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Radium vs Americium

Radium
Americium
Americium vs Radium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ra   
Am   
Group Number
2   
16
Not Available   
Period Number
7   
7   
Block
s block   
f block   
Element Family
Alkaline Earth   
Actinide   
CAS Number
7440144   
99+
7440359   
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
P63/mmc   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
194.00   
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
  • Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
  
  • Americium metal is produced by bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons.
  • Americium metal was discovered as a by-product while testing an atomic bomb (Manhattan Project).
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals   
Obtained By Bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Not Available   
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso   
Discovery
In 1898   
In 1944   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
20
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
  • It is used in luminous paints.
  
  • Americium metal is used in smoke detection alarms.
  • In the future, this metal has a potential to be used in batteries of spacecrafts.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
NA   
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry   
NA   
Other Uses
NA   
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
No   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
Not Available   
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
700.00 °C   
99+
994.00 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
1,737.00 °C   
99+
2,607.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silvery White   
Luster
Metallic   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ra   
Am   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33   
6
16   
23
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.90   
99+
1.30   
32
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97   
38
1.20   
27
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.92   
20
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
0.89   
99+
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.10   
5
2.70   
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol   
99+
578.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
979.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,158.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
2,132.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
3,493.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.22 g/amp-hr   
6
3.02 g/amp-hr   
17
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
88   
30
95   
23
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s2   
[Rn] 5f7 7s2   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Americium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
88   
30
95   
23
Number of Neutrons
138   
16
148   
12
Number of Electrons
88   
30
95   
23
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
Not Available   
173.00 pm   
21
Covalent Radius
221.00 pm   
3
180.00 pm   
21
Van der Waals Radius
283.00 pm   
4
244.00 pm   
10
Atomic Weight
226.00 amu   
26
243.00 amu   
20
Atomic Volume
45.20 cm3/mol   
4
17.86 cm3/mol   
29
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Francium
  
Plutonium
  
Next Element
Actinium
  
Curium
  
Valence Electron Potential
20.10 (-eV)   
99+
44.00 (-eV)   
40
Lattice Constant
514.80 pm   
13
346.81 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
5.50 g/cm3   
99+
12.00 g/cm3   
30
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
13
Elasticity properties
  
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
5.00   
99+
13.67   
15
Magnetic Ordering
Nonmagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
NA   
Unknown   
Resistivity
100.00 nΩ·m   
31
0.69 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
0.11 J/(kg K)   
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
62.70 J/mol·K   
1
Thermal Conductivity
18.60 W/m·K   
99+
10.00 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
Not Available   
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
14.39 kJ/mol   
24
Enthalpy of Atomization
163.00 kJ/mol   
99+
268.00 kJ/mol   
40
Standard Molar Entropy
71.00 J/mol.K   
14
Not Available   
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