Americium Promethium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Am
Pm
Group Number
Not Available
Not Available
Period Number
7
6
Block
f block
f block
Element Family
Actinide
Lanthanide
CAS Number
7440359
99+
7440122
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Not Available
Space Group Number
194.00
5
Not Available
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Americium metal is produced by bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons.
- Americium metal was discovered as a by-product while testing an atomic bomb (Manhattan Project).
- Promethium metal found in Pitchblende.
- Promethium metal is highly radioactive metal.
Sources
Obtained By Bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso
Chien Shiung Wu, Emilio Segrè, Hans Bethe
Discovery
In 1944
In 1942
Abundance
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Americium metal is used in smoke detection alarms.
- In the future, this metal has a potential to be used in batteries of spacecrafts.
- It is used for research purpose. Very small amount of this metal is used in atomic batteries.
- Its radioactive decay is used for a phosphor to give off light. The light emitted is converted into electricity.
Industrial Uses
NA
NA
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
NA
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
994.00 °C
99+
1,042.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
2,607.00 °C
99+
3,000.00 °C
31
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Unknown
Luster
NA
Metallic
Hardness
Speed of Sound
Not Available
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Am
Pm
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
16
23
27
12
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30
32
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20
27
1.07
32
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70
22
Not Available
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
578.00 kJ/mol
99+
540.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,158.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,050.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,132.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,150.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
3,493.00 kJ/mol
99+
3,970.00 kJ/mol
38
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.02 g/amp-hr
17
1.80 g/amp-hr
36
Electron Work Function
Not Available
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
95
23
61
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f7 7s2
[Xe] 4f5 6s2
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Americium.jpg#100
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Promethium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
95
23
61
99+
Number of Neutrons
148
12
84
40
Number of Electrons
95
23
61
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
173.00 pm
21
183.00 pm
10
Covalent Radius
180.00 pm
21
199.00 pm
12
Van der Waals Radius
244.00 pm
10
236.00 pm
16
Atomic Weight
243.00 amu
20
145.00 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
17.86 cm3/mol
29
22.39 cm3/mol
12
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
44.00 (-eV)
40
44.10 (-eV)
39
Lattice Constant
346.81 pm
99+
Not Available
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Unknown
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
12.00 g/cm3
30
7.26 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
13
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
18.00 GPa
36
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
33.00 GPa
36
Young's Modulus
Not Available
46.00 GPa
38
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.28
17
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
13.67
15
7.26
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Unknown
Conductor
Resistivity
0.69 nΩ·m
99+
0.75 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
Not Available
Electron Affinity
Not Available
50.00 kJ/mol
21
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.11 J/(kg K)
99+
0.18 J/(kg K)
33
Molar Heat Capacity
62.70 J/mol·K
1
Not Available
Thermal Conductivity
10.00 W/m·K
99+
17.90 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
9.00 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Fusion
14.39 kJ/mol
24
7.50 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
268.00 kJ/mol
40
310.00 kJ/mol
34
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available
Not Available
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