1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.7 Period Number
1.10 Block
1.11 Element Family
Transition Metal
Actinide
1.12 CAS Number
74404847440348
7429905
54386242
2.6 Space Group Name
2.7 Space Group Number
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
- The main source of Cobalt is as a by-product of copper and nickel metal mining.
- Cobalt metal can be obtained from other elements like Oxygen, Sulfur and Arsenic.
- It s also used in electroplating process as it exhibits anti cession properties.
Not Available
4.2 Sources
Found in Compounds, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Obtained by Treating Radium with Neutrons, Ores of metals
4.3 History
4.3.1 Who Discovered
Georg Brandt
Friedrich Oskar Giesel
4.3.2 Discovery
4.4 Abundance
4.4.1 Abundance In Universe
5.1.3 Abundance In Sun
~0.0004 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
5.4.4 Abundance In Meteorites
5.5.1 Abundance In Earth's Crust
5.7.1 Abundance In Oceans
5.8.3 Abundance In Humans
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
- Its alloys with aluminum and nickel are used to make powerful magnets.
-
Few other alloys exhibit high-temperature strength and hence they are used in Turbines of Jet and Gas engine.
- Actinium metal has a great source of alpha rays but it is hardly used outside research purpose.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
3.1.2 Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
0.04 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
1.4.1 In Bone
0.04 p.p.m.0.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
2 Physical
2.1 Melting Point
1,495.00 °C1,227.00 °C
27
3410
4.2 Boiling Point
2,870.00 °C3,200.00 °C
147
5660
5.6 Appearance
5.6.1 Physical State
5.6.2 Color
5.6.4 Luster
5.7 Hardness
5.7.1 Mohs Hardness
6.5.2 Brinell Hardness
6.11.1 Vickers Hardness
7.3 Speed of Sound
8.3 Optical Properties
8.3.1 Refractive Index
8.5.1 Reflectivity
8.8 Allotropes
8.8.1 α Allotropes
8.8.2 β Allotropes
8.9.1 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
9 Chemical
9.1 Chemical Formula
9.2 Isotopes
9.2.1 Known Isotopes
12.3 Electronegativity
12.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.1.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
3.1.1 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
3.4.1 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
4.3.2 Allen Electronegativity
5.6 Electropositivity
5.6.1 Pauling Electropositivity
5.8 Ionization Energies
5.8.1 1st Energy Level
760.40 kJ/mol499.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
6.2.5 2nd Energy Level
1,648.00 kJ/mol1,170.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
6.7.1 3rd Energy Level
3,232.00 kJ/mol1,900.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
6.8.5 4th Energy Level
4,950.00 kJ/mol4,700.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
7.2.2 5th Energy Level
7,670.00 kJ/molNA
4305.2
97510
7.4.5 6th Energy Level
9,840.00 kJ/molNA
5715.8
105800
8.1.3 7th Energy level
12,440.00 kJ/molNA
7226.8
114300
9.2.2 8th Energy Level
15,230.00 kJ/molNA
8857.4
125300
9.4.4 9th Energy Level
17,959.00 kJ/molNA
14110
134700
9.5.5 10th Energy Level
26,570.00 kJ/molNA
17100
144300
9.7.3 11th Energy Level
29,400.00 kJ/molNA
19900
169988
9.10.1 12th Energy Level
32,400.00 kJ/molNA
22219
189368
9.11.3 13th Energy Level
36,600.00 kJ/molNA
26930
76015
9.12.4 14th Energy Level
39,700.00 kJ/molNA
29196
86450
10.1.1 15th Energy Level
42,800.00 kJ/molNA
41987
97510
10.1.5 16th Energy Level
49,396.00 kJ/molNA
47206
109480
10.2.2 17th Energy Level
52,737.00 kJ/molNA
52737
122200
10.2.6 18th Energy Level
134,810.00 kJ/molNA
58570
134810
10.3.1 19th Energy Level
145,170.00 kJ/molNA
64702
148700
10.4.1 20th Energy Level
154,700.00 kJ/molNA
80400
171200
10.5.2 21st Energy Level
167,400.00 kJ/molNA
87000
179100
10.5.6 22nd Energy Level
178,100.00 kJ/molNA
93400
184900
10.6.2 23rd Energy Level
189,300.00 kJ/molNA
98420
198800
10.6.6 24th Energy Level
10.6.8 25th Energy Level
10.7.3 26th Energy Level
10.7.6 27th Energy Level
10.7.11 28th Energy Level
10.7.15 29th Energy Level
10.7.20 30th Energy Level
10.8 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.10 g/amp-hr2.82 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
10.10 Electron Work Function
10.11 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
11 Atomic
11.1 Atomic Number
11.2 Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d2 4s2
[Rn] 6d1 7s2
11.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
11.3.2 Crystal Lattice
11.4 Atom
11.4.1 Number of Protons
11.4.7 Number of Neutrons
11.4.16 Number of Electrons
11.7 Radius of an Atom
11.7.1 Atomic Radius
147.00 pm195.00 pm
112
265
11.9.1 Covalent Radius
11.9.4 Van der Waals Radius
13.2 Atomic Weight
47.87 amu227.00 amu
6.94
294
13.9 Atomic Volume
10.64 cm3/mol22.54 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
13.11 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
13.11.1 Previous Element
13.11.2 Next Element
13.12 Valence Electron Potential
95.20 (-eV)38.60 (-eV)
8
392.42
13.14 Lattice Constant
295.08 pm567.00 pm
228.58
891.25
14.2 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
14.3 Lattice C/A Ratio
15 Mechanical
15.1 Density
15.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
4.51 g/cm310.00 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
15.5.1 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.10 Tensile Strength
15.12 Viscosity
15.14 Vapor Pressure
15.14.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
16.2.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
16.3 Elasticity properties
16.3.1 Shear Modulus
16.5.1 Bulk Modulus
16.10.2 Young's Modulus
16.14 Poisson Ratio
17.4 Other Mechanical Properties
18 Magnetic
18.1 Magnetic Characteristics
18.1.1 Specific Gravity
19.2.1 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
19.3.1 Permeability
20.1.2 Susceptibility
20.7 Electrical Properties
20.7.1 Electrical Property
20.7.2 Resistivity
21.1.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm ΩNA
0.00666
0.63
21.4.1 Electron Affinity
2 Thermal
2.1 Specific Heat
0.52 J/(kg K)0.12 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
2.5 Molar Heat Capacity
25.06 J/mol·K27.20 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
2.10 Thermal Conductivity
21.90 W/m·K12.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
2.15 Critical Temperature
4.5 Thermal Expansion
1.4 Enthalpy
1.4.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
429.00 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
1.6.1 Enthalpy of Fusion
1.8.1 Enthalpy of Atomization
468.60 kJ/mol301.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
1.16 Standard Molar Entropy
27.30 J/mol.K56.50 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1