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Indium vs Nobelium

Indium
Nobelium
Nobelium vs Indium


Periodic Table
Symbol
In  
No  
Group Number
13  
5
3  
15
Period Number
5  
7  
Block
p block  
f block  
Element Family
Post-​Transition  
Actinide  
CAS Number
7440746  
17
10028145  
16
Space Group Name
I4/mmm  
-  
Space Group Number
139.00  
11
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Luster of Indium is bright in nature.
  • Reich and richer were looking for thallium in zinc metal and they discovered Indium metal.
  
  • The most stable isotope of Nobelium metal is No-259.
  • No-259 has a half-life of fifty-eight minutes.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals  
Bombarding Curium-246 or Curium-249 with Carbon-12 Nuclei, Found in Minerals, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter  
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research  
Discovery
In 1863  
In 1966  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
29
-  
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
23
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
16
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is used to produce indium tin oxide (ITO), it is used in manufacturing touch screens, flat screen TVs and solar panels.
  • Its nitride, phosphide and antimonide are used in transistors and microchips.
  
  • Currently known uses of Nobelium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
Medical Research  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
156.61 °C  
99+
827.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
2,000.00 °C  
99+
2,600.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray  
-  
Luster
Lustrous  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.20  
21
-  
Brinell Hardness
8.80 MPa  
99+
500.00 MPa  
28
Vickers Hardness
0.01 MPa  
99+
500.00 MPa  
35
Speed of Sound
1,215.00 m/s  
99+
1,100.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
3.41  
1
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
83.00 %  
6
61.00 %  
22
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
In  
No  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
13  
26
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.78  
17
1.30  
33
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.14  
9
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.49  
14
1.20  
28
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.76  
18
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
1.66  
21
1.10  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.22  
38
2.70  
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
642.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,820.70 kJ/mol  
19
1,254.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,704.00 kJ/mol  
40
2,643.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
5,210.00 kJ/mol  
26
3,956.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
35
6th Energy Level
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,420.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
64,000.00 kJ/mol  
8
13th Energy Level
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
36
14th Energy Level
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
26
15th Energy Level
55,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
64,000.00 kJ/mol  
36
16th Energy Level
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
64,000.00 kJ/mol  
27
17th Energy Level
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
641.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,500.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
558.00 kJ/mol  
99+
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
917.00 kJ/mol  
34
22nd Energy Level
558.00 kJ/mol  
99+
627.00 kJ/mol  
36
23rd Energy Level
5,581.00 kJ/mol  
24
6,410.00 kJ/mol  
12
24th Energy Level
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
627.00 kJ/mol  
39
25th Energy Level
558.00 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
601.20 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
641.00 kJ/mol  
37
28th Energy Level
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
641.60 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
641.00 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
558.00 kJ/mol  
99+
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.43 g/amp-hr  
99+
4.83 g/amp-hr  
4
Electron Work Function
4.12 eV  
31
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
49  
99+
102  
16
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1  
[Rn] 5f14 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)  
Not Known  
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Indium.jpg#100  
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Nobelium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
49  
99+
102  
16
Number of Neutrons
66  
99+
157  
8
Number of Electrons
49  
99+
102  
16
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
167.00 pm  
26
176.00 pm  
20
Covalent Radius
142.00 pm  
99+
157.00 pm  
33
Van der Waals Radius
193.00 pm  
38
246.00 pm  
12
Atomic Weight
114.82 amu  
99+
259.00 amu  
13
Atomic Volume
15.70 cm3/mol  
99+
19.80 cm3/mol  
33
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Cadmium
  
Mendelevium
  
Next Element
Tin
  
Lawrencium
  
Valence Electron Potential
54.00 (-eV)  
26
26.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
325.23 pm  
99+
-  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.56  
99+
1.76  
5
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.31 g/cm3  
99+
9.90 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.02 g/cm3  
99+
9.90 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
2.50 MPa  
99+
80.00 MPa  
29
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.01 (Pa)  
11
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
24
0.00 (Pa)  
28
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa  
99+
27.00 GPa  
34
Bulk Modulus
46.90 GPa  
27
8.70 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
11.00 GPa  
99+
12.30 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.44  
3
0.30  
14
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.31  
99+
9.90  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
3
Susceptibility
0.00  
34
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
83.70 nΩ·m  
34
0.68 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.12 106/cm Ω  
20
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
28.90 kJ/mol  
37
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)  
27
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
26.74 J/mol·K  
32
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
Thermal Conductivity
81.80 W/m·K  
21
0.10 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
429.75 K  
99+
1,100.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
32.10 µm/(m·K)  
9
11.00 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
226.40 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Enthalpy of Fusion
3.28 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
242.70 kJ/mol  
99+
390.40 kJ/mol  
30
Standard Molar Entropy
57.80 J/mol.K  
27
63.00 J/mol.K  
24
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