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Facts About Thorium and Hafnium


Facts About Hafnium and Thorium


Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Thorium metal is used as an alternate option over Uranium for nuclear fuel.
  • Thorium metals appearance (silvery white, soft) is somewhat similar to Lead metal.
  
  • Hafnium metal is highly reactive, hence not found free in nature.
  • Hafnium metal as predicated after Mendeleev finished his periodic table.
  

Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining   
By-product Zirconium Refining   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Jöns Jakob Berzelius   
Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy   

Discovery
In 1829   
In 1922   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-4 %   
9
7 * 10-8 %   
25

Abundance In Sun
~0.0004 %   
9
~0.0000001 %   
26

Abundance In Meteorites
0.05 %   
11
0.00 %   
37

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.66 %   
7
0.00 %   
31

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
15
0.00 %   
27

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