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Neptunium vs Iridium

Neptunium
Iridium
Iridium vs Neptunium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Np  
Ir  
Group Number
3  
15
9  
9
Period Number
7  
6  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7439998  
99+
7439885  
99+
Space Group Name
Pnma  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
62.00  
14
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
Neptunium was the first transuranium element to be discovered.  
  • Iridium element occurs as natural alloys of Platinum and Osmium.
  • Iridium element is known as the most corrosion resistance metal .
  
Sources
Made by Bombarding Uranium with Neutrons, Ores of metals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Edwin McMillan and Philip H. Abelson  
Smithson Tennant  
Discovery
In 1940  
In 1803  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
25
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
29
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
-  
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Neptunium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  • Neptunium’s isotope neptunium-237 is used as a neutron detectors.
  
  • Iridium has an anti corrosion properties and it is used in special alloy with Osmium metal and that alloy is used in pen tips and compass bearings.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
640.00 °C  
99+
2,410.00 °C  
7
Boiling Point
3,902.00 °C  
13
4,527.00 °C  
10
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
Silvery White  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
6.50  
5
Brinell Hardness
622.00 MPa  
23
1,670.00 MPa  
5
Vickers Hardness
640.00 MPa  
23
1,760.00 MPa  
8
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s  
99+
4,825.00 m/s  
17
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
2.40  
7
Reflectivity
64.00 %  
19
78.00 %  
8
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Np  
Ir  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20  
19
34  
5
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.36  
30
2.20  
5
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.36  
23
2.20  
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22  
27
1.55  
12
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.36  
31
2.20  
6
Allen Electronegativity
1.36  
37
1.68  
20
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.64  
25
1.80  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
880.00 kJ/mol  
9
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,600.00 kJ/mol  
36
3rd Energy Level
1,997.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,256.10 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,242.00 kJ/mol  
99+
880.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
8
6th Energy Level
5,785.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
25
7th Energy level
6,040.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
8th Energy Level
6,040.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
9th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
10th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
23
11th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
20
12th Energy Level
61,800.00 kJ/mol  
13
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
40
13th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol  
40
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
15
14th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol  
29
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
14
15th Energy Level
60,600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
88,000.00 kJ/mol  
8
16th Energy Level
60,420.00 kJ/mol  
31
88,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
17th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
880.00 kJ/mol  
26
18th Energy Level
6,040.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
15
19th Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
880.00 kJ/mol  
24
20th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
880.00 kJ/mol  
14
21st Energy Level
6,040.00 kJ/mol  
17
880.00 kJ/mol  
37
22nd Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
40
880.00 kJ/mol  
12
23rd Energy Level
6,040.00 kJ/mol  
18
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
7
24th Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
880.00 kJ/mol  
8
25th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
880.00 kJ/mol  
6
26th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
880.00 kJ/mol  
6
27th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
880.00 kJ/mol  
5
28th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
880.00 kJ/mol  
8
29th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
880.00 kJ/mol  
9
30th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
880.00 kJ/mol  
6
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.14 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
4.55 eV  
18
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
93  
25
77  
39
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Neptunium.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Iridium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
93  
25
74  
99+
Number of Neutrons
144  
15
110  
28
Number of Electrons
93  
25
74  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
155.00 pm  
32
136.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
190.00 pm  
18
141.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm  
27
202.00 pm  
34
Atomic Weight
237.00 amu  
22
192.22 amu  
34
Atomic Volume
11.62 cm3/mol  
99+
9.53 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Uranium
  
Osmium
  
Next Element
Plutonium
  
Platinum
  
Valence Electron Potential
96.00 (-eV)  
9
140.00 (-eV)  
5
Lattice Constant
666.30 pm  
3
383.90 pm  
29
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.43  
99+
1.58  
35
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.38 g/cm3  
14
22.56 g/cm3  
10
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
20.25 g/cm3  
10
19.00 g/cm3  
13
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa  
26
2,000.00 MPa  
2
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
21
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.11 (Pa)  
17
0.00 (Pa)  
26
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
5.60 GPa  
99+
210.00 GPa  
2
Bulk Modulus
180.00 GPa  
9
320.00 GPa  
3
Young's Modulus
46.00 GPa  
99+
528.00 GPa  
1
Poisson Ratio
0.26  
22
0.26  
22
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
20.25  
15
21.78  
12
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
6
0.00 H/m  
16
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
5
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
1.22 nΩ·m  
99+
47.10 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.19 106/cm Ω  
10
Electron Affinity
118.60 kJ/mol  
6
151.00 kJ/mol  
4
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
29.46 J/mol·K  
10
25.10 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
6.30 W/m·K  
99+
147.00 W/m·K  
10
Critical Temperature
913.00 K  
99+
2,719.00 K  
8
Thermal Expansion
13.30 µm/(m·K)  
35
6.40 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
336.00 kJ/mol  
39
799.10 kJ/mol  
1
Enthalpy of Fusion
3.20 kJ/mol  
99+
35.23 kJ/mol  
1
Enthalpy of Atomization
275.30 kJ/mol  
99+
837.00 kJ/mol  
1
Standard Molar Entropy
64.00 J/mol.K  
21
35.50 J/mol.K  
99+
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