Zirconium mungsuh Gadolinium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Zr
Gd
Panggil Group
4
14
0
18
Panggil periode
5
6
Block
d block
pemblokiran f
Family unsur
transisi Metal
lanthanide
CAS Number
7440677
23
7440542
33
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- Zirconium logam bisa nolak kanggo asam banget.
- Zirconium logam ditanggepi karo oksigen lan nitrogen ing atmosfer.
- Gadolinium ora ketemu gratis ing alam, Empu iku ora logam native.
- metal Gadolinium ditemokaké ing mineral Monazite lan bastnaesite.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
sing katutup
Martin Heinrich Klaproth
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
Discovery
ing taun 1789
ing taun 1880
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
5 * 10-6 %
13
2 * 10-7 %
22
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.000004 %
16
~0.0000002 %
25
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
17
0.00 %
34
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.01 %
14
0.00 %
30
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
23
0.00 %
38
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
0.00 %
15
ora Sumadhiya
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- Minangka logam ora nresep neutron; Kang digunakake ing stasiun daya nuklir.
- oxide sawijining digunakake ing keramik kuwat Ultra. Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké ing crucibles Manufaktur.
- wesi uga digunakake ing nggawe Magnets, komponen elektronik lan piranti panyimpenan data.
- Senyawa saka logam Gadolinium digunakake ing magnetik résonansi (MRI).
Ulah Industrial
Industry Aerospace, Industry amunisi
Industry Aerospace, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
NA
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
NA
non Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ora
Sang
0.01 Sang / mg dm-3
21
ora Sumadhiya
ing Bone
0.10 ppm
23
ora Sumadhiya
fisik Properties
leleh Point
1,852.00 ° C
15
1,311.00 ° C
35
Boiling Point
4,377.00 ° C
11
3,233.00 ° C
25
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
perak Putih
luster
lustrous
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
5.00
8
ora Sumadhiya
Brinell atose
638.00 MPa
19
ora Sumadhiya
Vickers atose
820.00 MPa
15
510.00 MPa
22
Kacepetan swara
3,800.00 m / s
20
2,680.00 m / s
34
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Zr
Gd
isotop
Isotop dikenal
24
15
26
13
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.33
30
1.20
39
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
0.90
25
ora Sumadhiya
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.22
26
1.11
29
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.32
34
ora Sumadhiya
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.67
24
2.80
15
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
640.10 kJ / mol
99+
593.40 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,270.00 kJ / mol
99+
1,170.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
2,218.00 kJ / mol
99+
1,990.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
3,313.00 kJ / mol
99+
4,250.00 kJ / mol
30
Level Energy 5th
7,752.00 kJ / mol
10
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 6th
9,500.00 kJ / mol
15
ora Sumadhiya
padha karo elektrokimia
0.85 g / amp-day
99+
1.96 g / amp-day
32
Fungsi Work elektron
4.05 eV
26
3.10 eV
35
Properties Kimia liyane
anti Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
atom Properties
Panggil atom
40
99+
64
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Kr] 4d 2 5S 2
[Xe] 4F 7 5d 1 6s 2
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zirconium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Gadolinium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
40
99+
64
99+
Jumlah Neutron
51
99+
93
37
Jumlah Èlèktron
40
99+
64
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
160.00 pm
27
180.00 pm
14
kovalen Radius
175.00 pm
23
196.00 pm
14
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
237.00 pm
15
Bobot atom
91.22 Amu
99+
47.87 Amu
99+
Volume atom
14.10 cm3 / mol
36
19.90 cm3 / mol
20
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
80.00 (-eV)
18
46.10 (-eV)
34
Constant pola
323.20 pm
99+
363.60 pm
32
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
1.59
8
1.59
9
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
6.52 g / cm 3
99+
7.90 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
5.80 g / cm3
99+
7.40 g / cm3
31
Strength tensile
330.00 MPa
12
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 (Pa)
30
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
21
7.39 (Pa)
9
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
33.00 GPA
20
21.80 GPA
33
pengaturan akeh
91.10 GPA
17
37.90 GPA
34
Young kang pengaturan
88.00 GPA
22
54.80 GPA
35
Poisson rasio
0.34
10
0.26
23
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
6.51
99+
7.90
40
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
Ferromagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
resistivity
421.00 nΩ · m
11
1.31 nΩ · m
99+
konduktivitas listrik
0.02 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
elektron Affinity
41.10 kJ / mol
27
50.00 kJ / mol
21
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.27 J / (kg K)
19
0.23 J / (kg K)
27
Graham Kapasitas kalor
25.36 J / mol · K
99+
37.03 J / mol · K
2
doyo termal
22.60 W / m · K
99+
10.60 W / m · K
99+
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
5.70 μm / (m · K)
99+
9.40 μm / (m · K)
99+
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
581.60 kJ / mol
9
359.40 kJ / mol
21
Enthalpy saka Fusion
20.90 kJ / mol
11
10.05 kJ / mol
36
Enthalpy saka atomization
598.00 kJ / mol
10
352.00 kJ / mol
27
Standard molar Entropy
39.00 J / mol.K
39
68.10 J / mol.K
16
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