Symbol
Li
Rg
Group Number
111
0
17
👆🏻
Period Number
27
2
7
👆🏻
Block
s block
d block
Element Family
Alkali
-
CAS Number
743993254386242
7429905
54386242
👆🏻
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
-
Space Group Number
229.00194.00
11
276
👆🏻
Interesting Facts
- Heat capacity of Lithium is very high.
- Lithium inflammable and highly explosive metal, hence it has to be stored properly.
Roentgenium is a highly unstable synthetic element.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Synthetically Produced
History
Who Discovered
Johan August Arfwedson
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung
Discovery
In 1817
In 1994
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %0.00 %
0
0.11
👆🏻
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %-
0
0.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %-
0
22
👆🏻
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %-
1E-37
8.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %-
0
1.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %-
0
1.4
👆🏻
Uses & Benefits
- The main usage of Lithium is manufacturing rechargeable batteries for electronic equipment and gadgets.
- it is also used in manufacturing non-rechargeable batteries.
- Currently known uses of Roentgenium metal are limited to research purpose only.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
-
Medical Uses
-
-
Other Uses
Alloys
Research Purposes
Biological Properties
Toxicity
-
-
Present in Human Body
✔
✘
✔
✘
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
👆🏻
In Bone
1.30 p.p.m.0.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
👆🏻
Melting Point
180.54 °C-
-38.83
3410
👆🏻
Boiling Point
1,347.00 °C2,800.00 °C
0
5660
👆🏻
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silver
Luster
-
Unknown Luster
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
0.60-
0.2
8.5
👆🏻
Brinell Hardness
5.00 MPa700.00 MPa
0.14
3490
👆🏻
Vickers Hardness
5.30 MPa450.00 MPa
0
3920
👆🏻
Speed of Sound
6,000.00 m/s3,430.00 m/s
818
16200
👆🏻
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.351.30
0.155
3.41
👆🏻
Reflectivity
95.00 %64.00 %
5
97
👆🏻
Allotropes
✔
✘
✔
✘
α Allotropes
-
-
β Allotropes
-
-
γ Allotropes
-
-
Chemical Formula
Li
Rg
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
81
0
38
👆🏻
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
0.980.00
0
2.6
👆🏻
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.891.90
0.22
2.56
👆🏻
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.971.30
0.86
1.9
👆🏻
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.970.90
0.62
2.48
👆🏻
Allen Electronegativity
0.910.80
0.659
2.7
👆🏻
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.022.20
1.46
3.3
👆🏻
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol1,022.70 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
👆🏻
2nd Energy Level
7,298.10 kJ/mol2,074.40 kJ/mol
392.8
28750
👆🏻
3rd Energy Level
11,815.00 kJ/mol3,077.90 kJ/mol
392.8
34230
👆🏻
4th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol4,052.40 kJ/mol
375.7
37066
👆🏻
5th Energy Level
5,200.00 kJ/mol5,306.70 kJ/mol
392
97510
👆🏻
6th Energy Level
5,200.00 kJ/mol11,100.00 kJ/mol
1007
105800
👆🏻
7th Energy level
5,202.00 kJ/mol5,800.00 kJ/mol
1007
114300
👆🏻
8th Energy Level
730.00 kJ/mol5,800.00 kJ/mol
730
125300
👆🏻
9th Energy Level
5,200.00 kJ/mol5,650.00 kJ/mol
1007
134700
👆🏻
10th Energy Level
520.00 kJ/mol5,800.00 kJ/mol
392
144300
👆🏻
11th Energy Level
5,202.00 kJ/mol8,300.00 kJ/mol
392
169988
👆🏻
12th Energy Level
5,200.00 kJ/mol8,300.00 kJ/mol
0
189368
👆🏻
13th Energy Level
5,200.00 kJ/mol8,700.00 kJ/mol
1007
76015
👆🏻
14th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol8,300.00 kJ/mol
380
86450
👆🏻
15th Energy Level
52,000.00 kJ/mol87,000.00 kJ/mol
33000
100700
👆🏻
16th Energy Level
52,000.00 kJ/mol83,000.00 kJ/mol
375.7
109480
👆🏻
17th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol830.80 kJ/mol
375.7
122200
👆🏻
18th Energy Level
520.00 kJ/mol8,300.00 kJ/mol
0
134810
👆🏻
19th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol580.00 kJ/mol
375.7
148700
👆🏻
20th Energy Level
520.00 kJ/mol580.00 kJ/mol
0
171200
👆🏻
21st Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol5,800.00 kJ/mol
375.7
179100
👆🏻
22nd Energy Level
520.00 kJ/mol580.00 kJ/mol
330
184900
👆🏻
23rd Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol5,800.00 kJ/mol
357.6
198800
👆🏻
24th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol538.70 kJ/mol
297.3
195200
👆🏻
25th Energy Level
520.00 kJ/mol0.00 kJ/mol
0
121900
👆🏻
26th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol580.00 kJ/mol
357.6
127700
👆🏻
27th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol580.00 kJ/mol
0
133800
👆🏻
28th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol880.00 kJ/mol
297.3
139800
👆🏻
29th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol580.00 kJ/mol
0
148100
👆🏻
30th Energy Level
520.00 kJ/mol0.00 kJ/mol
0
154500
👆🏻
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.26 g/amp-hr3.10 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
👆🏻
Electron Work Function
2.90 eV4.90 eV
2.14
6
👆🏻
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
-
Atomic Number
3111
3
117
👆🏻
Electron Configuration
[He] 2s1
[Rn] 5f14 6d9 7s2
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
Atom
Number of Protons
3111
3
117
👆🏻
Number of Neutrons
4161
4
285
👆🏻
Number of Electrons
3111
3
117
👆🏻
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
152.00 pm200.00 pm
0
348
👆🏻
Covalent Radius
128.00 pm126.00 pm
0
260
👆🏻
Van der Waals Radius
182.00 pm280.00 pm
0
348
👆🏻
Atomic Weight
6.94 amu281.00 amu
6.94
294
👆🏻
Atomic Volume
13.10 cm3/mol28.70 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
👆🏻
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
Next Element
Valence Electron Potential
19.00 (-eV)11.90 (-eV)
0
392.42
👆🏻
Lattice Constant
351.00 pm0.00 pm
0
891.25
👆🏻
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
-
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.621.90
0.423
1.9
👆🏻
Density
Density At Room Temperature
0.53 g/cm328.70 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
👆🏻
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.51 g/cm328.70 g/cm3
0.512
41
👆🏻
Tensile Strength
60.00 MPa65.00 MPa
0.1
11000
👆🏻
Viscosity
0.000.00
1.5E-05
0.0035
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
109.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
0
121
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
0
774
👆🏻
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
4.20 GPa26.00 GPa
1.3
222
👆🏻
Bulk Modulus
11.00 GPa0.00 GPa
0
462
👆🏻
Young's Modulus
4.90 GPa12.70 GPa
0
528
👆🏻
Poisson Ratio
0.360.30
0.032
0.47
👆🏻
Other Mechanical Properties
-
-
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
0.5328.70
0.53
4500
👆🏻
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
-
Permeability
0.00 H/m0.00 H/m
1.25643E-06
0.0063
👆🏻
Susceptibility
0.000.00
-0.000166
200000
👆🏻
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
-
Resistivity
92.80 nΩ·m0.20 nΩ·m
0.1
961
👆🏻
Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω0.00 106/cm Ω
0
0.63
👆🏻
Electron Affinity
59.60 kJ/mol50.00 kJ/mol
0
222.8
👆🏻
Specific Heat
3.60 J/(kg K)0.13 J/(kg K)
0.1
3.6
👆🏻
Molar Heat Capacity
24.86 J/mol·K23.70 J/mol·K
13.1
62.7
👆🏻
Thermal Conductivity
84.80 W/m·K0.10 W/m·K
0
429
👆🏻
Critical Temperature
3,223.00 K1,100.00 K
26.3
3695
👆🏻
Thermal Expansion
46.00 µm/(m·K)12.60 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
👆🏻
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
134.70 kJ/mol580.00 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Fusion
3.00 kJ/mol-
2.1
35.23
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Atomization
160.70 kJ/mol580.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
👆🏻
Standard Molar Entropy
29.10 J/mol.K57.00 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1
👆🏻