Group Number
Not Available
Element Family
Actinide
Post-Transition
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
C12/m1
Interesting Facts
- X-ray Diffraction- different compounds of Berkelium metals are identified using it.
Commercial uses of Berkelium metal are not yet discovered.
- Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
- It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
Sources
Bombarding Americium with Alpha Particles.
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Claude François Geoffroy
Discovery
In 1949
In 1753
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
Uses & Benefits
- This metal is very rare and has no commercial uses.
- Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
Industrial Uses
NA
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Pharmaceutical Industry
Toxicity
Unknown
Low Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
Speed of Sound
Not Available
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
Pauling Electropositivity
5th Energy Level
Not Available
6th Energy Level
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
Electron Work Function
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f9 7s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Berkelium.jpg#100
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100
Covalent Radius
Not Available
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available
Atomic Volume
Not Available
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
NA
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Shear Modulus
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
Young's Modulus
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Permeability
Not Available
Susceptibility
Not Available
Electrical Property
Conductor
Semiconductor
Resistivity
Not Available
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
Electron Affinity
Not Available
Specific Heat
Not Available
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available