tembaga mungsuh Lead
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Cu
Pb
Panggil Group
11
7
14
4
Panggil periode
4
6
Block
d block
p pemblokiran
Family unsur
transisi Metal
Transisi Post-
CAS Number
7440508
37
7439921
99+
Jeneng papan Group
Fm_ 3M
Fm_ 3M
Space Group Number
225.00
2
225.00
2
facts
Facts Interesting
- Tembaga arang ditemokaké ing wangun murni ing alam.
- Tembaga Sulfat biasane digunakake ing racun tetanèn lan minangka algicide ing sistem banyu dimurnèkaké.
- Galena Mineral ngandhut meh 87% saka logam Lead ing, Galena punika sulfide Mineral.
- Sumber kasedhiya paling saka logam Lead dina iku dening ulang batre automobile.
sumber
Found in Minerals
bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores logam, Ores saka Minerals
History
Discovery
Ing Timur Tengah (9000 SM)
Ing Tengah Easterns (7000 SM)
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
6 * 10-6 %
12
1 * 10-6 %
16
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.00007 %
12
~0.000001 %
18
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.01 %
13
0.00 %
23
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.01 %
17
0.00 %
26
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
8
0.00 %
22
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
0.00 %
9
0.00 %
8
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- Iku digunakake kanggo koin lan bullion.
- Akèh unsur tembaga digunakake ing Manufaktur Alat listrik lan elektronik kayata wirings lan komponen. Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké ing construction lan mesin industri.
- Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké ing insecticides, alami rambute lan minangka aditif anti-nuthuk kanggo bensin. Nanging kabeh iki dilarang déning pamaréntah minangka logam Lead dikenal kanggo ngrugekake kanggo kesehatan.
Ulah Industrial
Industri Kimia, Industry Elektronik
Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
NA
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Ulah liyane
wesi, koin, Jewellery
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
non Toxic
Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ya
Sang
1.01 Sang / mg dm-3
8
0.21 Sang / mg dm-3
11
ing Bone
26.00 ppm
12
30.00 ppm
10
fisik Properties
leleh Point
1,084.62 ° C
40
327.50 ° C
99+
Boiling Point
2,562.00 ° C
99+
1,740.00 ° C
99+
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
tembaga
Gray
luster
NA
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
3.00
12
1.50
18
Brinell atose
235.00 MPa
38
38.00 MPa
99+
Vickers atose
343.00 MPa
28
ora Sumadhiya
Kacepetan swara
3,810.00 m / s
19
1,190.00 m / s
99+
Properties Optical
reflectivity
90.00 %
3
ora Sumadhiya
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Cu
Pb
isotop
Isotop dikenal
29
10
35
4
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.90
11
1.87
13
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
1.98
9
2.29
4
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.75
3
1.55
11
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
1.49
14
2.41
2
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.85
9
1.85
8
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10
99+
1.67
99+
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
745.50 kJ / mol
22
715.60 kJ / mol
31
Level Energy 2
1,957.90 kJ / mol
15
1,450.50 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
3,555.00 kJ / mol
15
3,081.50 kJ / mol
23
Level Energy 4
5,536.00 kJ / mol
12
4,083.00 kJ / mol
35
Level Energy 5th
7,700.00 kJ / mol
11
6,640.00 kJ / mol
20
Level Energy 6th
9,900.00 kJ / mol
10
ora Sumadhiya
tingkat Energy 7
13,400.00 kJ / mol
7
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 8
16,000.00 kJ / mol
9
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 9
19,200.00 kJ / mol
9
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 10th
22,400.00 kJ / mol
11
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 11
25,600.00 kJ / mol
13
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 12
35,600.00 kJ / mol
6
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 13
38,700.00 kJ / mol
6
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 14
42,000.00 kJ / mol
7
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 15
46,700.00 kJ / mol
9
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 16
50,200.00 kJ / mol
10
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 17
53,700.00 kJ / mol
12
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 18
61,100.00 kJ / mol
10
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 19
64,702.00 kJ / mol
11
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 20
163,700.00 kJ / mol
2
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 21
174,100.00 kJ / mol
2
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 22
184,900.00 kJ / mol
1
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 23rd
198,800.00 kJ / mol
1
ora Sumadhiya
padha karo elektrokimia
1.19 g / amp-day
99+
3.87 g / amp-day
9
Fungsi Work elektron
4.65 eV
11
4.25 eV
21
Properties Kimia liyane
Kimia Stabilitas, Corrosion, ionisasi, kelarutan
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
atom Properties
Panggil atom
29
99+
82
34
Konfigurasi elektron
[Ar] 3d 10 4s 1
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 10 6s 2 6p 2
Struktur Crystal
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
Crystal pola
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Copper.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Lead.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
29
99+
82
34
Jumlah Neutron
35
99+
125
19
Jumlah Èlèktron
29
99+
82
34
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
128.00 pm
99+
175.00 pm
19
kovalen Radius
132.00 pm
99+
146.00 pm
38
Van der Waals Radius
140.00 pm
99+
202.00 pm
27
Bobot atom
63.55 Amu
99+
207.20 Amu
30
Volume atom
7.10 cm3 / mol
99+
18.17 cm3 / mol
27
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
34.00 (-eV)
99+
24.20 (-eV)
99+
Constant pola
361.49 pm
35
495.08 pm
16
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
8.96 g / cm 3
99+
11.34 g / cm 3
33
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
8.02 g / cm3
27
10.66 g / cm3
15
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
12.00 MPa
20
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
1.53 (Pa)
8
1.64 (Pa)
7
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
48.00 GPA
15
5.60 GPA
99+
pengaturan akeh
140.00 GPA
12
46.00 GPA
24
Young kang pengaturan
120.00 GPA
17
16.00 GPA
99+
Poisson rasio
0.34
10
0.44
3
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
8.89
34
11.35
25
Nindakake Magnetic
diamagnetic
diamagnetic
permeabilitas
1.256629 * 10-6 H / m
5
ora Sumadhiya
kelemahan
-9.63 * 10-6
4
ora Sumadhiya
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman miskin
resistivity
16.78 nΩ · m
99+
208.00 nΩ · m
16
konduktivitas listrik
0.60 10 6 / cm Ω
2
0.05 10 6 / cm Ω
36
elektron Affinity
222.80 kJ / mol
1
35.10 kJ / mol
28
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.38 J / (kg K)
15
0.13 J / (kg K)
39
Graham Kapasitas kalor
24.44 J / mol · K
99+
26.65 J / mol · K
26
doyo termal
401.00 W / m · K
2
35.30 W / m · K
38
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
16.50 μm / (m · K)
25
28.90 μm / (m · K)
13
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
283.70 kJ / mol
33
179.40 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka Fusion
7.11 kJ / mol
99+
4.77 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka atomization
338.90 kJ / mol
29
194.60 kJ / mol
99+
Standard molar Entropy
33.20 J / mol.K
99+
64.80 J / mol.K
17
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