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Molybdenum vs Nobelium

Molybdenum
Nobelium
Nobelium vs Molybdenum


Periodic Table
Symbol
Mo  
No  
Group Number
6  
12
3  
15
Period Number
5  
7  
Block
d block  
f block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Actinide  
CAS Number
7439987  
99+
10028145  
16
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
-  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Molybdenum is highly reactive metal, hence not found free in nature .
  • Till 18th century Molybdenum element were often mistaken as a carbon or Lead.
  
  • The most stable isotope of Nobelium metal is No-259.
  • No-259 has a half-life of fifty-eight minutes.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Bombarding Curium-246 or Curium-249 with Carbon-12 Nuclei, Found in Minerals, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Carl Wilhelm Scheele  
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research  
Discovery
In 1778  
In 1966  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
20
-  
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
19
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
24
-  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
39
-  
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
9
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
17
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its alloys are used to make engine parts, drills, saw blade, etc.
  • Lubricant additive made up of Molybdenum disulfide is commonly used in the industry. It is also used as a catalyst.
  
  • Currently known uses of Nobelium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.70 p.p.m.  
20
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
2,617.00 °C  
5
827.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
4,612.00 °C  
9
2,600.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Gray  
-  
Luster
Metallic  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
5.50  
7
-  
Brinell Hardness
1,370.00 MPa  
7
500.00 MPa  
28
Vickers Hardness
1,400.00 MPa  
11
500.00 MPa  
35
Speed of Sound
5,400.00 m/s  
9
1,100.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.00  
15
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
58.00 %  
25
61.00 %  
22
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Mo  
No  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
25  
14
13  
26
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.16  
6
1.30  
33
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.15  
34
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.20  
28
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.16  
7
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
2.16  
3
1.10  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.84  
99+
2.70  
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
684.30 kJ/mol  
37
642.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,560.00 kJ/mol  
38
1,254.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,618.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,643.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
4,480.00 kJ/mol  
36
3,956.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
5,257.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
35
6th Energy Level
6,640.80 kJ/mol  
99+
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
12,125.00 kJ/mol  
13
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
13,860.00 kJ/mol  
16
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
15,835.00 kJ/mol  
16
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
17,980.00 kJ/mol  
18
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
20,190.00 kJ/mol  
17
6,420.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
22,219.00 kJ/mol  
38
64,000.00 kJ/mol  
8
13th Energy Level
26,930.00 kJ/mol  
13
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
36
14th Energy Level
29,196.00 kJ/mol  
13
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
26
15th Energy Level
52,490.00 kJ/mol  
99+
64,000.00 kJ/mol  
36
16th Energy Level
55,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
64,000.00 kJ/mol  
27
17th Energy Level
61,400.00 kJ/mol  
9
641.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
67,700.00 kJ/mol  
9
3,500.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
74,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
80,400.00 kJ/mol  
10
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
87,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
917.00 kJ/mol  
34
22nd Energy Level
93,400.00 kJ/mol  
7
627.00 kJ/mol  
36
23rd Energy Level
98,420.00 kJ/mol  
6
6,410.00 kJ/mol  
12
24th Energy Level
104,400.00 kJ/mol  
2
627.00 kJ/mol  
39
25th Energy Level
121,900.00 kJ/mol  
1
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
127,700.00 kJ/mol  
1
601.20 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
133,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
641.00 kJ/mol  
37
28th Energy Level
139,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
641.60 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
148,100.00 kJ/mol  
1
641.00 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
154,500.00 kJ/mol  
1
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.89 g/amp-hr  
99+
4.83 g/amp-hr  
4
Electron Work Function
4.60 eV  
17
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
42  
99+
102  
16
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d5 5s1  
[Rn] 5f14 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Not Known  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Nobelium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
42  
99+
102  
16
Number of Neutrons
54  
99+
157  
8
Number of Electrons
42  
99+
102  
16
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
176.00 pm  
20
Covalent Radius
154.00 pm  
34
157.00 pm  
33
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
246.00 pm  
12
Atomic Weight
95.95 amu  
99+
259.00 amu  
13
Atomic Volume
9.40 cm3/mol  
99+
19.80 cm3/mol  
33
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Niobium
  
Mendelevium
  
Next Element
Technetium
  
Lawrencium
  
Valence Electron Potential
88.60 (-eV)  
13
26.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
314.70 pm  
99+
-  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.03  
99+
1.76  
5
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
10.28 g/cm3  
39
9.90 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.33 g/cm3  
99+
9.90 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
324.00 MPa  
15
80.00 MPa  
29
Viscosity
0.00  
5
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
27
0.00 (Pa)  
28
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
126.00 GPa  
8
27.00 GPa  
34
Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa  
6
8.70 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
329.00 GPa  
6
12.30 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.31  
13
0.30  
14
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Weldable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
10.22  
40
9.90  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
9
0.00 H/m  
3
Susceptibility
0.00  
29
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Semiconductor  
-  
Resistivity
53.40 nΩ·m  
99+
0.68 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω  
11
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
71.90 kJ/mol  
16
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.25 J/(kg K)  
21
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
24.06 J/mol·K  
99+
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
Thermal Conductivity
138.00 W/m·K  
12
0.10 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
2,896.00 K  
6
1,100.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
4.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
11.00 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
594.10 kJ/mol  
9
-  
Enthalpy of Fusion
27.61 kJ/mol  
5
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
653.00 kJ/mol  
7
390.40 kJ/mol  
30
Standard Molar Entropy
28.70 J/mol.K  
99+
63.00 J/mol.K  
24
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