7440553
32
7440622
27
Jeneng papan Group
Cmca
3M Im_
Space Group Number
64.00
9
229.00
1
facts
Facts Interesting
- A gram saka logam Gallium bisa tuku mung telung dolar.
- Panerapan logam ketemu ing ores bab ing ngisor iki Coal, Bauksit, Diaspore, sphalerite, germanite lan Seng.
- Vanadium logam reaktif, Empu durung ketemu gratis ing alam.
- Vanadium bisa ditemokake ing meh 65 macem-macem jinis mineral.
sumber
bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
Found Minangka By-produk, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
History
sing katutup
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Andrés Manuel del Río
Discovery
ing taun 1875
ing taun 1801
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
1 * 10-6 %
16
1 * 10-4 %
10
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.000004 %
16
~0.00004 %
13
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
16
0.01 %
14
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
24
0.02 %
12
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
22
0.00 %
14
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 %
16
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- Panerapan arsenida punika komponèn penting banget akeh semikonduktor lan manufaktur mimpin.
- Panerapan nitride uga ngerti minangka semikonduktor lan digunakake ing teknologi Blu-ray, Smartphone mobile lan LED.
- Sawijining kumpulan karo baja digunakake banget angel lan Empu kang digunakake ing piring waja, As, kesatuan piston, pribadi lan crankshafts.
- oxide sawijining digunakake minangka pigmen kanggo kaca lan keramik.
Ulah Industrial
Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industry Aerospace, Industry automobile, Industri Kimia
Ulah Medical
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
non Toxic
Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ya
Sang
0.08 Sang / mg dm-3
13
0.00 Sang / mg dm-3
36
ing Bone
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 ppm
31
fisik Properties
leleh Point
29.78 ° C
99+
1,890.00 ° C
13
Boiling Point
2,403.00 ° C
99+
3,380.00 ° C
20
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
Blue-Silver Grey
luster
metallic
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
1.50
18
6.70
4
Brinell atose
56.80 MPa
99+
600.00 MPa
20
Vickers atose
ora Sumadhiya
628.00 MPa
17
Kacepetan swara
2,740.00 m / s
31
4,560.00 m / s
17
Properties Optical
reflectivity
ora Sumadhiya
61.00 %
14
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Ga
V
isotop
Isotop dikenal
24
15
22
17
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.81
15
1.63
20
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
2.42
2
1.39
17
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.82
1
1.45
16
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
2.01
5
ora Sumadhiya
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.76
14
1.53
26
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.19
39
2.37
34
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
578.80 kJ / mol
99+
650.90 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,979.30 kJ / mol
13
1,414.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
2,963.00 kJ / mol
28
2,830.00 kJ / mol
35
Level Energy 4
6,180.00 kJ / mol
8
4,507.00 kJ / mol
25
Level Energy 5th
ora Sumadhiya
6,298.70 kJ / mol
23
Level Energy 6th
ora Sumadhiya
12,363.00 kJ / mol
5
tingkat Energy 7
ora Sumadhiya
14,530.00 kJ / mol
5
Level Energy 8
ora Sumadhiya
16,730.00 kJ / mol
7
Level Energy 9
ora Sumadhiya
19,860.00 kJ / mol
7
Level Energy 10th
ora Sumadhiya
22,240.00 kJ / mol
12
Level Energy 11
ora Sumadhiya
24,670.00 kJ / mol
15
Level Energy 12
ora Sumadhiya
29,730.00 kJ / mol
12
Level Energy 13
ora Sumadhiya
32,446.00 kJ / mol
12
Level Energy 14
ora Sumadhiya
86,450.00 kJ / mol
1
Level Energy 15
ora Sumadhiya
94,170.00 kJ / mol
2
Level Energy 16
ora Sumadhiya
102,300.00 kJ / mol
3
Level Energy 17
ora Sumadhiya
112,700.00 kJ / mol
4
Level Energy 18
ora Sumadhiya
121,600.00 kJ / mol
5
Level Energy 19
ora Sumadhiya
130,700.00 kJ / mol
6
Level Energy 20
ora Sumadhiya
143,400.00 kJ / mol
8
Level Energy 21
ora Sumadhiya
151,440.00 kJ / mol
8
padha karo elektrokimia
0.87 g / amp-day
99+
0.38 g / amp-day
99+
Fungsi Work elektron
4.20 eV
23
4.30 eV
18
Properties Kimia liyane
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
atom Properties
Panggil atom
31
99+
23
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Ar] 3d 10 4s 2 4p 1
[Ar] 3d 3 4s 2
Struktur Crystal
Orthorhombic (Orth)
Body tengah kubik (Bcc)
Crystal pola
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Gallium.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
31
99+
23
99+
Jumlah Neutron
39
99+
28
99+
Jumlah Èlèktron
31
99+
23
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
135.00 pm
99+
134.00 pm
99+
kovalen Radius
122.00 pm
99+
153.00 pm
33
Van der Waals Radius
187.00 pm
32
200.00 pm
28
Bobot atom
69.72 Amu
99+
50.94 Amu
99+
Volume atom
11.80 cm3 / mol
99+
8.78 cm3 / mol
99+
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
69.70 (-eV)
19
120.00 (-eV)
6
Constant pola
451.97 pm
18
303.00 pm
99+
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
5.91 g / cm 3
99+
6.00 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
6.10 g / cm3
99+
5.50 g / cm3
99+
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
800.00 MPa
6
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
15
ora Sumadhiya
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
ora Sumadhiya
0.23 (Pa)
16
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
ora Sumadhiya
47.00 GPA
16
pengaturan akeh
ora Sumadhiya
160.00 GPA
11
Young kang pengaturan
9.80 GPA
99+
128.00 GPA
15
Poisson rasio
0.47
1
0.37
7
Properties Teknik liyane
NA
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
5.91
99+
5.96
99+
Nindakake Magnetic
diamagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Semiconductor
superconductor
resistivity
270.00 nΩ · m
15
197.00 nΩ · m
19
konduktivitas listrik
0.07 10 6 / cm Ω
29
0.05 10 6 / cm Ω
35
elektron Affinity
28.90 kJ / mol
31
50.60 kJ / mol
20
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.37 J / (kg K)
16
0.49 J / (kg K)
10
Graham Kapasitas kalor
25.86 J / mol · K
35
24.89 J / mol · K
99+
doyo termal
40.60 W / m · K
34
30.70 W / m · K
39
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
18.00 μm / (m · K)
24
8.40 μm / (m · K)
99+
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
256.10 kJ / mol
36
458.60 kJ / mol
14
Enthalpy saka Fusion
5.59 kJ / mol
99+
17.57 kJ / mol
14
Enthalpy saka atomization
276.10 kJ / mol
39
514.60 kJ / mol
13
Standard molar Entropy
40.80 J / mol.K
38
28.90 J / mol.K
99+
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