thulium

Tin

thulium mungsuh Tin

thulium

Tin

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

ora Sumadhiya14

0 17

2.5 Panggil periode

2 7

2.6 Block

pemblokiran f

p pemblokiran

2.7 Family unsur

lanthanide

Transisi Post-

2.8 CAS Number

74403047440315

7429905 54386242

2.9 Jeneng papan Group

P63 / mmc

I41 / AMD

2.10 Space Group Number

194.00141.00

11 229

3 facts

3.1 Facts Interesting

Thulium logam bisa nolak karat amarga hawa sing garing.
Mung TM-169 isotop saka logam Thulium kelakon alamiah.

Ing dhaptar paling unsur KALUBÈRAN timah ditingkat 49.
metal Tin ora nanggepi karo banyu uga ora corrode ing.

3.2 sumber

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals

Found in Minerals, Mining

3.3 History

3.3.1 sing katutup

Per Teodor Cleve

Unknown

3.3.2 Discovery

ing taun 1879

Sadurunge 3500 BC

3.4 turah mbrawah

3.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

1 * 10^-8 %4 * 10^-7 %

5E-09 0.11

3.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~0.00000002 %~0.0000009 %

1E-08 0.1

3.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.00 %0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

4.1.1 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.00 %0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

4.2.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

0.00 %0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

4.2.8 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

ora Sumadhiya0.00 %

1E-13 1.4

5 ulah

5.1 Ulah lan Wuku

Thulium metal ngasilaké isotop sing mancaraken sinar-X. isotop iki digunakake ing mesin X-ray.
Thulium unsur uga digunakake ing peralatan Surgical kaya laser.

alloy Tin-niobium digunakake kanggo prodhuksi superconducting wesi sembrani.
uyah Tin dikenal minangka klorida timah II, kang digunakake minangka mordant lan reduktor kanggo dyeing calico lan sutra.

5.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industry automobile, Industri Kimia, Industri Pangan

5.1.2 Ulah Medical

Dentistry

5.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research

5.2 Properties biologi

5.2.1 keracunan

Unknown

non Toxic

5.2.3 Saiki ing badan Human

Ora

5.2.4 Sang

ora Sumadhiya0.38 Sang / mg dm-3

0 1970

6.1.2 ing Bone

ora Sumadhiya1.40 ppm

0 170000

7 fisik

7.1 leleh Point

1,545.00 ° C231.90 ° C

27 3410

7.3 Boiling Point

1,730.00 ° C2,270.00 ° C

147 5660

7.4 katon

7.4.1 State fisik

Solid

7.4.2 warna

perak Gray

perak Putih

7.4.3 luster

metallic

7.5 atose

7.5.1 Mohs atose

ora Sumadhiya1.50

0.2 8.5

7.8.1 Brinell atose

471.00 MPa50.00 MPa

0.14 3490

7.8.3 Vickers atose

520.00 MPaora Sumadhiya

121 3430

8.2 Kacepetan swara

ora Sumadhiya2,730.00 m / s

818 16200

8.7 Properties Optical

8.7.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

8.8.2 reflectivity

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58 97

8.9 allotropes

Ora

8.9.2 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)

8.9.3 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

Putih Tin (Beta Tin)

8.9.4 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)

9 Kimia

9.1 Formula Kimia

9.2 isotop

9.2.1 Isotop dikenal

3235

0 38

10.3 keelektronegatifan

10.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

1.251.96

0.7 2.54

10.5.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya1.49

0.22 2.56

10.5.5 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.111.72

0.86 1.82

10.5.7 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya2.21

0.62 2.48

10.6.2 Allen Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya1.82

0.659 2.7

10.8 Electropositivity

10.8.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.752.04

1.46 3.3

10.12 tenogo ionisasi

10.12.1 Level Energy 1st

596.70 kJ / mol708.60 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

10.13.1 Level Energy 2

1,160.00 kJ / mol1,411.80 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

11.1.2 Level Energy 3rd

2,285.00 kJ / mol2,943.00 kJ / mol

1600 34230

11.1.4 Level Energy 4

4,120.00 kJ / mol3,930.30 kJ / mol

2780 37066

11.1.7 Level Energy 5th

ora Sumadhiya7,456.00 kJ / mol

4305.2 97510

11.2.1 Level Energy 6th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

5715.8 105800

11.3.1 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

7226.8 114300

11.4.3 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

8857.4 125300

11.4.6 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

14110 134700

11.5.3 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

17100 144300

11.5.6 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

19900 169988

11.5.9 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

22219 189368

12.1.2 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26930 76015

12.1.7 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

29196 86450

12.2.5 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

41987 97510

12.2.9 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

47206 109480

13.1.2 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

52737 122200

13.2.1 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58570 134810

13.3.2 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

64702 148700

13.5.1 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

80400 171200

13.6.3 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

87000 179100

13.6.5 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

93400 184900

13.6.8 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

98420 198800

13.6.11 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

13.6.13 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

13.7.1 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

13.7.3 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

13.7.4 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

13.7.6 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

13.7.7 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

13.9 padha karo elektrokimia

2.10 g / amp-day1.11 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

13.10 Fungsi Work elektron

ora Sumadhiya4.42 eV

2.14 5.65

13.12 Properties Kimia liyane

ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan

ionisasi, kelarutan

14 atom

14.1 Panggil atom

6950

3 117

15.2 Konfigurasi elektron

[Xe] 4F ¹³ 6s ²

[Kr] 4d ¹⁰ 5S ² 5p ²

15.3 Struktur Crystal

Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)

Tetragonal (TETR)

15.3.1 Crystal pola

15.4 atom

15.4.1 Jumlah proton

6950

3 117

15.7.2 Jumlah Neutron

10069

4 184

15.7.4 Jumlah Èlèktron

6950

3 117

15.8 Radius saka Atom

15.8.1 Radius atom

176.00 pm140.00 pm

112 265

15.8.2 kovalen Radius

160.00 pm139.00 pm

96 260

15.9.2 Van der Waals Radius

ora Sumadhiya217.00 pm

139 348

15.10 Bobot atom

168.93 Amu118.71 Amu

6.94 294

15.11 Volume atom

18.10 cm3 / mol16.30 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

15.13 Nomer atom jejer

15.13.1 unsur Previous

15.13.2 Sabanjure unsur

15.14 Potensi Valence Electron

49.70 (-eV)83.50 (-eV)

8 392.42

15.16 Constant pola

353.75 pm583.18 pm

228.58 891.25

15.19 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

π/2, π/2, π/2

15.20 Pola C / A rasio

1.57ora Sumadhiya

1.567 1.886

16 Teknik

16.1 Kapadhetan

16.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

9.32 g / cm ³7.37 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

16.2.1 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

8.56 g / cm36.99 g / cm3

0.512 20

17.2 Strength tensile

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

2.5 11000

17.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

17.4 meksa beluk

17.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

0.06 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

17.5.1 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

2.62E-10 774

17.6 situs kelenturan

17.6.1 nyukur pengaturan

30.50 GPA18.00 GPA

1.3 222

17.7.1 pengaturan akeh

44.50 GPA58.00 GPA

1.6 462

17.8.2 Young kang pengaturan

74.00 GPA50.00 GPA

1.7 528

17.9 Poisson rasio

0.210.36

0.032 0.47

17.11 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile, malleable

18 Magnetic

18.1 Ciri Magnetic

18.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

9.327.31

0.53 4500

18.1.3 Nindakake Magnetic

paramagnetic

diamagnetic

18.1.4 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

18.1.6 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

18.2 Properties Listrik

18.2.1 Property Listrik

Arman

superconductor

18.2.2 resistivity

676.00 nΩ · m115.00 nΩ · m

0.18 961

18.3.1 konduktivitas listrik

0.02 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.09 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

2.1.3 elektron Affinity

50.00 kJ / mol107.30 kJ / mol

0 222.8

3 termal

3.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.16 J / (kg K)0.23 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

3.6 Graham Kapasitas kalor

27.03 J / mol · K27.11 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

3.9 doyo termal

16.90 W / m · K66.80 W / m · K

6.3 429

4.5 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

5.2 Expansion termal

13.30 μm / (m · K)22.00 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

5.5 enthalpy

5.5.1 Enthalpy panguapan

191.00 kJ / mol290.40 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

5.7.1 Enthalpy saka Fusion

16.80 kJ / mol7.03 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

6.2.4 Enthalpy saka atomization

247.00 kJ / mol301.30 kJ / mol

61.5 837

7.2 Standard molar Entropy

74.00 J / mol.K51.20 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

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