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Americium vs Mercury

Americium
Mercury
Mercury vs Americium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Am   
Hg   
Group Number
Not Available   
12   
6
Period Number
7   
6   
Block
f block   
d block   
Element Family
Actinide   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440359   
99+
7439976   
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
R_ 3m   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
166.00   
6
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Americium metal is produced by bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons.
  • Americium metal was discovered as a by-product while testing an atomic bomb (Manhattan Project).
  
  • At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
  • A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
  • Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
  
Sources
Obtained By Bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons   
Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso   
Ancient Chinese and Indians   
Discovery
In 1944   
Before 2000 BCE   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.05 %   
9
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Americium metal is used in smoke detection alarms.
  • In the future, this metal has a potential to be used in batteries of spacecrafts.
  
  • It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
  • It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Dentistry   
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes   
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Highly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
23
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
0.45 p.p.m.   
19
Physical Properties
Melting Point
994.00 °C   
99+
Not Available   
Boiling Point
2,607.00 °C   
99+
356.58 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Liquid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silver   
Luster
NA   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
1,451.40 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
1.00   
3
Reflectivity
Not Available   
73.00 %   
8
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Am   
Hg   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
16   
23
34   
5
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30   
32
2.00   
7
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.20   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20   
27
1.44   
17
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.81   
9
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.44   
30
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70   
22
2.00   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
578.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,007.10 kJ/mol   
4
2nd Energy Level
1,158.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,810.00 kJ/mol   
20
3rd Energy Level
2,132.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3,300.00 kJ/mol   
20
4th Energy Level
3,493.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.02 g/amp-hr   
17
3.74 g/amp-hr   
10
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.49 eV   
15
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
95   
23
80   
36
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f7 7s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Americium.jpg#100   
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
95   
23
80   
36
Number of Neutrons
148   
12
121   
22
Number of Electrons
95   
23
80   
36
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
173.00 pm   
21
151.00 pm   
32
Covalent Radius
180.00 pm   
21
132.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
244.00 pm   
10
155.00 pm   
99+
Atomic Weight
243.00 amu   
20
200.59 amu   
32
Atomic Volume
17.86 cm3/mol   
29
14.82 cm3/mol   
35
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Plutonium
  
Gold
  
Next Element
Curium
  
Thallium
  
Valence Electron Potential
44.00 (-eV)   
40
28.20 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
346.81 pm   
99+
300.50 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
12.00 g/cm3   
30
13.53 g/cm3   
24
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
0.00   
1
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
13
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
13.67   
15
13.53   
16
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Unknown   
Conductor   
Resistivity
0.69 nΩ·m   
99+
961.00 nΩ·m   
1
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.11 J/(kg K)   
99+
0.14 J/(kg K)   
38
Molar Heat Capacity
62.70 J/mol·K   
1
27.98 J/mol·K   
13
Thermal Conductivity
10.00 W/m·K   
99+
8.30 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
1,750.00 K   
6
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
60.40 µm/(m·K)   
5
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
56.90 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
14.39 kJ/mol   
24
2.29 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
268.00 kJ/mol   
40
61.50 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
75.80 J/mol.K   
6
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