Actinium vs Praseodymium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Ac
Pr
Group Number
Not Available
Not Available
Period Number
7
6
Block
f block
f block
Element Family
Actinide
Lanthanide
CAS Number
7440348
99+
7440100
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
225.00
2
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
Not Available
- Praseodymium metal is synthetically produced metal.
- Praseodymium is used as possible fuel for radioactive generators.
Sources
Obtained by Treating Radium with Neutrons, Ores of metals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Friedrich Oskar Giesel
Not Available
Discovery
In 1902
In 1885
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
2 * 10-7 %
22
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.0000001 %
26
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
0.00 %
40
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
0.00 %
27
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
0.00 %
39
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Actinium metal has a great source of alpha rays but it is hardly used outside research purpose.
- The main use of Praseodymium include alloys. Praseodymium –Magnesium alloy is used in aircraft engines due to its high strength.
- This metal is also used while making a permanent magnets.
Industrial Uses
NA
Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Moderately Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
Not Available
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,227.00 °C
38
935.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
3,200.00 °C
26
3,130.00 °C
27
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Grayish White
Luster
NA
Metallic
Hardness
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
481.00 MPa
24
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
400.00 MPa
25
Speed of Sound
Not Available
2,280.00 m/s
40
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ac
Pr
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
29
10
31
8
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.10
99+
1.13
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.00
36
1.07
32
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.90
10
2.87
12
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol
99+
527.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,170.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,020.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,086.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
4,700.00 kJ/mol
23
3,761.00 kJ/mol
99+
5th Energy Level
Not Available
5,551.00 kJ/mol
29
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.82 g/amp-hr
18
1.75 g/amp-hr
40
Electron Work Function
Not Available
2.70 eV
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
89
29
59
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 6d1 7s2
[Xe] 4f3 6s2
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Actinium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Praseodymium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
89
29
59
99+
Number of Neutrons
138
16
82
99+
Number of Electrons
89
29
59
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
195.00 pm
7
182.00 pm
11
Covalent Radius
Not Available
203.00 pm
9
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available
239.00 pm
14
Atomic Weight
227.00 amu
25
140.91 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
22.54 cm3/mol
11
20.80 cm3/mol
15
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
38.60 (-eV)
99+
42.64 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
567.00 pm
8
367.25 pm
29
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
1.61
4
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
10.00 g/cm3
37
6.77 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
6.50 g/cm3
39
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
25
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
13.20 (Pa)
7
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
14.80 GPa
39
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
28.80 GPa
40
Young's Modulus
Not Available
37.30 GPa
99+
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.28
16
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
10.07
28
6.77
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Unknown
Conductor
Resistivity
Not Available
0.70 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available
50.00 kJ/mol
21
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
0.19 J/(kg K)
32
Molar Heat Capacity
27.20 J/mol·K
18
27.20 J/mol·K
18
Thermal Conductivity
12.00 W/m·K
99+
12.50 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
6.70 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
296.80 kJ/mol
29
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available
6.89 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.00 kJ/mol
36
368.00 kJ/mol
24
Standard Molar Entropy
56.50 J/mol.K
25
73.20 J/mol.K
10
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