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Lanthanum
Lanthanum

Osmium
Osmium



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Lanthanum vs Osmium

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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
La
Os
1.2 Group Number
NA8
Gadolinium
0 17
1.3 Period Number
66
Lithium
2 7
1.4 Block
f block
d block
1.5 Element Family
Lanthanide
Transition Metal
1.6 CAS Number
74399107440042
Aluminium
7429905 54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
P63/mmc
P63/mmc
1.8 Space Group Number
194.00194.00
Plutonium
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Lanthanum metal is highly malleable, ductile and sectile.
  • If exposed to air Lanthanum metal oxidizes rapidly.
  • Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
  • But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
2.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Carl Gustaf Mosander
Smithson Tennant
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1838
In 1803
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %3 * 10-7 %
Thallium
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %~0.0000002 %
Beryllium
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %0.00 %
Gold
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %0.00 %
Radium
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %NA
Protactinium
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
NANA
Radium
1E-13 1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • It has no commercial uses, but its alloys are in high demand. Lanthanum and Nickel alloy is used for the hydrogen gas storage.
  • The best-known use for mischmetal alloy of Lanthanum is; as a ‘flints’ for cigarette lighters.
  • Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Low Toxic
Highly Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
NANA
Plutonium
0 1970
3.2.4 In Bone
0.08 p.p.m.NA
Plutonium
0 170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
920.00 °C3,045.00 °C
Francium
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
3,469.00 °C5,027.00 °C
Flerovium
147 5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery Bluish-Gray
4.3.3 Luster
NA
Metallic
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
2.507.00
Cesium
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
350.00 MPa3,490.00 MPa
Cesium
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
360.00 MPaNA
Palladium
121 3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
2,475.00 m/s4,940.00 m/s
Thallium
818 16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 Reflectivity
NANA
Molybdenum
58 97
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
La
Os
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
3135
Tennessine
0 38
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.102.20
Francium
0.7 2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
NANA
Cesium
0.22 2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.081.52
Cesium
0.86 1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
NANA
Cesium
0.62 2.48
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
NA1.65
Cesium
0.659 2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.901.80
Gold
1.46 3.3
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
538.10 kJ/mol840.00 kJ/mol
Cesium
375.7 26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,067.00 kJ/mol1,309.80 kJ/mol
Ruthenium
710.2162 28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
1,850.30 kJ/mol1,600.00 kJ/mol
Tin
1600 34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
4,819.00 kJ/molNA
Thorium
2780 37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
5,940.00 kJ/molNA
Dubnium
4305.2 97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
NANA
Seaborgium
5715.8 105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
NANA
Bohrium
7226.8 114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
NANA
Hassium
8857.4 125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium
14110 134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
NANA
Strontium
17100 144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium
19900 169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
22219 189368
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
26930 76015
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
29196 86450
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese
41987 97510
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron
47206 109480
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt
52737 122200
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel
58570 134810
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper
64702 148700
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
80400 171200
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
87000 179100
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
93400 184900
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
98420 198800
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
104400 195200
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
121900 121900
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
127700 127700
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
133800 133800
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
139800 139800
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
148100 148100
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
154500 154500
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.73 g/amp-hr1.77 g/amp-hr
Beryllium
0.16812 8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
3.50 eV4.83 eV
Cesium
2.14 5.65
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
5776
Lithium
3 117
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 5d2 6s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
6.3 Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
5776
Lithium
3 117
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
82114
Lithium
4 184
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
5776
Lithium
3 117
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
187.00 pm133.80 pm
Beryllium
112 265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
207.00 pmNA
Beryllium
96 260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
240.00 pm216.00 pm
Zinc
139 348
6.6 Atomic Weight
138.91 amu190.23 amu
Lithium
6.94 294
6.7 Atomic Volume
20.73 cm3/mol8.49 cm3/mol
Manganese
1.39 71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
40.71 (-eV)91.40 (-eV)
Francium
8 392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
377.20 pm273.44 pm
Beryllium
228.58 891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
1.621.58
Beryllium
1.567 1.886
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
6.16 g/cm322.59 g/cm3
Lithium
0.534 40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.94 g/cm320.00 g/cm3
Lithium
0.512 20
7.2 Tensile Strength
NA1,000.00 MPa
Indium
2.5 11000
7.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury
0.001526 0.001526
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NANA
Cerium
2.47E-11 121
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.98 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
Tungsten
2.62E-10 774
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
14.30 GPa222.00 GPa
Potassium
1.3 222
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
27.90 GPa462.00 GPa
Cesium
1.6 462
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
36.60 GPaNA
Cesium
1.7 528
7.6 Poisson Ratio
0.280.25
Beryllium
0.032 0.47
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Ductile
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
6.1722.57
Lithium
0.53 4500
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth
1.25643E-06 0.0063
8.1.4 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth
-0.000166 200000
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
8.2.2 Resistivity
615.00 nΩ·m81.20 nΩ·m
Thallium
0.18 961
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω0.11 106/cm Ω
Plutonium
0.00666 0.63
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
48.00 kJ/mol106.10 kJ/mol
Mercury
0 222.8
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)0.13 J/(kg K)
Americium
0.11 3.6
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K24.70 J/mol·K
Beryllium
16.443 62.7
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
13.40 W/m·K87.60 W/m·K
Neptunium
6.3 429
9.4 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium
26.3 3223
9.5 Thermal Expansion
12.10 µm/(m·K)5.10 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten
4.5 97
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
399.60 kJ/mol627.60 kJ/mol
Zinc
7.32 799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
6.20 kJ/mol29.30 kJ/mol
Cesium
2.1 35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
431.00 kJ/mol669.00 kJ/mol
Mercury
61.5 837
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
56.90 J/mol.K32.60 J/mol.K
Beryllium
9.5 198.1