Lutetium vs Protactinium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Lu
Pa
Group Number
Not Available
Not Available
Period Number
6
7
Block
f block
f block
Element Family
Lanthanide
Actinide
CAS Number
7439943
99+
7440133
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
I4/mmm
Space Group Number
194.00
5
139.00
8
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Metal dust of Lutetium element is highly explosive.
- Lutetium metal is corrosion resistance and acts stable in air.
- Protactinium metal has 29 isotopes.
- Isotopes of Protactinium-231 used in nuclear weapon.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Uranium Ores, Mining, Ores of metals
History
Who Discovered
Georges Urbain and Carl Auer von Welsbach
William Crookes
Discovery
In 1906
In 1900
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-8 %
30
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %
26
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Lutetium metal is used outside research. It has commercial uses like Industrial catalyst for cracking oil refineries of hydrocarbons .
- Currently known uses of Protactinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
Industrial Uses
NA
NA
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
NA
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Low Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
Not Available
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
Not Available
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,652.00 °C
19
1,568.00 °C
21
Boiling Point
3,402.00 °C
19
4,027.00 °C
12
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silver
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Brinell Hardness
893.00 MPa
10
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
1,160.00 MPa
8
Not Available
Speed of Sound
Not Available
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Lu
Pa
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
35
4
27
12
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.27
34
1.50
27
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.14
28
1.14
28
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.73
20
2.50
27
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
523.50 kJ/mol
99+
568.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,340.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,128.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,022.30 kJ/mol
99+
1,814.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
4,370.00 kJ/mol
28
2,991.00 kJ/mol
99+
5th Energy Level
6,445.00 kJ/mol
21
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.18 g/amp-hr
23
1.72 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
3.30 eV
33
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
71
99+
91
27
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 6s2 4f14 5d1
[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Tetragonal (TETR)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Protactinium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
71
99+
91
27
Number of Neutrons
104
30
122
21
Number of Electrons
71
99+
91
27
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
174.00 pm
20
163.00 pm
25
Covalent Radius
187.00 pm
20
200.00 pm
11
Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm
22
243.00 pm
11
Atomic Weight
174.97 amu
40
231.04 amu
24
Atomic Volume
17.78 cm3/mol
30
15.00 cm3/mol
34
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
50.90 (-eV)
26
92.00 (-eV)
11
Lattice Constant
350.31 pm
99+
392.50 pm
23
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59
10
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
9.84 g/cm3
38
15.37 g/cm3
20
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.30 g/cm3
22
Not Available
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
33
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
3.18 (Pa)
11
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
27.20 GPa
26
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
47.60 GPa
23
Not Available
Young's Modulus
68.60 GPa
30
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
0.26
21
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Unknown
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
9.84
29
15.37
12
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
582.00 nΩ·m
9
177.00 nΩ·m
21
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
0.05 106/cm Ω
34
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
21
Not Available
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.15 J/(kg K)
36
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
Molar Heat Capacity
26.86 J/mol·K
24
Not Available
Thermal Conductivity
16.40 W/m·K
99+
47.00 W/m·K
32
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)
40
9.90 µm/(m·K)
40
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
355.90 kJ/mol
22
Not Available
Enthalpy of Fusion
18.70 kJ/mol
13
12.34 kJ/mol
28
Enthalpy of Atomization
398.00 kJ/mol
20
Not Available
Standard Molar Entropy
51.00 J/mol.K
30
198.10 J/mol.K
1
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