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Fermium vs Rhenium

Fermium
Rhenium
Rhenium vs Fermium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Fm  
Re  
Group Number
3  
15
7  
11
Period Number
7  
6  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440724  
19
7440155  
99+
Space Group Name
-  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Fermium metal is highly radioactive in nature.
  • Fermium is synthetically produced metal.
  
  • Chemical properties of Rhenium are similar to Manganese.
  • Rhenium metal is created while refining Molybdenum.
  
Sources
Bombarding Pu-239 with Neutrons  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
Masataka Ogawa  
Discovery
In 1952  
In 1908  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
35
0.00 %  
30
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
29
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
34
Abundance In Humans
-  
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Fermium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Alloys of Rhenium are used as an electric contact material. It can resist withstand arc corrosion.
  • Its catalysts are used in hydrogenation of fine chemicals. Its Alloy with nickel is used to produce turbine blades.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
-  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Low Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
1,527.00 °C  
26
3,180.00 °C  
2
Boiling Point
0.00 °C  
99+
5,627.00 °C  
2
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
Silvery Gray  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
7.00  
3
Brinell Hardness
500.00 MPa  
28
1,320.00 MPa  
8
Vickers Hardness
600.00 MPa  
28
1,350.00 MPa  
12
Speed of Sound
2,500.00 m/s  
99+
4,700.00 m/s  
19
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
1.90  
18
Reflectivity
59.00 %  
24
70.00 %  
13
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Fm  
Re  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
18  
21
33  
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.90  
12
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.90  
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20  
28
1.46  
16
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.90  
13
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
1.60  
24
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70  
22
2.10  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
760.00 kJ/mol  
20
2nd Energy Level
1,225.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,260.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,363.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,510.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,792.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,640.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
39
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
20
6th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
37
7th Energy level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
31
8th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,560.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
7,040.00 kJ/mol  
33
5,560.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
31
11th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
30
12th Energy Level
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
10
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
38
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
23
14th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
27
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
20
15th Energy Level
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
38
76,000.00 kJ/mol  
20
16th Energy Level
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
76,000.00 kJ/mol  
15
17th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
760.10 kJ/mol  
36
18th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
40
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
26
19th Energy Level
994.80 kJ/mol  
21
760.40 kJ/mol  
33
20th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
760.00 kJ/mol  
27
21st Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
760.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
345.00 kJ/mol  
99+
760.00 kJ/mol  
21
23rd Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
14
760.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
38
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
25th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
40
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
26th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
39
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
27th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
760.00 kJ/mol  
17
28th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
760.00 kJ/mol  
23
29th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
760.00 kJ/mol  
24
30th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.20 g/amp-hr  
15
0.99 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.47 eV  
21
4.96 eV  
11
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
100  
18
75  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f12 7s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Not Known  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Fermium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
100  
18
75  
40
Number of Neutrons
157  
8
111  
27
Number of Electrons
100  
18
75  
40
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm  
16
137.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
180.00 pm  
23
151.00 pm  
36
Van der Waals Radius
245.00 pm  
13
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
257.00 amu  
15
186.21 amu  
36
Atomic Volume
18.00 cm3/mol  
99+
8.85 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Einsteinium
  
Tungsten
  
Next Element
Mendelevium
  
Osmium
  
Valence Electron Potential
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
180.00 (-eV)  
3
Lattice Constant
350.00 pm  
99+
276.10 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.63  
13
1.62  
17
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
21.02 g/cm3  
12
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
18.90 g/cm3  
14
Tensile Strength
0.10 MPa  
99+
1,070.00 MPa  
3
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
40
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa  
27
178.00 GPa  
3
Bulk Modulus
50.00 GPa  
24
370.00 GPa  
2
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
463.00 GPa  
2
Poisson Ratio
0.35  
9
0.30  
14
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
9.70  
99+
21.02  
14
Magnetic Ordering
-  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
16
0.00 H/m  
8
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
26
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Conductor  
Resistivity
7.90 nΩ·m  
99+
193.00 nΩ·m  
20
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.05 106/cm Ω  
38
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14.50 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
25.48 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
48.00 W/m·K  
31
Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K  
99+
3,459.00 K  
2
Thermal Expansion
11.00 µm/(m·K)  
99+
6.20 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
319.20 kJ/mol  
99+
707.10 kJ/mol  
4
Enthalpy of Fusion
13.30 kJ/mol  
30
33.05 kJ/mol  
2
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
791.00 kJ/mol  
2
Standard Molar Entropy
50.00 J/mol.K  
99+
36.90 J/mol.K  
99+
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