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Curium Cobalt Comparison

Curium
Cobalt
Cobalt Curium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Cm  
Co  
Group Number
3  
15
9  
9
Period Number
7  
4  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440519  
36
7440484  
38
Space Group Name
-  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Curium metal does not occur free in nature.
  • Curium metal is a synthetically produced metal.
  
  • The main source of Cobalt is as a by-product of copper and nickel metal mining.
  • Cobalt metal can be obtained from other elements like Oxygen, Sulfur and Arsenic.
  • It s also used in electroplating process as it exhibits anti cession properties.
  
Sources
Bombarding Plutonium with Helium Ions  
Found in Compounds, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Albert Ghiorso  
Georg Brandt  
Discovery
In 1944  
In 1732  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
35
0.00 %  
10
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
9
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.06 %  
10
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
21
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
20
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
20
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Curium metal is used to provide power to electrical equipment for space missions.
  
  • Its alloys with aluminum and nickel are used to make powerful magnets.
  • Few other alloys exhibit high-temperature strength and hence they are used in Turbines of Jet and Gas engine.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Pharmaceutical Industry  
Other Uses
Research Purposes  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.04 Blood/mg dm-3  
18
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.04 p.p.m.  
32
Physical
Melting Point
1,340.00 °C  
34
1,495.00 °C  
29
Boiling Point
3,110.00 °C  
31
2,870.00 °C  
35
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.00  
17
5.00  
8
Brinell Hardness
320.00 MPa  
40
470.00 MPa  
31
Vickers Hardness
461.00 MPa  
37
1,043.00 MPa  
18
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s  
99+
4,720.00 m/s  
18
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
2.50  
5
Reflectivity
60.00 %  
23
67.00 %  
16
Allotropes
No  
Yes  
α Allotropes
-  
α-Cobalt  
β Allotropes
-  
β-Cobalt  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Cm  
Co  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
15  
24
26  
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.88  
13
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
2.56  
1
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20  
28
1.70  
6
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.88  
14
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
1.84  
13
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70  
22
2.12  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
760.40 kJ/mol  
19
2nd Energy Level
1,196.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,648.00 kJ/mol  
32
3rd Energy Level
2,026.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,232.00 kJ/mol  
22
4th Energy Level
3,550.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,950.00 kJ/mol  
29
5th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,670.00 kJ/mol  
18
6th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9,840.00 kJ/mol  
18
7th Energy level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12,440.00 kJ/mol  
11
8th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15,230.00 kJ/mol  
12
9th Energy Level
6,690.00 kJ/mol  
37
17,959.00 kJ/mol  
13
10th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26,570.00 kJ/mol  
7
11th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
29,400.00 kJ/mol  
8
12th Energy Level
58,100.00 kJ/mol  
19
32,400.00 kJ/mol  
30
13th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
36,600.00 kJ/mol  
8
14th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
40
39,700.00 kJ/mol  
9
15th Energy Level
58,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
42,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
58,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
49,396.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
52,737.00 kJ/mol  
13
18th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
134,810.00 kJ/mol  
1
19th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
145,170.00 kJ/mol  
2
20th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
154,700.00 kJ/mol  
4
21st Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
20
167,400.00 kJ/mol  
4
22nd Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
178,100.00 kJ/mol  
3
23rd Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
20
189,300.00 kJ/mol  
3
24th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
760.40 kJ/mol  
17
25th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
760.40 kJ/mol  
17
26th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
760.40 kJ/mol  
17
27th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
760.40 kJ/mol  
16
28th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
760.40 kJ/mol  
22
29th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
760.40 kJ/mol  
23
30th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
760.40 kJ/mol  
17
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.07 g/amp-hr  
19
1.10 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.50 eV  
19
5.00 eV  
9
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Chemical Stability, Ionization  
Atomic
Atomic Number
96  
22
22  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f7 6d1 7s2  
[Ar] 3d2 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Curium.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cobalt.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
96  
22
22  
99+
Number of Neutrons
151  
11
26  
99+
Number of Electrons
96  
22
22  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
174.00 pm  
22
147.00 pm  
36
Covalent Radius
169.00 pm  
28
160.00 pm  
32
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
247.00 amu  
18
47.87 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
18.28 cm3/mol  
38
10.64 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Americium
  
Iron
  
Next Element
Berkelium
  
Nickel
  
Valence Electron Potential
44.50 (-eV)  
39
95.20 (-eV)  
10
Lattice Constant
336.25 pm  
99+
295.08 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.67  
11
1.26  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
13.51 g/cm3  
26
4.51 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
13.85 g/cm3  
25
4.11 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
350.00 MPa  
12
434.00 MPa  
10
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
24
0.98 (Pa)  
14
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
32.00 GPa  
24
44.00 GPa  
17
Bulk Modulus
40.00 GPa  
38
110.00 GPa  
15
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
116.00 GPa  
20
Poisson Ratio
0.35  
9
0.32  
12
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
13.51  
28
4,500.00  
1
Magnetic Ordering
Antiferromagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
3
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Poor Conductor  
Resistivity
1.25 nΩ·m  
99+
420.00 nΩ·m  
12
Electrical Conductivity
0.13 106/cm Ω  
19
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.52 J/(kg K)  
9
Molar Heat Capacity
27.50 J/mol·K  
21
25.06 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
11.00 W/m·K  
99+
21.90 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,340.00 K  
99+
1,768.00 K  
32
Thermal Expansion
11.60 µm/(m·K)  
99+
8.60 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
331.60 kJ/mol  
40
429.00 kJ/mol  
20
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.00 kJ/mol  
22
15.48 kJ/mol  
19
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
468.60 kJ/mol  
20
Standard Molar Entropy
52.50 J/mol.K  
36
27.30 J/mol.K  
99+
Summary >>
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