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Aluminium Aluminium Comparison


Aluminium Aluminium comparison


Periodic Table

Symbol
Al   
Al   

Group Number
13   
5
13   
5

Period Number
3   
3   

Block
p block   
p block   

Element Family
Post-​Transition   
Post-​Transition   

CAS Number
7429905   
99+
7429905   
99+

Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
Fm_ 3m   

Space Group Number
225.00   
2
225.00   
2

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Aluminum’s abundance percentage is more as it is found in more than 260 minerals.
  • Pure Aluminum always reacts with oxygen rapidly.
  • It is a good conductor of heat and electricity and used in transmission lines.
  
  • Aluminum’s abundance percentage is more as it is found in more than 260 minerals.
  • Pure Aluminum always reacts with oxygen rapidly.
  • It is a good conductor of heat and electricity and used in transmission lines.
  

Sources
By Electrolysis Process, Earth's crust, Mining   
By Electrolysis Process, Earth's crust, Mining   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Hans Christian Oersted   
Hans Christian Oersted   

Discovery
In 1825   
In 1825   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-3 %   
5
5 * 10-3 %   
5

Abundance In Sun
~0.006 %   
5
~0.006 %   
5

Abundance In Meteorites
0.91 %   
5
0.91 %   
5

Abundance In Earth's Crust
8.10 %   
1
8.10 %   
1

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
6
0.00 %   
6

Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
10
0.00 %   
10

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Aluminum is used in a various products; for example, cans, foils, kitchen utensils, window frames, beer kegs and aero plane parts, automobile parts, etc.
  
  • Aluminum is used in a various products; for example, cans, foils, kitchen utensils, window frames, beer kegs and aero plane parts, automobile parts, etc.
  

Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   

Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   

Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Non Toxic   

Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   

In Blood
0.39 Blood/mg dm-3   
9
0.39 Blood/mg dm-3   
9

In Bone
27.00 p.p.m.   
11
27.00 p.p.m.   
11

Physical Properties

Melting Point
660.37 °C   
99+
660.37 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
2,467.00 °C   
99+
2,467.00 °C   
99+

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Silvery Gray   
Silvery Gray   

Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
2.75   
13
2.75   
13

Brinell Hardness
160.00 MPa   
99+
160.00 MPa   
99+

Vickers Hardness
160.00 MPa   
35
160.00 MPa   
35

Speed of Sound
5,000.00 m/s   
10
5,000.00 m/s   
10

Optical Properties
  
  

Reflectivity
71.00 %   
10
71.00 %   
10

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Al   
Al   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
11   
27
11   
27

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.61   
22
1.61   
22

Sanderson Electronegativity
1.71   
13
1.71   
13

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.47   
14
1.47   
14

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.83   
8
1.83   
8

Allen Electronegativity
1.61   
20
1.61   
20

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.39   
32
2.39   
32

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
577.50 kJ/mol   
99+
577.50 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,816.70 kJ/mol   
19
1,816.70 kJ/mol   
19

3rd Energy Level
2,744.80 kJ/mol   
38
2,744.80 kJ/mol   
38

4th Energy Level
11,577.00 kJ/mol   
3
11,577.00 kJ/mol   
3

5th Energy Level
14,842.00 kJ/mol   
2
14,842.00 kJ/mol   
2

6th Energy Level
18,379.00 kJ/mol   
2
18,379.00 kJ/mol   
2

7th Energy level
23,326.00 kJ/mol   
2
23,326.00 kJ/mol   
2

8th Energy Level
27,465.00 kJ/mol   
2
27,465.00 kJ/mol   
2

9th Energy Level
31,853.00 kJ/mol   
2
31,853.00 kJ/mol   
2

10th Energy Level
38,473.00 kJ/mol   
4
38,473.00 kJ/mol   
4

11th Energy Level
42,647.00 kJ/mol   
5
42,647.00 kJ/mol   
5

Electrochemical Equivalent
0.34 g/amp-hr   
99+
0.34 g/amp-hr   
99+

Electron Work Function
4.28 eV   
19
4.28 eV   
19

Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
13   
99+
13   
99+

Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s2 3p1   
[Ne] 3s2 3p1   

Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   

Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Aluminium.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Aluminium.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
13   
99+
13   
99+

Number of Neutrons
14   
99+
14   
99+

Number of Electrons
13   
99+
13   
99+

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
143.00 pm   
37
143.00 pm   
37

Covalent Radius
121.00 pm   
99+
121.00 pm   
99+

Van der Waals Radius
184.00 pm   
34
184.00 pm   
34

Atomic Weight
26.98 amu   
99+
26.98 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
10.00 cm3/mol   
99+
10.00 cm3/mol   
99+

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Magnesium
  
Magnesium
  

Next Element
Potassium
  
Potassium
  

Valence Electron Potential
80.70 (-eV)   
17
80.70 (-eV)   
17

Lattice Constant
404.95 pm   
22
404.95 pm   
22

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
2.70 g/cm3   
99+
2.70 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
2.38 g/cm3   
99+
2.38 g/cm3   
99+

Tensile Strength
40.00 MPa   
19
40.00 MPa   
19

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
18
0.00 (Pa)   
18

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
26.00 GPa   
29
26.00 GPa   
29

Bulk Modulus
76.00 GPa   
18
76.00 GPa   
18

Young's Modulus
70.00 GPa   
28
70.00 GPa   
28

Poisson Ratio
0.35   
9
0.35   
9

Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Ductile, Malleable   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
2.72   
99+
2.72   
99+

Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   

Permeability
0.00 H/m   
4
0.00 H/m   
4

Susceptibility
0.00   
3
0.00   
3

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   

Resistivity
28.20 nΩ·m   
99+
28.20 nΩ·m   
99+

Electrical Conductivity
0.38 106/cm Ω   
4
0.38 106/cm Ω   
4

Electron Affinity
42.50 kJ/mol   
26
42.50 kJ/mol   
26

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.90 J/(kg K)   
5
0.90 J/(kg K)   
5

Molar Heat Capacity
24.20 J/mol·K   
99+
24.20 J/mol·K   
99+

Thermal Conductivity
237.00 W/m·K   
4
237.00 W/m·K   
4

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
23.10 µm/(m·K)   
17
23.10 µm/(m·K)   
17

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
293.70 kJ/mol   
31
293.70 kJ/mol   
31

Enthalpy of Fusion
10.67 kJ/mol   
35
10.67 kJ/mol   
35

Enthalpy of Atomization
322.20 kJ/mol   
31
322.20 kJ/mol   
31

Standard Molar Entropy
28.30 J/mol.K   
99+
28.30 J/mol.K   
99+

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