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Flerovium vs Thulium


Thulium vs Flerovium


Periodic Table

Symbol
Fl  
Tm  

Group Number
14  
4
3  
15

Period Number
7  
6  

Block
p block  
f block  

Element Family
Post-​Transition  
Lanthanide  

CAS Number
54085164  
5
7440304  
99+

Space Group Name
-  
P63/mmc  

Space Group Number
198.00  
6
194.00  
7

Facts

Interesting Facts
Flerovium is named after the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions.  
  • Thulium metal can resist corrosion due to dry air .
  • Only Tm-169 isotope of Thulium metal occur naturally.
  

Sources
-  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  
Per Teodor Cleve  

Discovery
In 1999  
In 1879  

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
31

Abundance In Sun
-  
0.00 %  
28

Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+

Abundance In Earth's Crust
-  
0.00 %  
99+

Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
99+

Abundance In Humans
-  
0.00 %  
24

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Flerovium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Thulium metal produces isotopes that emits X-rays. This isotope is used in X-ray machine.
  • Thulium element is also used in Surgical equipment like laser.
  

Industrial Uses
-  
-  

Medical Uses
-  
-  

Other Uses
Alloys, Research Purposes  
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
-  
-  

Present in Human Body
No  
No  

In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37

In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+

Physical

Melting Point
67.00 °C  
99+
1,545.00 °C  
23

Boiling Point
147.00 °C  
99+
1,730.00 °C  
99+

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid  
Solid  

Color
-  
Silvery Gray  

Luster
Unknown Luster  
Metallic  

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
4.00  
11
2.25  
16

Brinell Hardness
350.00 MPa  
36
471.00 MPa  
30

Vickers Hardness
450.00 MPa  
38
520.00 MPa  
33

Speed of Sound
3,200.00 m/s  
35
2,760.00 m/s  
99+

Optical Properties
  
  

Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
1.60  
33

Reflectivity
68.00 %  
15
35.00 %  
34

Allotropes
No  
No  

α Allotropes
-  
-  

β Allotropes
-  
-  

γ Allotropes
-  
-  

Chemical

Chemical Formula
Fl  
Tm  

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
1  
34
32  
7

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
2.60  
1
1.25  
36

Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.25  
28

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.11  
30

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.25  
35

Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
1.25  
99+

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.00  
99+
2.75  
19

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
823.90 kJ/mol  
13
596.70 kJ/mol  
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,601.60 kJ/mol  
35
1,160.00 kJ/mol  
99+

3rd Energy Level
3,367.30 kJ/mol  
18
2,285.00 kJ/mol  
99+

4th Energy Level
4,399.70 kJ/mol  
37
4,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+

5th Energy Level
5,847.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,960.00 kJ/mol  
99+

6th Energy Level
11,400.00 kJ/mol  
9
5,960.00 kJ/mol  
99+

7th Energy level
5,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,960.00 kJ/mol  
99+

8th Energy Level
6,700.00 kJ/mol  
39
5,960.00 kJ/mol  
99+

9th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,960.00 kJ/mol  
99+

10th Energy Level
6,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,960.00 kJ/mol  
99+

11th Energy Level
6,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,960.00 kJ/mol  
99+

12th Energy Level
36,400.00 kJ/mol  
24
5,960.00 kJ/mol  
99+

13th Energy Level
5,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,960.00 kJ/mol  
99+

14th Energy Level
1,145.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,960.00 kJ/mol  
35

15th Energy Level
67,000.00 kJ/mol  
33
59,600.00 kJ/mol  
99+

16th Energy Level
36,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
59,600.00 kJ/mol  
36

17th Energy Level
1,144.00 kJ/mol  
17
596.70 kJ/mol  
99+

18th Energy Level
3,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,960.00 kJ/mol  
99+

19th Energy Level
1,127.50 kJ/mol  
16
596.00 kJ/mol  
99+

20th Energy Level
800.00 kJ/mol  
24
596.00 kJ/mol  
99+

21st Energy Level
670.00 kJ/mol  
99+
596.70 kJ/mol  
99+

22nd Energy Level
340.00 kJ/mol  
99+
596.00 kJ/mol  
99+

23rd Energy Level
1,120.00 kJ/mol  
34
596.70 kJ/mol  
99+

24th Energy Level
540.10 kJ/mol  
99+
596.00 kJ/mol  
99+

25th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
596.00 kJ/mol  
99+

26th Energy Level
540.10 kJ/mol  
99+
596.70 kJ/mol  
99+

27th Energy Level
540.00 kJ/mol  
99+
596.70 kJ/mol  
99+

28th Energy Level
800.00 kJ/mol  
18
596.70 kJ/mol  
99+

29th Energy Level
800.10 kJ/mol  
17
596.00 kJ/mol  
99+

30th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
596.70 kJ/mol  
99+

Electrochemical Equivalent
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
2.10 g/amp-hr  
30

Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
2.40 eV  
99+

Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  

Atomic

Atomic Number
114  
4
69  
99+

Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p2  
[Xe] 4f13 6s2  

Crystal Structure
Not Known  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  

Crystal Lattice
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Flerovium.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Thulium.jpg#100  

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
114  
4
69  
99+

Number of Neutrons
184  
2
100  
33

Number of Electrons
114  
4
69  
99+

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
180.00 pm  
16
176.00 pm  
20

Covalent Radius
171.00 pm  
26
160.00 pm  
32

Van der Waals Radius
0.00 pm  
99+
227.00 pm  
26

Atomic Weight
289.00 amu  
3
168.93 amu  
99+

Atomic Volume
14.00 cm3/mol  
99+
18.10 cm3/mol  
40

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Nihonium
  
Erbium
  

Next Element
Moscovium
  
Ytterbium
  

Valence Electron Potential
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
49.70 (-eV)  
29

Lattice Constant
-  
353.75 pm  
99+

Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  

Lattice C/A Ratio
1.60  
22
1.57  
40

Mechanical

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
14.00 g/cm3  
24
9.32 g/cm3  
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
14.00 g/cm3  
24
8.56 g/cm3  
99+

Tensile Strength
0.10 MPa  
99+
69.00 MPa  
32

Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
19

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.06 (Pa)  
10

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
37

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
35.00 GPa  
21
30.50 GPa  
26

Bulk Modulus
15.00 GPa  
99+
44.50 GPa  
30

Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
74.00 GPa  
29

Poisson Ratio
0.30  
14
0.21  
32

Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  

Magnetic

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
14.00  
25
9.32  
99+

Magnetic Ordering
-  
Paramagnetic  

Permeability
0.00 H/m  
15
0.00 H/m  
17

Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
24

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
-  
Conductor  

Resistivity
5.40 nΩ·m  
99+
676.00 nΩ·m  
5

Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+

Electron Affinity
-  
50.00 kJ/mol  
26

Thermal

Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.16 J/(kg K)  
36

Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
27.03 J/mol·K  
28

Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
16.90 W/m·K  
99+

Critical Temperature
340.00 K  
99+
1,818.00 K  
27

Thermal Expansion
7.10 µm/(m·K)  
99+
13.30 µm/(m·K)  
35

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
337.40 kJ/mol  
38
191.00 kJ/mol  
99+

Enthalpy of Fusion
14.50 kJ/mol  
26
16.80 kJ/mol  
17

Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
247.00 kJ/mol  
99+

Standard Molar Entropy
57.00 J/mol.K  
30
74.00 J/mol.K  
9

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