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Neptunium vs Iron

Neptunium
Iron
Iron vs Neptunium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Np  
Fe  
Group Number
3  
15
8  
10
Period Number
7  
4  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7439998  
99+
7439896  
99+
Space Group Name
Pnma  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
62.00  
14
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
Neptunium was the first transuranium element to be discovered.  
  • Iron is not always magnetic in nature, its allotrope are ferromagnetic and the B allotrope is nonmagnetic.
  • The blood consists Iron in hemoglobin molecules to transfer Oxygen in the body.
  
Sources
Made by Bombarding Uranium with Neutrons, Ores of metals  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Edwin McMillan and Philip H. Abelson  
-  
Discovery
In 1940  
Before 5000 BC  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.11 %  
1
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
0.10 %  
1
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
22.00 %  
1
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
6.30 %  
2
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
12
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.01 %  
6
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Neptunium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  • Neptunium’s isotope neptunium-237 is used as a neutron detectors.
  
  • Iron metal alloy steel is used in the application of civil engineering and manufacturing.
  • Alloys of iron with nickel, vanadium, chromium, tungsten and manganese have very useful properties.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Alloys, Sculptures, Statues  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
447.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
3
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
380.00 p.p.m.  
5
Physical
Melting Point
640.00 °C  
99+
1,535.00 °C  
25
Boiling Point
3,902.00 °C  
13
2,750.00 °C  
39
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
4.00  
11
Brinell Hardness
622.00 MPa  
23
200.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
640.00 MPa  
23
608.00 MPa  
27
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s  
99+
5,120.00 m/s  
12
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
2.60  
4
Reflectivity
64.00 %  
19
65.00 %  
18
Allotropes
No  
Yes  
α Allotropes
-  
Ferrite (alpha Iron)  
β Allotropes
-  
beta Iron  
γ Allotropes
-  
gamma Iron  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Np  
Fe  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20  
19
26  
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.36  
30
1.83  
15
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.36  
23
2.20  
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22  
27
1.64  
9
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.36  
31
1.83  
16
Allen Electronegativity
1.36  
37
1.80  
15
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.64  
25
2.17  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
762.50 kJ/mol  
17
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,561.90 kJ/mol  
37
3rd Energy Level
1,997.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,957.00 kJ/mol  
29
4th Energy Level
3,242.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,290.00 kJ/mol  
25
5th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,240.00 kJ/mol  
25
6th Energy Level
5,785.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9,560.00 kJ/mol  
20
7th Energy level
6,040.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12,060.00 kJ/mol  
15
8th Energy Level
6,040.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14,580.00 kJ/mol  
14
9th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22,540.00 kJ/mol  
5
10th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol  
99+
25,290.00 kJ/mol  
8
11th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
12th Energy Level
61,800.00 kJ/mol  
13
31,920.00 kJ/mol  
31
13th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol  
40
34,830.00 kJ/mol  
9
14th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol  
29
37,840.00 kJ/mol  
11
15th Energy Level
60,600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
44,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
60,420.00 kJ/mol  
31
47,206.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
122,200.00 kJ/mol  
1
18th Energy Level
6,040.00 kJ/mol  
99+
131,000.00 kJ/mol  
2
19th Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
140,500.00 kJ/mol  
3
20th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
152,600.00 kJ/mol  
5
21st Energy Level
6,040.00 kJ/mol  
17
163,000.00 kJ/mol  
5
22nd Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
40
173,600.00 kJ/mol  
4
23rd Energy Level
6,040.00 kJ/mol  
18
188,100.00 kJ/mol  
4
24th Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
195,200.00 kJ/mol  
1
25th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
762.00 kJ/mol  
15
26th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
762.50 kJ/mol  
15
27th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
762.50 kJ/mol  
14
28th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
762.50 kJ/mol  
20
29th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
762.50 kJ/mol  
20
30th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
762.00 kJ/mol  
15
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr  
99+
0.69 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
4.70 eV  
15
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
93  
25
26  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2  
[Ar] 3d6 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Neptunium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
93  
25
26  
99+
Number of Neutrons
144  
15
30  
99+
Number of Electrons
93  
25
26  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
155.00 pm  
32
126.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
190.00 pm  
18
132.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm  
27
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
237.00 amu  
22
55.85 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
11.62 cm3/mol  
99+
7.10 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Uranium
  
Manganese
  
Next Element
Plutonium
  
Cobalt
  
Valence Electron Potential
96.00 (-eV)  
9
67.00 (-eV)  
20
Lattice Constant
666.30 pm  
3
286.65 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.43  
99+
1.35  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.38 g/cm3  
14
7.87 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
20.25 g/cm3  
10
6.98 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa  
26
11,000.00 MPa  
1
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
19
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.11 (Pa)  
17
36.80 (Pa)  
5
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
5.60 GPa  
99+
82.00 GPa  
11
Bulk Modulus
180.00 GPa  
9
170.00 GPa  
10
Young's Modulus
46.00 GPa  
99+
211.00 GPa  
9
Poisson Ratio
0.26  
22
0.29  
15
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
20.25  
15
7.20  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Ferromagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
6
0.01 H/m  
1
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
200,000.00  
1
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
1.22 nΩ·m  
99+
96.10 nΩ·m  
32
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.10 106/cm Ω  
24
Electron Affinity
118.60 kJ/mol  
6
15.70 kJ/mol  
40
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.44 J/(kg K)  
13
Molar Heat Capacity
29.46 J/mol·K  
10
25.10 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
6.30 W/m·K  
99+
80.40 W/m·K  
22
Critical Temperature
913.00 K  
99+
1,811.00 K  
29
Thermal Expansion
13.30 µm/(m·K)  
35
11.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
336.00 kJ/mol  
39
351.00 kJ/mol  
33
Enthalpy of Fusion
3.20 kJ/mol  
99+
14.90 kJ/mol  
23
Enthalpy of Atomization
275.30 kJ/mol  
99+
414.20 kJ/mol  
24
Standard Molar Entropy
64.00 J/mol.K  
21
27.30 J/mol.K  
99+
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