Tin mungsuh Lead
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Sn
Pb
Panggil Group
14
4
14
4
Panggil periode
5
6
Block
p pemblokiran
p pemblokiran
Family unsur
Transisi Post-
Transisi Post-
CAS Number
7440315
99+
7439921
99+
Jeneng papan Group
I41 / AMD
Fm_ 3M
Space Group Number
141.00
7
225.00
2
facts
Facts Interesting
- Ing dhaptar paling unsur KALUBÈRAN timah ditingkat 49.
- metal Tin ora nanggepi karo banyu uga ora corrode ing.
- Galena Mineral ngandhut meh 87% saka logam Lead ing, Galena punika sulfide Mineral.
- Sumber kasedhiya paling saka logam Lead dina iku dening ulang batre automobile.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining
bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores logam, Ores saka Minerals
History
Discovery
Sadurunge 3500 BC
Ing Tengah Easterns (7000 SM)
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
4 * 10-7 %
20
1 * 10-6 %
16
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000009 %
19
~0.000001 %
18
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
24
0.00 %
23
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
34
0.00 %
26
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
26
0.00 %
22
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
0.00 %
13
0.00 %
8
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- alloy Tin-niobium digunakake kanggo prodhuksi superconducting wesi sembrani.
- uyah Tin dikenal minangka klorida timah II, kang digunakake minangka mordant lan reduktor kanggo dyeing calico lan sutra.
- Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké ing insecticides, alami rambute lan minangka aditif anti-nuthuk kanggo bensin. Nanging kabeh iki dilarang déning pamaréntah minangka logam Lead dikenal kanggo ngrugekake kanggo kesehatan.
Ulah Industrial
Industry automobile, Industri Kimia, Industri Pangan
Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
Dentistry
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Ulah liyane
NA
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
non Toxic
Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ya
Sang
0.38 Sang / mg dm-3
10
0.21 Sang / mg dm-3
11
ing Bone
1.40 ppm
16
30.00 ppm
10
fisik Properties
leleh Point
231.90 ° C
99+
327.50 ° C
99+
Boiling Point
2,270.00 ° C
99+
1,740.00 ° C
99+
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
Gray
luster
NA
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
1.50
18
1.50
18
Brinell atose
50.00 MPa
99+
38.00 MPa
99+
Kacepetan swara
2,730.00 m / s
32
1,190.00 m / s
99+
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ya
Ora
α allotropes
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
Putih Tin (Beta Tin)
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Sn
Pb
isotop
Isotop dikenal
35
4
35
4
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.96
8
1.87
13
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
1.49
15
2.29
4
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.72
4
1.55
11
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
2.21
3
2.41
2
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.82
11
1.85
8
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.04
99+
1.67
99+
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
708.60 kJ / mol
33
715.60 kJ / mol
31
Level Energy 2
1,411.80 kJ / mol
99+
1,450.50 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
2,943.00 kJ / mol
30
3,081.50 kJ / mol
23
Level Energy 4
3,930.30 kJ / mol
99+
4,083.00 kJ / mol
35
Level Energy 5th
7,456.00 kJ / mol
13
6,640.00 kJ / mol
20
padha karo elektrokimia
1.11 g / amp-day
99+
3.87 g / amp-day
9
Fungsi Work elektron
4.42 eV
16
4.25 eV
21
Properties Kimia liyane
ionisasi, kelarutan
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
atom Properties
Panggil atom
50
99+
82
34
Konfigurasi elektron
[Kr] 4d 10 5S 2 5p 2
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 10 6s 2 6p 2
Struktur Crystal
Tetragonal (TETR)
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
Crystal pola
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Lead.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
50
99+
82
34
Jumlah Neutron
69
99+
125
19
Jumlah Èlèktron
50
99+
82
34
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
140.00 pm
38
175.00 pm
19
kovalen Radius
139.00 pm
99+
146.00 pm
38
Van der Waals Radius
217.00 pm
23
202.00 pm
27
Bobot atom
118.71 Amu
99+
207.20 Amu
30
Volume atom
16.30 cm3 / mol
32
18.17 cm3 / mol
27
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
83.50 (-eV)
14
24.20 (-eV)
99+
Constant pola
583.18 pm
7
495.08 pm
16
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
7.37 g / cm 3
99+
11.34 g / cm 3
33
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
6.99 g / cm3
34
10.66 g / cm3
15
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
12.00 MPa
20
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
17
1.64 (Pa)
7
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
18.00 GPA
36
5.60 GPA
99+
pengaturan akeh
58.00 GPA
20
46.00 GPA
24
Young kang pengaturan
50.00 GPA
36
16.00 GPA
99+
Poisson rasio
0.36
8
0.44
3
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
7.31
99+
11.35
25
Nindakake Magnetic
diamagnetic
diamagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
superconductor
Arman miskin
resistivity
115.00 nΩ · m
28
208.00 nΩ · m
16
konduktivitas listrik
0.09 10 6 / cm Ω
23
0.05 10 6 / cm Ω
36
elektron Affinity
107.30 kJ / mol
8
35.10 kJ / mol
28
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.23 J / (kg K)
28
0.13 J / (kg K)
39
Graham Kapasitas kalor
27.11 J / mol · K
20
26.65 J / mol · K
26
doyo termal
66.80 W / m · K
25
35.30 W / m · K
38
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
22.00 μm / (m · K)
20
28.90 μm / (m · K)
13
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
290.40 kJ / mol
32
179.40 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka Fusion
7.03 kJ / mol
99+
4.77 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka atomization
301.30 kJ / mol
35
194.60 kJ / mol
99+
Standard molar Entropy
51.20 J / mol.K
29
64.80 J / mol.K
17
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