Periodic Table
Symbol
Ca
Pt
Group Number
210
0
17
👆🏻
Period Number
46
2
7
👆🏻
Block
s block
d block
Element Family
Alkaline Earth
Transition Metal
CAS Number
74407027440064
7429905
54386242
👆🏻
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
225.00225.00
11
229
👆🏻
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Calcium ranks 5th rank in the list of earth’s abundance Percentage.
- It is found in the compound state.
- Gypsum or calcium sulfate is used as plaster and plaster of paris.
- Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
- Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Humphry Davy
Antonio de Ulloa
Discovery
In 1808
In 1735
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.01 %0.00 %
5E-09
0.11
👆🏻
Abundance In Sun
0.01 %0.00 %
1E-08
0.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Meteorites
1.10 %0.00 %
1.7E-07
22
👆🏻
Abundance In Earth's Crust
5.00 %0.00 %
9.9E-12
8.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %NA
2E-23
1.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Humans
1.40 %NA
1E-13
1.4
👆🏻
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- It is used as a reducing agent while preparing metals like thorium and uranium. It is also used as an alloying agent for metals such as aluminum, copper & lead.
- Calcium carbonate or lime stone is used in cement.
- Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
-
Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
✔
✘
✔
✘
In Blood
60.50 Blood/mg dm-3NA
0
1970
👆🏻
In Bone
170,000.00 p.p.m.NA
0
170000
👆🏻
Physical
Melting Point
839.00 °C1,772.00 °C
27
3410
👆🏻
Boiling Point
1,484.00 °C3,827.00 °C
147
5660
👆🏻
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Gray
Silvery White
Luster
NA
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
1.753.50
0.2
8.5
👆🏻
Brinell Hardness
170.00 MPa300.00 MPa
0.14
3490
👆🏻
Vickers Hardness
NA400.00 MPa
121
3430
👆🏻
Speed of Sound
3,810.00 m/s2,800.00 m/s
818
16200
👆🏻
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
NANA
1.000933
1.7229
👆🏻
Reflectivity
NA73.00 %
58
97
👆🏻
Allotropes
✔
✘
✔
✘
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ca
Pt
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
1935
0
38
👆🏻
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.002.28
0.7
2.54
👆🏻
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.95NA
0.22
2.56
👆🏻
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.041.44
0.86
1.82
👆🏻
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.08NA
0.62
2.48
👆🏻
Allen Electronegativity
1.031.72
0.659
2.7
👆🏻
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.001.72
1.46
3.3
👆🏻
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
589.80 kJ/mol870.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
👆🏻
2nd Energy Level
1,145.40 kJ/mol1,791.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
👆🏻
3rd Energy Level
4,912.40 kJ/molNA
1600
34230
👆🏻
4th Energy Level
6,491.00 kJ/molNA
2780
37066
👆🏻
5th Energy Level
8,153.00 kJ/molNA
4305.2
97510
👆🏻
6th Energy Level
10,496.00 kJ/molNA
5715.8
105800
👆🏻
7th Energy level
12,270.00 kJ/molNA
7226.8
114300
👆🏻
8th Energy Level
14,206.00 kJ/molNA
8857.4
125300
👆🏻
9th Energy Level
18,191.00 kJ/molNA
14110
134700
👆🏻
10th Energy Level
20,385.00 kJ/molNA
17100
144300
👆🏻
11th Energy Level
57,110.00 kJ/molNA
19900
169988
👆🏻
12th Energy Level
63,410.00 kJ/molNA
22219
189368
👆🏻
13th Energy Level
70,110.00 kJ/molNA
26930
76015
👆🏻
14th Energy Level
78,890.00 kJ/molNA
29196
86450
👆🏻
15th Energy Level
86,310.00 kJ/molNA
41987
97510
👆🏻
16th Energy Level
94,000.00 kJ/molNA
47206
109480
👆🏻
17th Energy Level
104,900.00 kJ/molNA
52737
122200
👆🏻
18th Energy Level
111,711.00 kJ/molNA
58570
134810
👆🏻
19th Energy Level
NANA
64702
148700
👆🏻
20th Energy Level
NANA
80400
171200
👆🏻
21st Energy Level
NANA
87000
179100
👆🏻
22nd Energy Level
NANA
93400
184900
👆🏻
23rd Energy Level
NANA
98420
198800
👆🏻
24th Energy Level
NANA
104400
195200
👆🏻
25th Energy Level
NANA
121900
121900
👆🏻
26th Energy Level
NANA
127700
127700
👆🏻
27th Energy Level
NANA
133800
133800
👆🏻
28th Energy Level
NANA
139800
139800
👆🏻
29th Energy Level
NANA
148100
148100
👆🏻
30th Energy Level
NANA
154500
154500
👆🏻
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.75 g/amp-hr1.82 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
👆🏻
Electron Work Function
2.87 eV5.65 eV
2.14
5.65
👆🏻
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization
Atomic
Atomic Number
2078
3
117
👆🏻
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 4s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
Atom
Number of Protons
2078
3
117
👆🏻
Number of Neutrons
20117
4
184
👆🏻
Number of Electrons
2078
3
117
👆🏻
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
197.00 pm139.00 pm
112
265
👆🏻
Covalent Radius
176.00 pm136.00 pm
96
260
👆🏻
Van der Waals Radius
231.00 pm175.00 pm
139
348
👆🏻
Atomic Weight
40.08 amu47.87 amu
6.94
294
👆🏻
Atomic Volume
29.90 cm3/mol9.09 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
👆🏻
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
Next Element
Valence Electron Potential
29.00 (-eV)392.42 (-eV)
8
392.42
👆🏻
Lattice Constant
558.84 pm392.42 pm
228.58
891.25
👆🏻
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
NANA
1.567
1.886
👆🏻
Mechanical
Density
Density At Room Temperature
1.55 g/cm321.45 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
👆🏻
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.38 g/cm319.77 g/cm3
0.512
20
👆🏻
Tensile Strength
NA125.00 MPa
2.5
11000
👆🏻
Viscosity
NANA
0.001526
0.001526
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
25.50 (Pa)NA
2.47E-11
121
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NA0.07 (Pa)
2.62E-10
774
👆🏻
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
7.40 GPa61.00 GPa
1.3
222
👆🏻
Bulk Modulus
17.00 GPa230.00 GPa
1.6
462
👆🏻
Young's Modulus
20.00 GPa168.00 GPa
1.7
528
👆🏻
Poisson Ratio
0.310.38
0.032
0.47
👆🏻
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
4.5821.45
0.53
4500
👆🏻
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Permeability
NA0.00 H/m
1.25643E-06
0.0063
👆🏻
Susceptibility
NANA
-0.000166
200000
👆🏻
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
33.60 nΩ·m105.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
👆🏻
Electrical Conductivity
0.30 106/cm Ω0.10 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
👆🏻
Electron Affinity
2.37 kJ/mol205.30 kJ/mol
0
222.8
👆🏻
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.63 J/(kg K)0.13 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
👆🏻
Molar Heat Capacity
25.93 J/mol·K25.86 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
👆🏻
Thermal Conductivity
201.00 W/m·K71.60 W/m·K
6.3
429
👆🏻
Critical Temperature
NANA
26.3
3223
👆🏻
Thermal Expansion
22.30 µm/(m·K)8.80 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
👆🏻
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
150.00 kJ/mol510.50 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Fusion
8.54 kJ/mol19.70 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Atomization
184.00 kJ/mol565.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
👆🏻
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K41.60 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1
👆🏻