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Mendelevium vs Chromium

Mendelevium
Chromium
Chromium vs Mendelevium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Md  
Cr  
Group Number
3  
15
6  
12
Period Number
7  
4  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440111  
99+
7440473  
39
Space Group Name
-  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Mendelevium metal is synthetically produced metal.
  • Mendelevium metal has been produced in only trace amount.
  
  • Chromium is highly reactive, hence it is not found free in nature.
  • Ores of Chromites mineral are the major source of Chromium metal.
  • Almost 90% leather tanning is done with the help of chromium.
  
Sources
Bombarding Einsteinium with Helium Ions  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin  
Discovery
In 1955  
In Between 1797 - 1798  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
8
Abundance In Sun
-  
0.00 %  
7
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.30 %  
7
Abundance In Earth's Crust
-  
0.01 %  
13
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
16
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
19
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Mendelevium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • It is used to harden the steel and produces a stainless steel and other various alloys.
  • It is also used to give proper finish to polished mirrors. Its chromium plates are used in bathroom fittings.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
-  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Highly Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.11 Blood/mg dm-3  
12
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.33 p.p.m.  
25
Physical
Melting Point
827.00 °C  
99+
1,857.00 °C  
14
Boiling Point
0.00 °C  
99+
2,672.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
Silver  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
-  
8.50  
1
Brinell Hardness
350.00 MPa  
36
687.00 MPa  
18
Vickers Hardness
0.00 MPa  
99+
1,060.00 MPa  
17
Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s  
99+
5,940.00 m/s  
8
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
2.97  
2
Reflectivity
66.00 %  
17
70.00 %  
13
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Md  
Cr  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
16  
23
21  
18
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.66  
19
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.66  
17
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20  
28
1.56  
11
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.66  
19
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
1.65  
22
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70  
22
2.34  
36
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26,130.00 kJ/mol  
1
2nd Energy Level
1,235.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28,750.00 kJ/mol  
1
3rd Energy Level
2,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
34,230.00 kJ/mol  
1
4th Energy Level
3,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
37,066.00 kJ/mol  
1
5th Energy Level
6,350.00 kJ/mol  
36
97,510.00 kJ/mol  
1
6th Energy Level
6,350.00 kJ/mol  
99+
105,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
7th Energy level
6,350.00 kJ/mol  
99+
114,300.00 kJ/mol  
1
8th Energy Level
6,350.00 kJ/mol  
99+
125,300.00 kJ/mol  
1
9th Energy Level
6,350.00 kJ/mol  
99+
134,700.00 kJ/mol  
1
10th Energy Level
6,350.00 kJ/mol  
99+
144,300.00 kJ/mol  
1
11th Energy Level
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26,130.00 kJ/mol  
12
12th Energy Level
60,100.00 kJ/mol  
16
28,750.00 kJ/mol  
36
13th Energy Level
6,350.00 kJ/mol  
37
34,230.00 kJ/mol  
10
14th Energy Level
1,150.00 kJ/mol  
99+
37,066.00 kJ/mol  
12
15th Energy Level
63,500.00 kJ/mol  
37
97,510.00 kJ/mol  
2
16th Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
99+
105,800.00 kJ/mol  
2
17th Energy Level
1,107.00 kJ/mol  
21
114,300.00 kJ/mol  
3
18th Energy Level
6,350.00 kJ/mol  
39
125,300.00 kJ/mol  
4
19th Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
99+
134,700.00 kJ/mol  
5
20th Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
40
144,300.00 kJ/mol  
7
21st Energy Level
6,350.00 kJ/mol  
13
157,700.00 kJ/mol  
7
22nd Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
34
166,090.00 kJ/mol  
6
23rd Energy Level
6,350.00 kJ/mol  
13
653.80 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
36
653.80 kJ/mol  
32
25th Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
38
653.80 kJ/mol  
34
26th Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
37
653.80 kJ/mol  
33
27th Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
39
652.90 kJ/mol  
34
28th Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
99+
653.80 kJ/mol  
39
29th Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
99+
653.80 kJ/mol  
40
30th Energy Level
635.00 kJ/mol  
40
653.80 kJ/mol  
36
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.21 g/amp-hr  
13
0.32 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
3.89 eV  
37
4.50 eV  
19
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
101  
17
24  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f13 7s2  
[Ar] 3d5 4s1  
Crystal Structure
Not Known  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Mendelevium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
101  
17
24  
99+
Number of Neutrons
157  
8
28  
99+
Number of Electrons
101  
17
24  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
175.00 pm  
21
128.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
175.00 pm  
25
139.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
246.00 pm  
12
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
258.00 amu  
14
52.00 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
19.90 cm3/mol  
32
7.23 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Fermium
  
Vanadium
  
Next Element
Nobelium
  
Manganese
  
Valence Electron Potential
63.70 (-eV)  
23
170.00 (-eV)  
4
Lattice Constant
-  
291.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58  
36
1.86  
4
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
10.30 g/cm3  
38
7.19 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.30 g/cm3  
39
6.30 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
80.00 MPa  
29
689.00 MPa  
7
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
23
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
26
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
774.00 (Pa)  
1
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
32.00 GPa  
24
115.00 GPa  
9
Bulk Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
160.00 GPa  
11
Young's Modulus
12.00 GPa  
99+
279.00 GPa  
8
Poisson Ratio
0.30  
14
0.21  
33
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
13.50  
29
7.19  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
-  
Antiferromagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
11
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
10
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
-  
Resistivity
0.63 nΩ·m  
99+
125.00 nΩ·m  
27
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.08 106/cm Ω  
30
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
64.30 kJ/mol  
17
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.45 J/(kg K)  
12
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
23.35 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
93.90 W/m·K  
17
Critical Temperature
1,100.00 K  
99+
1,907.00 K  
24
Thermal Expansion
11.60 µm/(m·K)  
99+
4.90 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
380.50 kJ/mol  
26
348.80 kJ/mol  
35
Enthalpy of Fusion
-  
15.31 kJ/mol  
20
Enthalpy of Atomization
410.80 kJ/mol  
25
397.50 kJ/mol  
27
Standard Molar Entropy
37.40 J/mol.K  
99+
23.80 J/mol.K  
99+
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