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Fermium Beryllium Comparison

Fermium
Beryllium
Beryllium Fermium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Fm  
Be  
Group Number
3  
15
2  
16
Period Number
7  
2  
Block
f block  
s block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Alkaline Earth  
CAS Number
7440724  
19
7440417  
99+
Space Group Name
-  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Fermium metal is highly radioactive in nature.
  • Fermium is synthetically produced metal.
  
  • Beryllium is best anti corrosion metal.
  • Beryllium is the lightest metal and still it is stronger than steel.
  • It also finds various applications in Nuclear reactors as a reflector.
  
Sources
Bombarding Pu-239 with Neutrons  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin  
Discovery
In 1952  
In 1797  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
35
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
29
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
35
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
39
Abundance In Humans
-  
0.00 %  
22
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Fermium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Its alloys with copper or nickel are used in manufacturing Gyroscopes, springs, electrical contact and non sparking tools.
  • Beryllium Alloys are used as a material for aircraft, missiles, spacecraft and satellite.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
-  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
35
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
37
Physical
Melting Point
1,527.00 °C  
26
1,278.00 °C  
36
Boiling Point
0.00 °C  
99+
2,970.00 °C  
33
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
White Gray  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
5.50  
7
Brinell Hardness
500.00 MPa  
28
590.00 MPa  
25
Vickers Hardness
600.00 MPa  
28
1,670.00 MPa  
9
Speed of Sound
2,500.00 m/s  
99+
12,890.00 m/s  
2
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
1.56  
34
Reflectivity
59.00 %  
24
65.00 %  
18
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Fm  
Be  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
18  
21
9  
29
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.57  
25
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.81  
15
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20  
28
1.47  
15
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.54  
24
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
1.58  
26
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70  
22
2.43  
30
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
899.50 kJ/mol  
7
2nd Energy Level
1,225.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,757.10 kJ/mol  
24
3rd Energy Level
2,363.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14,848.70 kJ/mol  
2
4th Energy Level
3,792.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21,006.60 kJ/mol  
2
5th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
39
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
7,040.00 kJ/mol  
33
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
10
29,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
13th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
38
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
27
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
38
89,900.00 kJ/mol  
5
16th Energy Level
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
89,900.00 kJ/mol  
8
17th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
14
18th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
40
8,995.00 kJ/mol  
13
19th Energy Level
994.80 kJ/mol  
21
899.50 kJ/mol  
22
20th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
899.00 kJ/mol  
12
21st Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
26
22nd Energy Level
345.00 kJ/mol  
99+
899.00 kJ/mol  
10
23rd Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
14
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
31
24th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
38
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
40
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
26th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
39
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
27th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
30th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.20 g/amp-hr  
15
0.17 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.47 eV  
21
4.98 eV  
10
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
100  
18
4  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f12 7s2  
[He] 2s2  
Crystal Structure
Not Known  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Fermium.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Beryllium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
100  
18
4  
99+
Number of Neutrons
157  
8
5  
99+
Number of Electrons
100  
18
4  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm  
16
112.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
180.00 pm  
23
96.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
245.00 pm  
13
153.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
257.00 amu  
15
9.01 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
18.00 cm3/mol  
99+
5.00 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Einsteinium
  
Lithium
  
Next Element
Mendelevium
  
Sodium
  
Valence Electron Potential
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
82.00 (-eV)  
15
Lattice Constant
350.00 pm  
99+
228.58 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.63  
13
1.57  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
1.85 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
1.69 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
0.10 MPa  
99+
287.00 MPa  
16
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
17
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
20
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
24
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa  
27
132.00 GPa  
7
Bulk Modulus
50.00 GPa  
24
130.00 GPa  
13
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
287.00 GPa  
7
Poisson Ratio
0.35  
9
0.03  
36
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
9.70  
99+
1.85  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
-  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
16
0.00 H/m  
12
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
11
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Semiconductor  
Resistivity
7.90 nΩ·m  
99+
36.00 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.31 106/cm Ω  
5
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
1.82 J/(kg K)  
2
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
16.44 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
200.00 W/m·K  
6
Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K  
99+
1,551.00 K  
39
Thermal Expansion
11.00 µm/(m·K)  
99+
11.30 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
319.20 kJ/mol  
99+
294.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
13.30 kJ/mol  
30
11.72 kJ/mol  
36
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
326.40 kJ/mol  
40
Standard Molar Entropy
50.00 J/mol.K  
99+
9.50 J/mol.K  
99+
Summary >>
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