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Curium vs Lead

Curium
Lead
Lead vs Curium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Cm  
Pb  
Group Number
3  
15
14  
4
Period Number
7  
6  
Block
f block  
p block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7440519  
36
7439921  
99+
Space Group Name
-  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Curium metal does not occur free in nature.
  • Curium metal is a synthetically produced metal.
  
  • Galena mineral contains almost 87% of Lead metal in it, Galena is sulfide mineral.
  • The best available source of Lead metal today is by recycling automobile batteries.
  
Sources
Bombarding Plutonium with Helium Ions  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Albert Ghiorso  
-  
Discovery
In 1944  
In Middle Easterns (7000 BCE)  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
35
0.00 %  
17
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
18
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
22
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
9
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Curium metal is used to provide power to electrical equipment for space missions.
  
  • It is also used in insecticides, hair dyes and as an anti-knocking additive for petrol. But all these are banned by the government as Lead metal is known for detrimental to health.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Other Uses
Research Purposes  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.21 Blood/mg dm-3  
11
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
30.00 p.p.m.  
10
Physical
Melting Point
1,340.00 °C  
34
327.50 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
3,110.00 °C  
31
1,740.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.00  
17
1.50  
19
Brinell Hardness
320.00 MPa  
40
38.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
461.00 MPa  
37
38.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s  
99+
1,190.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
2.02  
14
Reflectivity
60.00 %  
23
5.00 %  
39
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Cm  
Pb  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
15  
24
35  
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.87  
14
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
2.29  
4
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20  
28
1.55  
12
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
2.41  
2
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
1.85  
11
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70  
22
1.67  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
715.60 kJ/mol  
31
2nd Energy Level
1,196.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,450.50 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,026.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,081.50 kJ/mol  
23
4th Energy Level
3,550.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,083.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,640.00 kJ/mol  
32
6th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
36
8th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
32
9th Energy Level
6,690.00 kJ/mol  
37
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
30
10th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
34
11th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
33
12th Energy Level
58,100.00 kJ/mol  
19
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
28
14th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
40
715.60 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
58,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
71,500.00 kJ/mol  
24
16th Energy Level
58,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
71,500.00 kJ/mol  
19
17th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
715.60 kJ/mol  
40
18th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
30
19th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
715.60 kJ/mol  
37
20th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
715.00 kJ/mol  
31
21st Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
20
715.60 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
715.00 kJ/mol  
25
23rd Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
20
715.60 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
715.60 kJ/mol  
24
25th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
715.00 kJ/mol  
25
26th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
715.60 kJ/mol  
24
27th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
715.60 kJ/mol  
23
28th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
715.60 kJ/mol  
29
29th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
715.60 kJ/mol  
30
30th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
715.00 kJ/mol  
24
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.07 g/amp-hr  
19
3.87 g/amp-hr  
9
Electron Work Function
4.50 eV  
19
4.25 eV  
28
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
96  
22
82  
34
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f7 6d1 7s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2  
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Curium.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Lead.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
96  
22
82  
34
Number of Neutrons
151  
11
125  
20
Number of Electrons
96  
22
82  
34
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
174.00 pm  
22
175.00 pm  
21
Covalent Radius
169.00 pm  
28
146.00 pm  
40
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
202.00 pm  
34
Atomic Weight
247.00 amu  
18
207.20 amu  
30
Atomic Volume
18.28 cm3/mol  
38
18.17 cm3/mol  
39
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Americium
  
Thallium
  
Next Element
Berkelium
  
Bismuth
  
Valence Electron Potential
44.50 (-eV)  
39
24.20 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
336.25 pm  
99+
495.08 pm  
18
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.67  
11
1.51  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
13.51 g/cm3  
26
11.34 g/cm3  
35
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
13.85 g/cm3  
25
10.66 g/cm3  
36
Tensile Strength
350.00 MPa  
12
12.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
29
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
1.64 (Pa)  
7
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
24
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
32.00 GPa  
24
5.60 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
40.00 GPa  
38
46.00 GPa  
28
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
16.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.35  
9
0.44  
3
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
13.51  
28
11.35  
38
Magnetic Ordering
Antiferromagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
12
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
30
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Poor Conductor  
Resistivity
1.25 nΩ·m  
99+
208.00 nΩ·m  
16
Electrical Conductivity
0.13 106/cm Ω  
19
0.05 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
35.10 kJ/mol  
33
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
27.50 J/mol·K  
21
26.65 J/mol·K  
34
Thermal Conductivity
11.00 W/m·K  
99+
35.30 W/m·K  
39
Critical Temperature
1,340.00 K  
99+
600.61 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
11.60 µm/(m·K)  
99+
28.90 µm/(m·K)  
13
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
331.60 kJ/mol  
40
179.40 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.00 kJ/mol  
22
4.77 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
194.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
52.50 J/mol.K  
36
64.80 J/mol.K  
18
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