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Einsteinium vs Beryllium

Einsteinium
Beryllium
Beryllium vs Einsteinium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Es  
Be  
Group Number
13  
5
2  
16
Period Number
7  
2  
Block
f block  
s block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Alkaline Earth  
CAS Number
7429927  
99+
7440417  
99+
Space Group Name
-  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Einsteinium is the transuranic element found in US.
  • Only 0.01 mg of Einsteinium was synthesized in 1961.
  
  • Beryllium is best anti corrosion metal.
  • Beryllium is the lightest metal and still it is stronger than steel.
  • It also finds various applications in Nuclear reactors as a reflector.
  
Sources
Made by Bombarding Uranium with Neutrons  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin  
Discovery
In 1952  
In 1797  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
35
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
29
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
35
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
39
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
22
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Einsteinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Its alloys with copper or nickel are used in manufacturing Gyroscopes, springs, electrical contact and non sparking tools.
  • Beryllium Alloys are used as a material for aircraft, missiles, spacecraft and satellite.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
35
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
37
Physical
Melting Point
860.00 °C  
99+
1,278.00 °C  
36
Boiling Point
996.00 °C  
99+
2,970.00 °C  
33
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
White Gray  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
5.50  
7
Brinell Hardness
240.00 MPa  
99+
590.00 MPa  
25
Vickers Hardness
550.00 MPa  
31
1,670.00 MPa  
9
Speed of Sound
2,850.00 m/s  
40
12,890.00 m/s  
2
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
1.56  
34
Reflectivity
63.00 %  
20
65.00 %  
18
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Es  
Be  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
16  
23
9  
29
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.54  
27
1.57  
25
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.81  
15
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20  
28
1.47  
15
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.54  
24
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
1.58  
26
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70  
22
2.43  
30
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol  
99+
899.50 kJ/mol  
7
2nd Energy Level
1,216.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,757.10 kJ/mol  
24
3rd Energy Level
2,334.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14,848.70 kJ/mol  
2
4th Energy Level
3,734.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21,006.60 kJ/mol  
2
5th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
40
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
4,520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
61,900.00 kJ/mol  
12
29,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
13th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
39
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
28
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
61,900.00 kJ/mol  
40
89,900.00 kJ/mol  
5
16th Energy Level
61,900.00 kJ/mol  
30
89,900.00 kJ/mol  
8
17th Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
14
18th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,995.00 kJ/mol  
13
19th Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol  
99+
899.50 kJ/mol  
22
20th Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol  
99+
899.00 kJ/mol  
12
21st Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
15
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
26
22nd Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol  
38
899.00 kJ/mol  
10
23rd Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
15
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
31
24th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol  
40
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
26th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol  
40
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
27th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol  
99+
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol  
99+
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
30th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.74 g/amp-hr  
5
0.17 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
4.98 eV  
10
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
99  
19
4  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f11 7s2  
[He] 2s2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Einsteinium.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Beryllium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
99  
19
4  
99+
Number of Neutrons
153  
10
5  
99+
Number of Electrons
99  
19
4  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
186.00 pm  
11
112.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
186.00 pm  
21
96.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
0.00 pm  
99+
153.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
252.00 amu  
16
9.01 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
17.04 cm3/mol  
99+
5.00 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Californium
  
Lithium
  
Next Element
Fermium
  
Sodium
  
Valence Electron Potential
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
82.00 (-eV)  
15
Lattice Constant
582.00 pm  
8
228.58 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.29  
99+
1.57  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
8.84 g/cm3  
99+
1.85 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.84 g/cm3  
99+
1.69 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
0.10 MPa  
99+
287.00 MPa  
16
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
17
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
20
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
24
0.00 (Pa)  
24
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa  
27
132.00 GPa  
7
Bulk Modulus
40.00 GPa  
38
130.00 GPa  
13
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
287.00 GPa  
7
Poisson Ratio
0.33  
11
0.03  
36
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
8.84  
99+
1.85  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
12
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
11
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Semiconductor  
Resistivity
6.30 nΩ·m  
99+
36.00 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.14 106/cm Ω  
15
0.31 106/cm Ω  
5
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
1.82 J/(kg K)  
2
Molar Heat Capacity
27.20 J/mol·K  
24
16.44 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
200.00 W/m·K  
6
Critical Temperature
1,133.00 K  
99+
1,551.00 K  
39
Thermal Expansion
13.50 µm/(m·K)  
33
11.30 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
323.80 kJ/mol  
99+
294.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
14.80 kJ/mol  
24
11.72 kJ/mol  
36
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
326.40 kJ/mol  
40
Standard Molar Entropy
63.00 J/mol.K  
24
9.50 J/mol.K  
99+
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