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Berkelium vs Tungsten

Berkelium
Tungsten
Tungsten vs Berkelium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Bk   
W   
Group Number
Not Available   
6   
12
Period Number
7   
6   
Block
f block   
d block   
Element Family
Actinide   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440406   
99+
7440337   
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • X-ray Diffraction- different compounds of Berkelium metals are identified using it.
    Commercial uses of Berkelium metal are not yet discovered.
  
  • Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
  • Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
  
Sources
Bombarding Americium with Alpha Particles.   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory   
Not Available   
Discovery
In 1949   
In 1781   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
5 * 10-8 %   
27
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.0000004 %   
23
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
39
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.00 %   
39
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
18
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • This metal is very rare and has no commercial uses.
  
  • Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
  • Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
NA   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Unknown   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
31
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
0.00 p.p.m.   
35
Physical Properties
Melting Point
986.00 °C   
99+
3,410.00 °C   
1
Boiling Point
2,627.00 °C   
40
5,660.00 °C   
1
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
Grayish White   
Luster
Metallic   
Lustrous   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
7.50   
2
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
2,000.00 MPa   
4
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
3,430.00 MPa   
1
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
4,620.00 m/s   
16
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
62.00 %   
13
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Bk   
W   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
14   
25
33   
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30   
32
2.36   
2
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
0.98   
23
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20   
27
1.40   
19
Allen Electronegativity
2.70   
1
1.47   
29
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70   
22
1.64   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
601.00 kJ/mol   
99+
770.00 kJ/mol   
16
2nd Energy Level
1,186.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,700.00 kJ/mol   
29
3rd Energy Level
2,152.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
4th Energy Level
3,434.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.07 g/amp-hr   
16
1.14 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.55 eV   
13
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
97   
21
74   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f9 7s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Berkelium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
97   
21
74   
99+
Number of Neutrons
150   
11
110   
27
Number of Electrons
97   
21
74   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
170.00 pm   
22
139.00 pm   
39
Covalent Radius
Not Available   
162.00 pm   
29
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available   
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
247.00 amu   
18
183.84 amu   
37
Atomic Volume
Not Available   
9.53 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Curium
  
Tantalum
  
Next Element
Californium
  
Rhenium
  
Valence Electron Potential
45.50 (-eV)   
36
140.00 (-eV)   
5
Lattice Constant
341.60 pm   
99+
316.52 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
14.78 g/cm3   
22
19.25 g/cm3   
16
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
13.25 g/cm3   
11
17.60 g/cm3   
5
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
370.00 MPa   
10
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
32
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
161.00 GPa   
5
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
310.00 GPa   
4
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
411.00 GPa   
4
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.28   
17
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
14.00   
14
19.22   
9
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Superconductor   
Resistivity
Not Available   
52.80 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.19 106/cm Ω   
10
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
78.60 kJ/mol   
13
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
Not Available   
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
24.27 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
10.00 W/m·K   
99+
173.00 W/m·K   
7
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
4.50 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
799.10 kJ/mol   
1
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
35.23 kJ/mol   
1
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available   
837.00 kJ/mol   
1
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
32.60 J/mol.K   
99+
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