Americium Lutetium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Am
Lu
Group Number
Not Available
Not Available
Period Number
7
6
Block
f block
f block
Element Family
Actinide
Lanthanide
CAS Number
7440359
99+
7439943
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Americium metal is produced by bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons.
- Americium metal was discovered as a by-product while testing an atomic bomb (Manhattan Project).
- Metal dust of Lutetium element is highly explosive.
- Lutetium metal is corrosion resistance and acts stable in air.
Sources
Obtained By Bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso
Georges Urbain and Carl Auer von Welsbach
Discovery
In 1944
In 1906
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
1 * 10-8 %
30
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.0000001 %
26
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
0.00 %
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Americium metal is used in smoke detection alarms.
- In the future, this metal has a potential to be used in batteries of spacecrafts.
- Lutetium metal is used outside research. It has commercial uses like Industrial catalyst for cracking oil refineries of hydrocarbons .
Industrial Uses
NA
NA
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Low Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
Not Available
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
994.00 °C
99+
1,652.00 °C
19
Boiling Point
2,607.00 °C
99+
3,402.00 °C
19
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
NA
Metallic
Hardness
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
893.00 MPa
10
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
1,160.00 MPa
8
Speed of Sound
Not Available
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Am
Lu
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
16
23
35
4
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30
32
1.27
34
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20
27
1.14
28
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70
22
2.73
20
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
578.00 kJ/mol
99+
523.50 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,158.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,340.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,132.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,022.30 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
3,493.00 kJ/mol
99+
4,370.00 kJ/mol
28
5th Energy Level
Not Available
6,445.00 kJ/mol
21
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.02 g/amp-hr
17
2.18 g/amp-hr
23
Electron Work Function
Not Available
3.30 eV
33
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
95
23
71
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f7 7s2
[Xe] 6s2 4f14 5d1
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Americium.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
95
23
71
99+
Number of Neutrons
148
12
104
30
Number of Electrons
95
23
71
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
173.00 pm
21
174.00 pm
20
Covalent Radius
180.00 pm
21
187.00 pm
20
Van der Waals Radius
244.00 pm
10
221.00 pm
22
Atomic Weight
243.00 amu
20
174.97 amu
40
Atomic Volume
17.86 cm3/mol
29
17.78 cm3/mol
30
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
44.00 (-eV)
40
50.90 (-eV)
26
Lattice Constant
346.81 pm
99+
350.31 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
1.59
10
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
12.00 g/cm3
30
9.84 g/cm3
38
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
9.30 g/cm3
22
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
13
0.00 (Pa)
33
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
3.18 (Pa)
11
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
27.20 GPa
26
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
47.60 GPa
23
Young's Modulus
Not Available
68.60 GPa
30
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.26
21
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
13.67
15
9.84
29
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Unknown
Conductor
Resistivity
0.69 nΩ·m
99+
582.00 nΩ·m
9
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available
50.00 kJ/mol
21
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.11 J/(kg K)
99+
0.15 J/(kg K)
36
Molar Heat Capacity
62.70 J/mol·K
1
26.86 J/mol·K
24
Thermal Conductivity
10.00 W/m·K
99+
16.40 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
9.90 µm/(m·K)
40
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
355.90 kJ/mol
22
Enthalpy of Fusion
14.39 kJ/mol
24
18.70 kJ/mol
13
Enthalpy of Atomization
268.00 kJ/mol
40
398.00 kJ/mol
20
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available
51.00 J/mol.K
30
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