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Calcium
Calcium




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What is Calcium?

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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Ca
1.2 Group Number
Tennessine
2
Rank: 16 (Overall)
Gadolinium
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1.3 Period Number
Uranium
4
Rank: 4 (Overall)
Lithium
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1.4 Block
s block
1.5 Element Family
Alkaline Earth
1.6 CAS Number
Roentgenium
7440702
Rank: 21 (Overall)
Aluminium
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1.7 Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
1.8 Space Group Number
Sodium
225.00
Rank: 2 (Overall)
Plutonium
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2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Calcium ranks 5th rank in the list of earth’s abundance Percentage.
  • It is found in the compound state.
  • Gypsum or calcium sulfate is used as plaster and plaster of paris.
2.2 Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Humphry Davy
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1808
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
Iron
7 * 10-3 %
Rank: 3 (Overall)
Thallium
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2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
Iron
~0.007 %
Rank: 4 (Overall)
Beryllium
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2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
Iron
1.10 %
Rank: 4 (Overall)
Gold
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2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
Aluminium
5.00 %
Rank: 3 (Overall)
Radium
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2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
Sodium
0.00 %
Rank: 5 (Overall)
Protactinium
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2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
Calcium
1.40 %
Rank: 1 (Overall)
Radium
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3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • It is used as a reducing agent while preparing metals like thorium and uranium. It is also used as an alloying agent for metals such as aluminum, copper & lead.
  • Calcium carbonate or lime stone is used in cement.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Non Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
83% Alkaline Earth Metals Metals have it !
3.2.3 In Blood
Sodium
60.50 Blood/mg dm-3
Rank: 4 (Overall)
Plutonium
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3.2.4 In Bone
Calcium
170,000.00 p.p.m.
Rank: 1 (Overall)
Plutonium
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4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
Tungsten
839.00 °C
Rank: 52 (Overall)
Francium
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4.2 Boiling Point
Tungsten
1,484.00 °C
Rank: 58 (Overall)
Flerovium
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4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Gray
4.3.3 Luster
NA
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
Chromium
1.75
Rank: 17 (Overall)
Cesium
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4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
Osmium
170.00 MPa
Rank: 44 (Overall)
Cesium
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4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
Tungsten
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Palladium
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4.5 Speed of Sound
Technetium
3,810.00 m/s
Rank: 19 (Overall)
Thallium
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4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
Palladium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Mercury
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4.6.2 Reflectivity
Silver
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
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4.7 Allotropes
No Alkaline Earth Metals Metals has it !
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Ca
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
Palladium
19
Rank: 20 (Overall)
Tennessine
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5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
Gold
1.00
Rank: 45 (Overall)
Francium
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5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
Cobalt
0.95
Rank: 24 (Overall)
Cesium
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5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Gallium
1.04
Rank: 34 (Overall)
Cesium
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5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Polonium
1.08
Rank: 17 (Overall)
Cesium
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5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
Berkelium
1.03
Rank: 39 (Overall)
Cesium
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5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
Francium
3.00
Rank: 9 (Overall)
Gold
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5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
Chromium
589.80 kJ/mol
Rank: 57 (Overall)
Cesium
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5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
Chromium
1,145.40 kJ/mol
Rank: 69 (Overall)
Ruthenium
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5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
Chromium
4,912.40 kJ/mol
Rank: 7 (Overall)
Osmium
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5.5.4 4th Energy Level
Chromium
6,491.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 7 (Overall)
Thorium
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5.5.5 5th Energy Level
Chromium
8,153.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 7 (Overall)
Dubnium
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5.5.6 6th Energy Level
Chromium
10,496.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 8 (Overall)
Seaborgium
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5.5.7 7th Energy level
Chromium
12,270.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 12 (Overall)
Bohrium
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5.5.8 8th Energy Level
Chromium
14,206.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 15 (Overall)
Hassium
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5.5.9 9th Energy Level
Chromium
18,191.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 12 (Overall)
Yttrium
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5.5.10 10th Energy Level
Chromium
20,385.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 16 (Overall)
Strontium
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5.5.11 11th Energy Level
Magnesium
57,110.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 3 (Overall)
Yttrium
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5.5.12 12th Energy Level
Magnesium
63,410.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 3 (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.13 13th Energy Level
Titanium
70,110.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 3 (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.14 14th Energy Level
Vanadium
78,890.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 4 (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.15 15th Energy Level
Chromium
86,310.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 5 (Overall)
Manganese
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5.5.16 16th Energy Level
Manganese
94,000.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 6 (Overall)
Iron
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5.5.17 17th Energy Level
Iron
104,900.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 7 (Overall)
Cobalt
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5.5.18 18th Energy Level
Cobalt
111,711.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 8 (Overall)
Nickel
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5.5.19 19th Energy Level
Nickel
Not Available
Rank: 100 (Overall)
Copper
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5.5.20 20th Energy Level
Zinc
Not Available
Rank: 100 (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.21 21st Energy Level
Zinc
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
Copper
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
Copper
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.24 24th Energy Level
Iron
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.25 25th Energy Level
Molybdenum
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
Molybdenum
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
Molybdenum
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
Molybdenum
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
Molybdenum
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
Molybdenum
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
Francium
0.75 g/amp-hr
Rank: 64 (Overall)
Beryllium
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5.7 Electron Work Function
Platinum
2.87 eV
Rank: 38 (Overall)
Cesium
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5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
Tennessine
20
Rank: 86 (Overall)
Lithium
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6.2 Electron Configuration
[Ar] 4s2
6.3 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
Tennessine
20
Rank: 85 (Overall)
Lithium
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6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
Flerovium
20
Rank: 64 (Overall)
Lithium
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6.4.3 Number of Electrons
Tennessine
20
Rank: 85 (Overall)
Lithium
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6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
Cesium
197.00 pm
Rank: 6 (Overall)
Beryllium
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6.5.2 Covalent Radius
Francium
176.00 pm
Rank: 22 (Overall)
Beryllium
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6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
Francium
231.00 pm
Rank: 19 (Overall)
Zinc
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6.6 Atomic Weight
Tennessine
40.08 amu
Rank: 80 (Overall)
Lithium
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6.7 Atomic Volume
Cesium
29.90 cm3/mol
Rank: 7 (Overall)
Manganese
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6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
Platinum
29.00 (-eV)
Rank: 53 (Overall)
Francium
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6.10 Lattice Constant
Manganese
558.84 pm
Rank: 9 (Overall)
Beryllium
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6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
Cadmium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Beryllium
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7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
Hassium
1.55 g/cm3
Rank: 80 (Overall)
Lithium
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7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Osmium
1.38 g/cm3
Rank: 57 (Overall)
Lithium
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7.2 Tensile Strength
Iron
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Indium
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7.3 Viscosity
Mercury
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Mercury
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Strontium
25.50 (Pa)
Rank: 3 (Overall)
Cerium
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7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Chromium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Tungsten
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7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
Osmium
7.40 GPa
Rank: 45 (Overall)
Potassium
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7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
Osmium
17.00 GPa
Rank: 43 (Overall)
Cesium
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7.5.3 Young's Modulus
Iridium
20.00 GPa
Rank: 46 (Overall)
Cesium
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7.6 Poisson Ratio
Gallium
0.31
Rank: 13 (Overall)
Beryllium
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7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
NA
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
Cobalt
4.58
Rank: 57 (Overall)
Lithium
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8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
Iron
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bismuth
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8.1.4 Susceptibility
Iron
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bismuth
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8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
8.2.2 Resistivity
Mercury
33.60 nΩ·m
Rank: 48 (Overall)
Thallium
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8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
Silver
0.30 106/cm Ω
Rank: 6 (Overall)
Plutonium
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8.2.4 Electron Affinity
Gold
2.37 kJ/mol
Rank: 39 (Overall)
Mercury
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9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
Lithium
0.63 J/(kg K)
Rank: 7 (Overall)
Americium
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9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
Americium
25.93 J/mol·K
Rank: 34 (Overall)
Beryllium
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9.3 Thermal Conductivity
Silver
201.00 W/m·K
Rank: 5 (Overall)
Neptunium
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9.4 Critical Temperature
Lithium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Ytterbium
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9.5 Thermal Expansion
Cesium
22.30 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 19 (Overall)
Tungsten
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9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
Tungsten
150.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 47 (Overall)
Zinc
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9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
Tungsten
8.54 kJ/mol
Rank: 41 (Overall)
Cesium
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9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
Tungsten
184.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 46 (Overall)
Mercury
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9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
Protactinium
41.60 J/mol.K
Rank: 36 (Overall)
Beryllium
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