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Nobelium vs Zirconium

Nobelium
Zirconium
Zirconium vs Nobelium


Periodic Table
Symbol
No  
Zr  
Group Number
3  
15
4  
14
Period Number
7  
5  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
10028145  
16
7440677  
23
Space Group Name
-  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • The most stable isotope of Nobelium metal is No-259.
  • No-259 has a half-life of fifty-eight minutes.
  
  • Zirconium metal can resist to weak acids.
  • Zirconium metal reacts with oxygen and nitrogen in the atmosphere.
  
Sources
Bombarding Curium-246 or Curium-249 with Carbon-12 Nuclei, Found in Minerals, Mining  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research  
Martin Heinrich Klaproth  
Discovery
In 1966  
In 1789  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
-  
0.00 %  
14
Abundance In Sun
-  
0.00 %  
16
Abundance In Meteorites
-  
0.00 %  
17
Abundance In Earth's Crust
-  
0.01 %  
14
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Humans
-  
0.00 %  
18
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Nobelium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • As this metal does not absorb neutrons; It is used in nuclear power stations.
  • Its oxide is used in ultra strong ceramics. It is also used in manufacturing Crucibles.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Research Purposes  
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3  
21
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.10 p.p.m.  
28
Physical
Melting Point
827.00 °C  
99+
1,852.00 °C  
15
Boiling Point
2,600.00 °C  
99+
4,377.00 °C  
11
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
Silvery White  
Luster
Unknown Luster  
Lustrous  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
-  
5.00  
8
Brinell Hardness
500.00 MPa  
28
638.00 MPa  
21
Vickers Hardness
500.00 MPa  
35
820.00 MPa  
22
Speed of Sound
1,100.00 m/s  
99+
3,800.00 m/s  
27
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
2.15  
10
Reflectivity
61.00 %  
22
70.00 %  
13
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
No  
Zr  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
13  
26
24  
15
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.33  
31
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
0.90  
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20  
28
1.22  
27
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.33  
32
Allen Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
1.32  
39
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70  
22
2.67  
24
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
642.00 kJ/mol  
99+
640.10 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,254.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,643.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,218.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,956.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,313.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
35
7,752.00 kJ/mol  
16
6th Energy Level
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9,500.00 kJ/mol  
21
7th Energy level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
40
10th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,730.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
6,420.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,406.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
64,000.00 kJ/mol  
8
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
36
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
36
14th Energy Level
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
26
640.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
64,000.00 kJ/mol  
36
64,000.00 kJ/mol  
36
16th Energy Level
64,000.00 kJ/mol  
27
64,000.00 kJ/mol  
27
17th Energy Level
641.00 kJ/mol  
99+
640.10 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
3,500.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,400.00 kJ/mol  
38
19th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
640.00 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
640.00 kJ/mol  
39
21st Energy Level
917.00 kJ/mol  
34
640.10 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
36
640.00 kJ/mol  
33
23rd Energy Level
6,410.00 kJ/mol  
12
640.10 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
39
640.00 kJ/mol  
35
25th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
640.10 kJ/mol  
37
26th Energy Level
601.20 kJ/mol  
99+
640.10 kJ/mol  
36
27th Energy Level
641.00 kJ/mol  
37
640.10 kJ/mol  
38
28th Energy Level
641.60 kJ/mol  
99+
640.10 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
641.00 kJ/mol  
99+
640.10 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
640.10 kJ/mol  
39
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.83 g/amp-hr  
4
0.85 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
4.05 eV  
34
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Anti Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
102  
16
40  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 7s2  
[Kr] 4d2 5s2  
Crystal Structure
Not Known  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Nobelium.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zirconium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
102  
16
40  
99+
Number of Neutrons
157  
8
51  
99+
Number of Electrons
102  
16
40  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
176.00 pm  
20
160.00 pm  
29
Covalent Radius
157.00 pm  
33
175.00 pm  
25
Van der Waals Radius
246.00 pm  
12
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
259.00 amu  
13
91.22 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
19.80 cm3/mol  
33
14.10 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Mendelevium
  
Yttrium
  
Next Element
Lawrencium
  
Niobium
  
Valence Electron Potential
26.00 (-eV)  
99+
80.00 (-eV)  
18
Lattice Constant
-  
323.20 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.76  
5
1.59  
25
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
9.90 g/cm3  
99+
6.52 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.90 g/cm3  
99+
5.80 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
80.00 MPa  
29
330.00 MPa  
14
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
12
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
28
0.00 (Pa)  
21
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
27.00 GPa  
34
33.00 GPa  
23
Bulk Modulus
8.70 GPa  
99+
91.10 GPa  
18
Young's Modulus
12.30 GPa  
99+
88.00 GPa  
24
Poisson Ratio
0.30  
14
0.34  
10
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
9.90  
99+
6.51  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
-  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
3
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Conductor  
Resistivity
0.68 nΩ·m  
99+
421.00 nΩ·m  
11
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
41.10 kJ/mol  
32
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.27 J/(kg K)  
19
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
25.36 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
0.10 W/m·K  
99+
22.60 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,100.00 K  
99+
2,128.00 K  
17
Thermal Expansion
11.00 µm/(m·K)  
99+
5.70 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
-  
581.60 kJ/mol  
11
Enthalpy of Fusion
-  
20.90 kJ/mol  
11
Enthalpy of Atomization
390.40 kJ/mol  
30
598.00 kJ/mol  
12
Standard Molar Entropy
63.00 J/mol.K  
24
39.00 J/mol.K  
99+
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