Symbol
Ca
Group Number
2
Rank: 16 (Overall)
0
17
👆🏻
Period Number
4
Rank: 4 (Overall)
2
7
👆🏻
Block
s block
Element Family
Alkaline Earth
CAS Number
7440702
Rank: 21 (Overall)
7429905
54386242
👆🏻
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
225.00
Rank: 3 (Overall)
11
276
👆🏻
Interesting Facts
- Calcium ranks 5th rank in the list of earth’s abundance Percentage.
- It is found in the compound state.
- Gypsum or calcium sulfate is used as plaster and plaster of paris.
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Humphry Davy
Discovery
In 1808
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.01 %
Rank: 4 (Overall)
0
0.11
👆🏻
Abundance In Sun
0.01 %
Rank: 4 (Overall)
0
0.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Meteorites
1.10 %
Rank: 4 (Overall)
0
22
👆🏻
Abundance In Earth's Crust
5.00 %
Rank: 3 (Overall)
1E-37
8.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
Rank: 5 (Overall)
0
1.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Humans
1.40 %
Rank: 1 (Overall)
0
1.4
👆🏻
Uses & Benefits
- It is used as a reducing agent while preparing metals like thorium and uranium. It is also used as an alloying agent for metals such as aluminum, copper & lead.
- Calcium carbonate or lime stone is used in cement.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
Other Uses
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
✔
✘
83% - Alkaline Earth Metals Metals have it !
In Blood
60.50 Blood/mg dm-3
Rank: 4 (Overall)
0
1970
👆🏻
In Bone
170,000.00 p.p.m.
Rank: 1 (Overall)
0
170000
👆🏻
Melting Point
839.00 °C
Rank: 52 (Overall)
-38.83
3410
👆🏻
Boiling Point
1,484.00 °C
Rank: 60 (Overall)
0
5660
👆🏻
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Color
Gray
Luster
-
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
1.75
Rank: 18 (Overall)
0.2
8.5
👆🏻
Brinell Hardness
170.00 MPa
Rank: 54 (Overall)
0.14
3490
👆🏻
Vickers Hardness
170.00 MPa
Rank: 56 (Overall)
0
3920
👆🏻
Speed of Sound
3,810.00 m/s
Rank: 26 (Overall)
818
16200
👆🏻
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.54
Rank: 35 (Overall)
0.155
3.41
👆🏻
Reflectivity
60.00 %
Rank: 23 (Overall)
5
97
👆🏻
Allotropes
✔
✘
No - Alkaline Earth Metals Metals has it !
α Allotropes
-
β Allotropes
-
γ Allotropes
-
Chemical Formula
Ca
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
19
Rank: 20 (Overall)
0
38
👆🏻
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.00
Rank: 46 (Overall)
0
2.6
👆🏻
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.95
Rank: 43 (Overall)
0.22
2.56
👆🏻
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.04
Rank: 35 (Overall)
0.86
1.9
👆🏻
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.08
Rank: 45 (Overall)
0.62
2.48
👆🏻
Allen Electronegativity
1.03
Rank: 56 (Overall)
0.659
2.7
👆🏻
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.00
Rank: 9 (Overall)
1.46
3.3
👆🏻
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
589.80 kJ/mol
Rank: 57 (Overall)
375.7
26130
👆🏻
2nd Energy Level
1,145.40 kJ/mol
Rank: 70 (Overall)
392.8
28750
👆🏻
3rd Energy Level
4,912.40 kJ/mol
Rank: 7 (Overall)
392.8
34230
👆🏻
4th Energy Level
6,491.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 15 (Overall)
375.7
37066
👆🏻
5th Energy Level
8,153.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 11 (Overall)
392
97510
👆🏻
6th Energy Level
10,496.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 14 (Overall)
1007
105800
👆🏻
7th Energy level
12,270.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 12 (Overall)
1007
114300
👆🏻
8th Energy Level
14,206.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 15 (Overall)
730
125300
👆🏻
9th Energy Level
18,191.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 12 (Overall)
1007
134700
👆🏻
10th Energy Level
20,385.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 16 (Overall)
392
144300
👆🏻
11th Energy Level
57,110.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 3 (Overall)
392
169988
👆🏻
12th Energy Level
63,410.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 9 (Overall)
0
189368
👆🏻
13th Energy Level
70,110.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 3 (Overall)
1007
76015
👆🏻
14th Energy Level
78,890.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 4 (Overall)
380
86450
👆🏻
15th Energy Level
86,310.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 11 (Overall)
33000
100700
👆🏻
16th Energy Level
94,000.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 6 (Overall)
375.7
109480
👆🏻
17th Energy Level
104,900.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 7 (Overall)
375.7
122200
👆🏻
18th Energy Level
111,711.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 8 (Overall)
0
134810
👆🏻
19th Energy Level
590.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 56 (Overall)
375.7
148700
👆🏻
20th Energy Level
590.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 53 (Overall)
0
171200
👆🏻
21st Energy Level
590.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 66 (Overall)
375.7
179100
👆🏻
22nd Energy Level
590.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 48 (Overall)
330
184900
👆🏻
23rd Energy Level
590.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 65 (Overall)
357.6
198800
👆🏻
24th Energy Level
590.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 49 (Overall)
297.3
195200
👆🏻
25th Energy Level
590.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 51 (Overall)
0
121900
👆🏻
26th Energy Level
590.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 52 (Overall)
357.6
127700
👆🏻
27th Energy Level
590.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 52 (Overall)
0
133800
👆🏻
28th Energy Level
590.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 56 (Overall)
297.3
139800
👆🏻
29th Energy Level
590.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 57 (Overall)
0
148100
👆🏻
30th Energy Level
590.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 54 (Overall)
0
154500
👆🏻
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.75 g/amp-hr
Rank: 68 (Overall)
0.16812
8.3209
👆🏻
Electron Work Function
2.87 eV
Rank: 49 (Overall)
2.14
6
👆🏻
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Number
20
Rank: 86 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 4s2
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
Atom
Number of Protons
20
Rank: 85 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Number of Neutrons
20
Rank: 65 (Overall)
4
285
👆🏻
Number of Electrons
20
Rank: 85 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
197.00 pm
Rank: 8 (Overall)
0
348
👆🏻
Covalent Radius
176.00 pm
Rank: 24 (Overall)
0
260
👆🏻
Van der Waals Radius
231.00 pm
Rank: 23 (Overall)
0
348
👆🏻
Atomic Weight
40.08 amu
Rank: 80 (Overall)
6.94
294
👆🏻
Atomic Volume
29.90 cm3/mol
Rank: 10 (Overall)
1.39
71.07
👆🏻
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
Next Element
Valence Electron Potential
29.00 (-eV)
Rank: 55 (Overall)
0
392.42
👆🏻
Lattice Constant
558.84 pm
Rank: 10 (Overall)
0
891.25
👆🏻
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.55
Rank: 46 (Overall)
0.423
1.9
👆🏻
Density
Density At Room Temperature
1.55 g/cm3
Rank: 85 (Overall)
0.534
40.7
👆🏻
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.38 g/cm3
Rank: 87 (Overall)
0.512
41
👆🏻
Tensile Strength
20.00 MPa
Rank: 46 (Overall)
0.1
11000
👆🏻
Viscosity
0.00
Rank: 6 (Overall)
1.5E-05
0.0035
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
25.50 (Pa)
Rank: 3 (Overall)
0
121
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 30 (Overall)
0
774
👆🏻
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
7.40 GPa
Rank: 56 (Overall)
1.3
222
👆🏻
Bulk Modulus
17.00 GPa
Rank: 55 (Overall)
0
462
👆🏻
Young's Modulus
20.00 GPa
Rank: 51 (Overall)
0
528
👆🏻
Poisson Ratio
0.31
Rank: 13 (Overall)
0.032
0.47
👆🏻
Other Mechanical Properties
-
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
4.58
Rank: 73 (Overall)
0.53
4500
👆🏻
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m
Rank: 9 (Overall)
1.25643E-06
0.0063
👆🏻
Susceptibility
0.00
Rank: 24 (Overall)
-0.000166
200000
👆🏻
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Resistivity
33.60 nΩ·m
Rank: 49 (Overall)
0.1
961
👆🏻
Electrical Conductivity
0.30 106/cm Ω
Rank: 6 (Overall)
0
0.63
👆🏻
Electron Affinity
2.37 kJ/mol
Rank: 45 (Overall)
0
222.8
👆🏻
Specific Heat
0.63 J/(kg K)
Rank: 7 (Overall)
0.1
3.6
👆🏻
Molar Heat Capacity
25.93 J/mol·K
Rank: 42 (Overall)
13.1
62.7
👆🏻
Thermal Conductivity
201.00 W/m·K
Rank: 5 (Overall)
0
429
👆🏻
Critical Temperature
1,115.00 K
Rank: 55 (Overall)
26.3
3695
👆🏻
Thermal Expansion
22.30 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 20 (Overall)
4.5
97
👆🏻
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
150.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 69 (Overall)
7.32
799.1
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Fusion
8.54 kJ/mol
Rank: 48 (Overall)
2.1
35.23
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Atomization
184.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 58 (Overall)
61.5
837
👆🏻
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K
Rank: 50 (Overall)
9.5
198.1
👆🏻