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Radium vs Americium

Radium
Americium
Americium vs Radium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ra  
Am  
Group Number
2  
16
Not Available  
Period Number
7  
7  
Block
s block  
f block  
Element Family
Alkaline Earth  
Actinide  
CAS Number
7440144  
99+
7440359  
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
229.00  
1
194.00  
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
  • Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
  
  • Americium metal is produced by bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons.
  • Americium metal was discovered as a by-product while testing an atomic bomb (Manhattan Project).
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals  
Obtained By Bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Not Available  
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso  
Discovery
In 1898  
In 1944  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
Not Available  
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
99+
Not Available  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
20
Not Available  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
  • It is used in luminous paints.
  
  • Americium metal is used in smoke detection alarms.
  • In the future, this metal has a potential to be used in batteries of spacecrafts.
  
Industrial Uses
NA  
NA  
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry  
NA  
Other Uses
NA  
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
Not Available  
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
Not Available  
0.00 p.p.m.  
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
700.00 °C  
99+
994.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
1,737.00 °C  
99+
2,607.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silvery White  
Luster
Metallic  
NA  
Hardness
  
  
Speed of Sound
Not Available  
Not Available  
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ra  
Am  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
16  
23
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.90  
99+
1.30  
32
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97  
38
1.20  
27
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.92  
20
Not Available  
Allen Electronegativity
0.89  
99+
Not Available  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.10  
5
2.70  
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
578.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
979.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,158.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
Not Available  
2,132.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available  
3,493.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.22 g/amp-hr  
6
3.02 g/amp-hr  
17
Electron Work Function
Not Available  
Not Available  
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
88  
30
95  
23
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s2  
[Rn] 5f7 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Americium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
88  
30
95  
23
Number of Neutrons
138  
16
148  
12
Number of Electrons
88  
30
95  
23
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
Not Available  
173.00 pm  
21
Covalent Radius
221.00 pm  
3
180.00 pm  
21
Van der Waals Radius
283.00 pm  
4
244.00 pm  
10
Atomic Weight
226.00 amu  
26
243.00 amu  
20
Atomic Volume
45.20 cm3/mol  
4
17.86 cm3/mol  
29
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Francium
  
Plutonium
  
Next Element
Actinium
  
Curium
  
Valence Electron Potential
20.10 (-eV)  
99+
44.00 (-eV)  
40
Lattice Constant
514.80 pm  
13
346.81 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available  
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
5.50 g/cm3  
99+
12.00 g/cm3  
30
Tensile Strength
Not Available  
Not Available  
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available  
0.00 (Pa)  
13
Elasticity properties
  
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available  
Not Available  
Other Mechanical Properties
NA  
NA  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
5.00  
99+
13.67  
15
Magnetic Ordering
Nonmagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
NA  
Unknown  
Resistivity
100.00 nΩ·m  
31
0.69 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available  
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
40
0.11 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available  
62.70 J/mol·K  
1
Thermal Conductivity
18.60 W/m·K  
99+
10.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
Not Available  
Not Available  
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available  
14.39 kJ/mol  
24
Enthalpy of Atomization
163.00 kJ/mol  
99+
268.00 kJ/mol  
40
Standard Molar Entropy
71.00 J/mol.K  
14
Not Available  
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