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Lawrencium vs Cobalt


Cobalt vs Lawrencium


Periodic Table

Symbol
Lr   
Co   

Group Number
Not Available   
9   
9

Period Number
7   
4   

Block
d block   
d block   

Element Family
Actinide   
Transition Metal   

CAS Number
22537195   
15
7440484   
38

Space Group Name
Not Available   
P63/mmc   

Space Group Number
Not Available   
194.00   
5

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • It is synthetically produced metal.
  • Radiation hazard can be produce by it.
  
  • The main source of Cobalt is as a by-product of copper and nickel metal mining.
  • Cobalt metal can be obtained from other elements like Oxygen, Sulfur and Arsenic.
  • It s also used in electroplating process as it exhibits anti cession properties.
  

Sources
Bombarding Californium-252 with Boron Nuclei, Found in Minerals, Mining   
Found in Compounds, Mining, Ores of Minerals   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Joint Institute for Nuclear Research   
Georg Brandt   

Discovery
In 1961–1971   
In 1732   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
3 * 10-4 %   
9

Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.0004 %   
9

Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.06 %   
10

Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.00 %   
21

Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
20

Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
17

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Lawrencium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Its alloys with aluminum and nickel are used to make powerful magnets.
  • Few other alloys exhibit high-temperature strength and hence they are used in Turbines of Jet and Gas engine.
  

Industrial Uses
NA   
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   

Medical Uses
NA   
Pharmaceutical Industry   

Other Uses
NA   
Alloys   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Unknown   
Toxic   

Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   

In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
0.04 Blood/mg dm-3   
18

In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
0.04 p.p.m.   
27

Physical Properties

Melting Point
1,627.00 °C   
20
1,495.00 °C   
29

Boiling Point
Not Available   
2,870.00 °C   
34

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Silver   
Gray   

Luster
Unknown Luster   
Metallic   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
5.00   
8

Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
470.00 MPa   
26

Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
1,043.00 MPa   
11

Speed of Sound
Not Available   
4,720.00 m/s   
14

Optical Properties
  
  

Reflectivity
Not Available   
67.00 %   
11

Allotropes
No   
Yes   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
α-Cobalt   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
β-Cobalt   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Lr   
Co   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
10   
28
26   
13

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.88   
12

Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.56   
1

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.70   
5

Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.84   
10

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available   
2.12   
99+

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
470.00 kJ/mol   
99+
760.40 kJ/mol   
19

2nd Energy Level
1,428.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,648.00 kJ/mol   
31

3rd Energy Level
2,228.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3,232.00 kJ/mol   
22

4th Energy Level
4,910.00 kJ/mol   
21
4,950.00 kJ/mol   
19

5th Energy Level
Not Available   
7,670.00 kJ/mol   
12

6th Energy Level
Not Available   
9,840.00 kJ/mol   
12

7th Energy level
Not Available   
12,440.00 kJ/mol   
11

8th Energy Level
Not Available   
15,230.00 kJ/mol   
12

9th Energy Level
Not Available   
17,959.00 kJ/mol   
13

10th Energy Level
Not Available   
26,570.00 kJ/mol   
7

11th Energy Level
Not Available   
29,400.00 kJ/mol   
8

12th Energy Level
Not Available   
32,400.00 kJ/mol   
8

13th Energy Level
Not Available   
36,600.00 kJ/mol   
8

14th Energy Level
Not Available   
39,700.00 kJ/mol   
9

15th Energy Level
Not Available   
42,800.00 kJ/mol   
12

16th Energy Level
Not Available   
49,396.00 kJ/mol   
11

17th Energy Level
Not Available   
52,737.00 kJ/mol   
13

18th Energy Level
Not Available   
134,810.00 kJ/mol   
1

19th Energy Level
Not Available   
145,170.00 kJ/mol   
2

20th Energy Level
Not Available   
154,700.00 kJ/mol   
4

21st Energy Level
Not Available   
167,400.00 kJ/mol   
4

22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
178,100.00 kJ/mol   
3

23rd Energy Level
Not Available   
189,300.00 kJ/mol   
3

Electrochemical Equivalent
3.23 g/amp-hr   
11
1.10 g/amp-hr   
99+

Electron Work Function
Not Available   
5.00 eV   
5

Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Chemical Stability, Ionization   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
103   
15
22   
99+

Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 7s2 7p1   
[Ar] 3d2 4s2   

Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   

Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cobalt.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
103   
15
22   
99+

Number of Neutrons
157   
7
26   
99+

Number of Electrons
103   
15
22   
99+

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
Not Available   
147.00 pm   
34

Covalent Radius
Not Available   
160.00 pm   
30

Van der Waals Radius
246.00 pm   
8
200.00 pm   
28

Atomic Weight
266.00 amu   
12
47.87 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
Not Available   
10.64 cm3/mol   
99+

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Nobelium
  
Iron
  

Next Element
Nickel
  

Valence Electron Potential
Not Available   
95.20 (-eV)   
10

Lattice Constant
Not Available   
295.08 pm   
99+

Lattice Angles
NA   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
Not Available   
4.51 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
4.11 g/cm3   
99+

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
434.00 MPa   
9

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.98 (Pa)   
14

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
Not Available   
44.00 GPa   
17

Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
110.00 GPa   
15

Young's Modulus
Not Available   
116.00 GPa   
18

Poisson Ratio
0.32   
12
0.32   
12

Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown   
Ductile   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
Not Available   
4,500.00   
1

Magnetic Ordering
Unknown   
Paramagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Unknown   
Poor Conductor   

Resistivity
Not Available   
420.00 nΩ·m   
12

Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+

Electron Affinity
Not Available   
7.60 kJ/mol   
37

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
Not Available   
0.52 J/(kg K)   
9

Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
25.06 J/mol·K   
99+

Thermal Conductivity
Not Available   
21.90 W/m·K   
99+

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
8.60 µm/(m·K)   
99+

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
429.00 kJ/mol   
15

Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
15.48 kJ/mol   
19

Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available   
468.60 kJ/mol   
15

Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
27.30 J/mol.K   
99+

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