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Hafnium
Hafnium

Ruthenium
Ruthenium



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Facts About Hafnium and Ruthenium

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1 Facts
1.1 Interesting Facts
  • Hafnium metal is highly reactive, hence not found free in nature.
  • Hafnium metal as predicated after Mendeleev finished his periodic table.
  • Ruthenium element has been extracted from used nuclear fuel.
  • Ruthenium metal also produces as a by-product of the Nickel mining.
1.2 Sources
By-product Zirconium Refining
By-product of Nickel Refining, Found in Minerals, Mining
1.3 History
1.3.1 Who Discovered
Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy
Karl Ernst Claus
1.3.2 Discovery
In 1922
In 1844
1.4 Abundance
1.4.1 Abundance In Universe
Facts About Iron
7 * 10-8 %
Rank: 25 (Overall)
4 * 10-7 %
Rank: 20 (Overall)
Facts About Thallium
1.4.2 Abundance In Sun
Facts About Iron
~0.0000001 %
Rank: 26 (Overall)
~0.0000005 %
Rank: 22 (Overall)
Facts About Beryllium
1.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
Facts About Iron
0.00 %
Rank: 37 (Overall)
0.00 %
Rank: 26 (Overall)
Facts About Gold
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1.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
Facts About Alu..
0.00 %
Rank: 31 (Overall)
0.00 %
Rank: 54 (Overall)
Facts About Radium
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1.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
Facts About Sod..
0.00 %
Rank: 27 (Overall)
0.00 %
Rank: 38 (Overall)
Facts About Protactinium
1.4.6 Abundance In Humans
Facts About Cal..
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Facts About Radium
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