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Bohrium vs Thulium

Bohrium
Thulium
Thulium vs Bohrium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Bh  
Tm  
Group Number
7  
11
3  
15
Period Number
7  
6  
Block
d block  
f block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Lanthanide  
CAS Number
54037148  
12
7440304  
99+
Space Group Name
-  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
276.00  
1
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Bohrium metal is also known as Unnilseptium (Uns) and Nielsbohrium (Ns).
  
  • Thulium metal can resist corrosion due to dry air .
  • Only Tm-169 isotope of Thulium metal occur naturally.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Synthetically Produced  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung  
Per Teodor Cleve  
Discovery
In 1981  
In 1879  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
37
0.00 %  
31
Abundance In Sun
-  
0.00 %  
28
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Humans
-  
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Bohrium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Thulium metal produces isotopes that emits X-rays. This isotope is used in X-ray machine.
  • Thulium element is also used in Surgical equipment like laser.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Research Purposes  
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
-  
1,545.00 °C  
23
Boiling Point
0.00 °C  
99+
1,730.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
Silvery Gray  
Luster
Unknown Luster  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.00  
3
2.25  
16
Brinell Hardness
270.00 MPa  
99+
471.00 MPa  
30
Vickers Hardness
2,700.00 MPa  
4
520.00 MPa  
33
Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s  
99+
2,760.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.50  
36
1.60  
33
Reflectivity
59.00 %  
24
35.00 %  
34
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Bh  
Tm  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
5  
32
32  
7
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.00  
8
1.25  
36
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.25  
28
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.11  
30
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.25  
35
Allen Electronegativity
2.00  
6
1.25  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00  
99+
2.75  
19
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
742.90 kJ/mol  
23
596.70 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,688.50 kJ/mol  
31
1,160.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,566.50 kJ/mol  
99+
2,285.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,598.90 kJ/mol  
99+
4,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
4,727.80 kJ/mol  
99+
5,960.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
5,991.70 kJ/mol  
99+
5,960.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
7,226.80 kJ/mol  
34
5,960.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
33
5,960.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,960.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
35
5,960.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
25
5,960.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
82,700.00 kJ/mol  
4
5,960.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
29
5,960.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
17
5,960.00 kJ/mol  
35
15th Energy Level
82,000.00 kJ/mol  
14
59,600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
71,100.00 kJ/mol  
20
59,600.00 kJ/mol  
36
17th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
31
596.70 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
20
5,960.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
820.80 kJ/mol  
28
596.00 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
21
596.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
11
596.70 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
16
596.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
8
596.70 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
12
596.00 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
10
596.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
10
596.70 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
9
596.70 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
15
596.70 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
14
596.00 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
10
596.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
2.10 g/amp-hr  
30
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
2.40 eV  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
107  
11
69  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d5 7s2  
[Xe] 4f13 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Thulium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
107  
11
69  
99+
Number of Neutrons
155  
9
100  
33
Number of Electrons
107  
11
69  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
128.00 pm  
99+
176.00 pm  
20
Covalent Radius
141.00 pm  
99+
160.00 pm  
32
Van der Waals Radius
0.00 pm  
99+
227.00 pm  
26
Atomic Weight
270.00 amu  
8
168.93 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
23.70 cm3/mol  
14
18.10 cm3/mol  
40
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Seaborgium
  
Erbium
  
Next Element
Hassium
  
Ytterbium
  
Valence Electron Potential
27.20 (-eV)  
99+
49.70 (-eV)  
29
Lattice Constant
-  
353.75 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57  
99+
1.57  
40
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
37.10 g/cm3  
3
9.32 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
37.10 g/cm3  
3
8.56 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
152.00 MPa  
24
69.00 MPa  
32
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
19
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.06 (Pa)  
10
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
28.00 GPa  
32
30.50 GPa  
26
Bulk Modulus
37.00 GPa  
99+
44.50 GPa  
30
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
74.00 GPa  
29
Poisson Ratio
0.35  
9
0.21  
32
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
37.00  
5
9.32  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
-  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
11
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Conductor  
Resistivity
6.50 nΩ·m  
99+
676.00 nΩ·m  
5
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
-  
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.16 J/(kg K)  
36
Molar Heat Capacity
37.10 J/mol·K  
2
27.03 J/mol·K  
28
Thermal Conductivity
37.00 W/m·K  
36
16.90 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K  
99+
1,818.00 K  
27
Thermal Expansion
14.30 µm/(m·K)  
28
13.30 µm/(m·K)  
35
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
270.50 kJ/mol  
99+
191.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
-  
16.80 kJ/mol  
17
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
247.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
57.00 J/mol.K  
30
74.00 J/mol.K  
9
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