Scandium mungsuh Gadolinium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Sc
Gd
Panggil Group
3
15
0
18
Panggil periode
4
6
Block
d block
pemblokiran f
Family unsur
transisi Metal
lanthanide
CAS Number
7440202
99+
7440542
33
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- Scandium dikenal minangka salah siji saka unsur bumi.
- metal Scandium ditemokake ing mineral langka disebut wolframite.
- Gadolinium ora ketemu gratis ing alam, Empu iku ora logam native.
- metal Gadolinium ditemokaké ing mineral Monazite lan bastnaesite.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores logam, Ores saka Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
sing katutup
Lars Fredrik Nilson
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
Discovery
ing taun 1879
ing taun 1880
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
3 * 10-6 %
15
2 * 10-7 %
22
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.000004 %
16
~0.0000002 %
25
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
18
0.00 %
34
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
23
0.00 %
30
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
32
0.00 %
38
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
Character length exceed error
- wesi uga digunakake ing nggawe Magnets, komponen elektronik lan piranti panyimpenan data.
- Senyawa saka logam Gadolinium digunakake ing magnetik résonansi (MRI).
Ulah Industrial
Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industry Aerospace, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
NA
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
non Toxic
non Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ora
Sang
0.01 Sang / mg dm-3
22
ora Sumadhiya
ing Bone
0.00 ppm
34
ora Sumadhiya
fisik Properties
leleh Point
1,539.00 ° C
24
1,311.00 ° C
35
Boiling Point
2,832.00 ° C
35
3,233.00 ° C
25
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
perak Putih
luster
lustrous
metallic
atose
Brinell atose
750.00 MPa
12
ora Sumadhiya
Vickers atose
ora Sumadhiya
510.00 MPa
22
Kacepetan swara
ora Sumadhiya
2,680.00 m / s
34
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Sc
Gd
isotop
Isotop dikenal
13
26
26
13
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.36
29
1.20
39
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
1.02
21
ora Sumadhiya
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.20
27
1.11
29
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.19
36
ora Sumadhiya
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.64
25
2.80
15
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
633.10 kJ / mol
99+
593.40 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,235.00 kJ / mol
99+
1,170.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
2,388.60 kJ / mol
99+
1,990.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
7,090.60 kJ / mol
6
4,250.00 kJ / mol
30
Level Energy 5th
8,843.00 kJ / mol
6
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 6th
10,679.00 kJ / mol
7
ora Sumadhiya
tingkat Energy 7
13,310.00 kJ / mol
8
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 8
15,250.00 kJ / mol
11
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 9
17,370.00 kJ / mol
14
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 10th
21,726.00 kJ / mol
13
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 11
24,102.00 kJ / mol
16
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 12
66,320.00 kJ / mol
2
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 13
73,010.00 kJ / mol
2
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 14
80,160.00 kJ / mol
3
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 15
89,490.00 kJ / mol
4
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 16
97,400.00 kJ / mol
5
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 17
105,600.00 kJ / mol
6
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 18
117,000.00 kJ / mol
7
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 19
124,270.00 kJ / mol
8
ora Sumadhiya
padha karo elektrokimia
0.56 g / amp-day
99+
1.96 g / amp-day
32
Fungsi Work elektron
3.50 eV
31
3.10 eV
35
Properties Kimia liyane
Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
atom Properties
Panggil atom
21
99+
64
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Ar] 3d 1 4s 2
[Xe] 4F 7 5d 1 6s 2
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Scandium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Gadolinium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
21
99+
64
99+
Jumlah Neutron
24
99+
93
37
Jumlah Èlèktron
21
99+
64
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
162.00 pm
26
180.00 pm
14
kovalen Radius
170.00 pm
25
196.00 pm
14
Van der Waals Radius
211.00 pm
25
237.00 pm
15
Bobot atom
44.96 Amu
99+
47.87 Amu
99+
Volume atom
15.00 cm3 / mol
34
19.90 cm3 / mol
20
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
58.00 (-eV)
24
46.10 (-eV)
34
Constant pola
330.90 pm
99+
363.60 pm
32
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
1.59
7
1.59
9
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
2.99 g / cm 3
99+
7.90 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
2.80 g / cm3
99+
7.40 g / cm3
31
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
22
0.00 (Pa)
30
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
91.30 (Pa)
3
7.39 (Pa)
9
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
29.10 GPA
24
21.80 GPA
33
pengaturan akeh
56.60 GPA
21
37.90 GPA
34
Young kang pengaturan
74.40 GPA
26
54.80 GPA
35
Poisson rasio
0.28
18
0.26
23
Properties Teknik liyane
NA
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
2.99
99+
7.90
40
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
Ferromagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
resistivity
562.00 nΩ · m
10
1.31 nΩ · m
99+
konduktivitas listrik
0.02 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
elektron Affinity
18.10 kJ / mol
33
50.00 kJ / mol
21
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.60 J / (kg K)
8
0.23 J / (kg K)
27
Graham Kapasitas kalor
25.52 J / mol · K
37
37.03 J / mol · K
2
doyo termal
15.80 W / m · K
99+
10.60 W / m · K
99+
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
10.20 μm / (m · K)
39
9.40 μm / (m · K)
99+
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
314.20 kJ / mol
28
359.40 kJ / mol
21
Enthalpy saka Fusion
14.10 kJ / mol
25
10.05 kJ / mol
36
Enthalpy saka atomization
343.00 kJ / mol
28
352.00 kJ / mol
27
Standard molar Entropy
34.60 J / mol.K
99+
68.10 J / mol.K
16
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