Cobalt Curium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Co
Cm
Group Number
9
9
Not Available
Period Number
4
7
Block
d block
f block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Actinide
CAS Number
7440484
38
7440519
36
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Not Available
Space Group Number
194.00
5
Not Available
Facts
Interesting Facts
- The main source of Cobalt is as a by-product of copper and nickel metal mining.
- Cobalt metal can be obtained from other elements like Oxygen, Sulfur and Arsenic.
- It s also used in electroplating process as it exhibits anti cession properties.
- Curium metal does not occur free in nature.
- Curium metal is a synthetically produced metal.
Sources
Found in Compounds, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Bombarding Plutonium with Helium Ions
History
Who Discovered
Georg Brandt
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Albert Ghiorso
Discovery
In 1732
In 1944
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-4 %
9
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.0004 %
9
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.06 %
10
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
21
Not Available
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
20
Not Available
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
17
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Its alloys with aluminum and nickel are used to make powerful magnets.
- Few other alloys exhibit high-temperature strength and hence they are used in Turbines of Jet and Gas engine.
- Curium metal is used to provide power to electrical equipment for space missions.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Research Purposes
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Unknown
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
In Blood
0.04 Blood/mg dm-3
18
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
0.04 p.p.m.
27
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,495.00 °C
29
1,340.00 °C
34
Boiling Point
2,870.00 °C
34
3,110.00 °C
30
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Gray
Silver
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
5.00
8
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
470.00 MPa
26
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
1,043.00 MPa
11
Not Available
Speed of Sound
4,720.00 m/s
14
Not Available
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
67.00 %
11
Not Available
Allotropes
Yes
No
α Allotropes
α-Cobalt
Not Available
β Allotropes
β-Cobalt
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Co
Cm
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
26
13
15
24
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.88
12
1.30
32
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.56
1
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.70
5
1.20
27
Allen Electronegativity
1.84
10
Not Available
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.12
99+
2.70
22
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
760.40 kJ/mol
19
581.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,648.00 kJ/mol
31
1,196.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
3,232.00 kJ/mol
22
2,026.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
4,950.00 kJ/mol
19
3,550.00 kJ/mol
99+
5th Energy Level
7,670.00 kJ/mol
12
Not Available
6th Energy Level
9,840.00 kJ/mol
12
Not Available
7th Energy level
12,440.00 kJ/mol
11
Not Available
8th Energy Level
15,230.00 kJ/mol
12
Not Available
9th Energy Level
17,959.00 kJ/mol
13
Not Available
10th Energy Level
26,570.00 kJ/mol
7
Not Available
11th Energy Level
29,400.00 kJ/mol
8
Not Available
12th Energy Level
32,400.00 kJ/mol
8
Not Available
13th Energy Level
36,600.00 kJ/mol
8
Not Available
14th Energy Level
39,700.00 kJ/mol
9
Not Available
15th Energy Level
42,800.00 kJ/mol
12
Not Available
16th Energy Level
49,396.00 kJ/mol
11
Not Available
17th Energy Level
52,737.00 kJ/mol
13
Not Available
18th Energy Level
134,810.00 kJ/mol
1
Not Available
19th Energy Level
145,170.00 kJ/mol
2
Not Available
20th Energy Level
154,700.00 kJ/mol
4
Not Available
21st Energy Level
167,400.00 kJ/mol
4
Not Available
22nd Energy Level
178,100.00 kJ/mol
3
Not Available
23rd Energy Level
189,300.00 kJ/mol
3
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.10 g/amp-hr
99+
3.07 g/amp-hr
16
Electron Work Function
5.00 eV
5
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
22
99+
96
22
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d2 4s2
[Rn] 5f7 6d1 7s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cobalt.jpg#100
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Curium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
22
99+
96
22
Number of Neutrons
26
99+
151
10
Number of Electrons
22
99+
96
22
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
147.00 pm
34
174.00 pm
20
Covalent Radius
160.00 pm
30
169.00 pm
26
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu
99+
247.00 amu
18
Atomic Volume
10.64 cm3/mol
99+
18.28 cm3/mol
26
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
95.20 (-eV)
10
44.50 (-eV)
38
Lattice Constant
295.08 pm
99+
Not Available
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
NA
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
4.51 g/cm3
99+
13.51 g/cm3
25
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.11 g/cm3
99+
13.85 g/cm3
10
Tensile Strength
434.00 MPa
9
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.98 (Pa)
14
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
44.00 GPa
17
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
110.00 GPa
15
Not Available
Young's Modulus
116.00 GPa
18
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
0.32
12
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Unknown
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
4,500.00
1
13.51
17
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Antiferromagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor
Unknown
Resistivity
420.00 nΩ·m
12
1.25 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
Not Available
Electron Affinity
7.60 kJ/mol
37
Not Available
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.52 J/(kg K)
9
Not Available
Molar Heat Capacity
25.06 J/mol·K
99+
Not Available
Thermal Conductivity
21.90 W/m·K
99+
Not Available
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
8.60 µm/(m·K)
99+
Not Available
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
429.00 kJ/mol
15
Not Available
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol
19
15.00 kJ/mol
21
Enthalpy of Atomization
468.60 kJ/mol
15
Not Available
Standard Molar Entropy
27.30 J/mol.K
99+
Not Available
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