Americium vs Radium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Am
Ra
Group Number
Not Available
2
16
Period Number
7
7
Block
f block
s block
Element Family
Actinide
Alkaline Earth
CAS Number
7440359
99+
7440144
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00
5
229.00
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Americium metal is produced by bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons.
- Americium metal was discovered as a by-product while testing an atomic bomb (Manhattan Project).
- Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
- Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
Sources
Obtained By Bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons
Mining, Ores of metals
History
Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso
Not Available
Discovery
In 1944
In 1898
Abundance
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.00 %
20
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Americium metal is used in smoke detection alarms.
- In the future, this metal has a potential to be used in batteries of spacecrafts.
- It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
- It is used in luminous paints.
Industrial Uses
NA
NA
Medical Uses
NA
Pharmaceutical Industry
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
NA
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
Not Available
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
994.00 °C
99+
700.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
2,607.00 °C
99+
1,737.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
NA
Metallic
Hardness
Speed of Sound
Not Available
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Am
Ra
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
16
23
33
6
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30
32
0.90
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20
27
0.97
38
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
0.92
20
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
0.89
99+
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70
22
3.10
5
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
578.00 kJ/mol
99+
509.30 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,158.00 kJ/mol
99+
979.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,132.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
4th Energy Level
3,493.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.02 g/amp-hr
17
4.22 g/amp-hr
6
Electron Work Function
Not Available
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
95
23
88
30
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f7 7s2
[Rn] 7s2
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Americium.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
95
23
88
30
Number of Neutrons
148
12
138
16
Number of Electrons
95
23
88
30
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
173.00 pm
21
Not Available
Covalent Radius
180.00 pm
21
221.00 pm
3
Van der Waals Radius
244.00 pm
10
283.00 pm
4
Atomic Weight
243.00 amu
20
226.00 amu
26
Atomic Volume
17.86 cm3/mol
29
45.20 cm3/mol
4
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
44.00 (-eV)
40
20.10 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
346.81 pm
99+
514.80 pm
13
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
12.00 g/cm3
30
5.50 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
13
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
13.67
15
5.00
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Nonmagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Unknown
NA
Resistivity
0.69 nΩ·m
99+
100.00 nΩ·m
31
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
Not Available
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.11 J/(kg K)
99+
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
Molar Heat Capacity
62.70 J/mol·K
1
Not Available
Thermal Conductivity
10.00 W/m·K
99+
18.60 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
Not Available
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Fusion
14.39 kJ/mol
24
Not Available
Enthalpy of Atomization
268.00 kJ/mol
40
163.00 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available
71.00 J/mol.K
14
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