Thallium mungsuh Gadolinium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Tl
Gd
Panggil Group
13
5
0
18
Panggil periode
6
6
Block
p pemblokiran
pemblokiran f
Family unsur
Transisi Post-
lanthanide
CAS Number
7440280
99+
7440542
33
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- Senyawa saka logam Thallium Highly Toxic.
- metal Thallium lagi seng di tuduh minangka karsinogen manungsa.
- Gadolinium ora ketemu gratis ing alam, Empu iku ora logam native.
- metal Gadolinium ditemokaké ing mineral Monazite lan bastnaesite.
sumber
Found Minangka By-produk, Ores logam, Ores saka Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
sing katutup
William Crookes
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
Discovery
ing 1861
ing taun 1880
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
5 * 10-9 %
32
2 * 10-7 %
22
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000001 %
26
~0.0000002 %
25
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
34
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
30
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
34
0.00 %
38
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
Character length exceed error
- wesi uga digunakake ing nggawe Magnets, komponen elektronik lan piranti panyimpenan data.
- Senyawa saka logam Gadolinium digunakake ing magnetik résonansi (MRI).
Ulah Industrial
Industri Kimia
Industry Aerospace, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
Medical Research
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
Highly Toxic
non Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ora
Sang
0.00 Sang / mg dm-3
34
ora Sumadhiya
ing Bone
0.00 ppm
33
ora Sumadhiya
fisik Properties
leleh Point
303.50 ° C
99+
1,311.00 ° C
35
Boiling Point
1,457.00 ° C
99+
3,233.00 ° C
25
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
perak Putih
luster
NA
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
1.20
20
ora Sumadhiya
Brinell atose
26.50 MPa
99+
ora Sumadhiya
Vickers atose
ora Sumadhiya
510.00 MPa
22
Kacepetan swara
818.00 m / s
99+
2,680.00 m / s
34
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Tl
Gd
isotop
Isotop dikenal
32
7
26
13
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.62
21
1.20
39
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
2.25
5
ora Sumadhiya
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.44
17
1.11
29
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
1.96
6
ora Sumadhiya
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.79
13
ora Sumadhiya
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.38
33
2.80
15
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
589.40 kJ / mol
99+
593.40 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,971.00 kJ / mol
14
1,170.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
2,878.00 kJ / mol
32
1,990.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
ora Sumadhiya
4,250.00 kJ / mol
30
padha karo elektrokimia
7.63 g / amp-day
2
1.96 g / amp-day
32
Fungsi Work elektron
3.84 eV
28
3.10 eV
35
Properties Kimia liyane
Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
atom Properties
Panggil atom
81
35
64
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 10 6s 2 6p 1
[Xe] 4F 7 5d 1 6s 2
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Gadolinium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
81
35
64
99+
Jumlah Neutron
123
20
93
37
Jumlah Èlèktron
81
35
64
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
170.00 pm
22
180.00 pm
14
kovalen Radius
145.00 pm
39
196.00 pm
14
Van der Waals Radius
196.00 pm
30
237.00 pm
15
Bobot atom
204.38 Amu
31
47.87 Amu
99+
Volume atom
17.20 cm3 / mol
31
19.90 cm3 / mol
20
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
9.60 (-eV)
99+
46.10 (-eV)
34
Constant pola
345.66 pm
99+
363.60 pm
32
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
1.60
6
1.59
9
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
11.85 g / cm 3
31
7.90 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
11.22 g / cm3
13
7.40 g / cm3
31
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
16.90 (Pa)
5
0.00 (Pa)
30
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
ora Sumadhiya
7.39 (Pa)
9
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
2.80 GPA
99+
21.80 GPA
33
pengaturan akeh
43.00 GPA
28
37.90 GPA
34
Young kang pengaturan
8.00 GPA
99+
54.80 GPA
35
Poisson rasio
0.45
2
0.26
23
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, Sectile
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
11.85
22
7.90
40
Nindakake Magnetic
diamagnetic
Ferromagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
resistivity
0.18 nΩ · m
99+
1.31 nΩ · m
99+
konduktivitas listrik
0.06 10 6 / cm Ω
32
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
elektron Affinity
19.20 kJ / mol
32
50.00 kJ / mol
21
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.13 J / (kg K)
39
0.23 J / (kg K)
27
Graham Kapasitas kalor
26.32 J / mol · K
29
37.03 J / mol · K
2
doyo termal
46.10 W / m · K
33
10.60 W / m · K
99+
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
29.90 μm / (m · K)
12
9.40 μm / (m · K)
99+
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
162.10 kJ / mol
99+
359.40 kJ / mol
21
Enthalpy saka Fusion
4.27 kJ / mol
99+
10.05 kJ / mol
36
Enthalpy saka atomization
179.90 kJ / mol
99+
352.00 kJ / mol
27
Standard molar Entropy
64.20 J / mol.K
19
68.10 J / mol.K
16
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