1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
1.6 CAS Number
74400427440235
7429905
54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
1.8 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
- But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
- At room temperature Sodium metal is very soft as it can be chopped down into pieces with butter knife.
- The most common compound of Sodium is NaCl (Salt).
2.2 Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
By Electrolysis Process, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant
Humphry Davy
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-7 %2 * 10-3 %
5E-09
0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %~0.004 %
1E-08
0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
- Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
-
It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
- In some nuclear reactors sodium is used as a heat exchanger.
- Compound of Sodium metals called Salt (Sodium chloride) is used in Food.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
Pharmaceutical Industry
3.1.3 Other Uses
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
NA1,970.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
3.2.4 In Bone
NA10,000.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
3,045.00 °C97.72 °C
27
3410
4.2 Boiling Point
5,027.00 °C883.00 °C
147
5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
4.3.2 Color
Silvery Bluish-Gray
Silvery White
4.3.3 Luster
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
3,490.00 MPa0.69 MPa
0.14
3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
4.5 Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s3,200.00 m/s
818
16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
4.6.2 Reflectivity
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol495.80 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol4,562.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol6,910.30 kJ/mol
1600
34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
NA9,543.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
NA13,354.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
NA16,613.00 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
NA20,117.00 kJ/mol
7226.8
114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
NA25,496.00 kJ/mol
8857.4
125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
NA28,932.00 kJ/mol
14110
134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
NA141,362.00 kJ/mol
17100
144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
NA159,076.00 kJ/mol
19900
169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr0.86 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
[Ne] 3s1
6.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
133.80 pm186.00 pm
112
265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
216.00 pm227.00 pm
139
348
6.6 Atomic Weight
190.23 amu22.99 amu
6.94
294
6.7 Atomic Volume
8.49 cm3/mol23.70 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
91.40 (-eV)14.10 (-eV)
8
392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
273.44 pm429.06 pm
228.58
891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
22.59 g/cm30.97 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
20.00 g/cm30.93 g/cm3
0.512
20
7.2 Tensile Strength
7.3 Viscosity
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
222.00 GPa3.30 GPa
1.3
222
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
462.00 GPa6.30 GPa
1.6
462
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
7.6 Poisson Ratio
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
8.1.4 Susceptibility
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
8.2.2 Resistivity
81.20 nΩ·m47.70 nΩ·m
0.18
961
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω0.21 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
106.10 kJ/mol52.80 kJ/mol
0
222.8
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)1.23 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
24.70 J/mol·K28.23 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
87.60 W/m·K142.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
9.4 Critical Temperature
9.5 Thermal Expansion
5.10 µm/(m·K)71.00 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
627.60 kJ/mol89.04 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
29.30 kJ/mol2.59 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
669.00 kJ/mol108.40 kJ/mol
61.5
837
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K51.30 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1