Berkelium vs Iridium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Bk
Ir
Group Number
Not Available
9
9
Period Number
7
6
Block
f block
d block
Element Family
Actinide
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440406
99+
7439885
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00
5
225.00
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
- X-ray Diffraction- different compounds of Berkelium metals are identified using it.
- Commercial uses of Berkelium metal are not yet discovered.
- Iridium element occurs as natural alloys of Platinum and Osmium.
- Iridium element is known as the most corrosion resistance metal .
Sources
Bombarding Americium with Alpha Particles.
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Smithson Tennant
Discovery
In 1949
In 1803
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
2 * 10-7 %
22
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.0000002 %
25
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
0.00 %
29
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
0.00 %
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- This metal is very rare and has no commercial uses.
- Iridium has an anti corrosion properties and it is used in special alloy with Osmium metal and that alloy is used in pen tips and compass bearings.
Industrial Uses
NA
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
NA
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Unknown
Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
Not Available
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
986.00 °C
99+
2,410.00 °C
7
Boiling Point
2,627.00 °C
40
4,527.00 °C
10
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silver
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
6.50
5
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
1,670.00 MPa
5
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
1,760.00 MPa
3
Speed of Sound
Not Available
4,825.00 m/s
13
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
Not Available
78.00 %
6
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Bk
Ir
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
14
25
34
5
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30
32
2.20
4
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20
27
1.55
11
Allen Electronegativity
2.70
1
1.68
17
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70
22
1.80
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
601.00 kJ/mol
99+
880.00 kJ/mol
9
2nd Energy Level
1,186.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,600.00 kJ/mol
35
3rd Energy Level
2,152.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
4th Energy Level
3,434.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.07 g/amp-hr
16
1.14 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available
4.55 eV
13
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
97
21
77
39
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f9 7s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Berkelium.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Iridium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
97
21
74
99+
Number of Neutrons
150
11
110
27
Number of Electrons
97
21
74
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
170.00 pm
22
136.00 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
Not Available
141.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available
202.00 pm
27
Atomic Weight
247.00 amu
18
192.22 amu
34
Atomic Volume
Not Available
9.53 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
45.50 (-eV)
36
140.00 (-eV)
5
Lattice Constant
341.60 pm
99+
383.90 pm
26
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
14.78 g/cm3
22
22.56 g/cm3
10
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
13.25 g/cm3
11
19.00 g/cm3
3
Tensile Strength
Not Available
2,000.00 MPa
2
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
25
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
210.00 GPa
2
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
320.00 GPa
3
Young's Modulus
Not Available
528.00 GPa
1
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.26
22
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
14.00
14
21.78
3
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
Not Available
47.10 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
0.19 106/cm Ω
10
Electron Affinity
Not Available
151.00 kJ/mol
4
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
Not Available
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
25.10 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
10.00 W/m·K
99+
147.00 W/m·K
10
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
6.40 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
799.10 kJ/mol
1
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available
35.23 kJ/mol
1
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available
837.00 kJ/mol
1
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available
35.50 J/mol.K
99+
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