1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.5 Period Number
1.6 Block
1.7 Element Family
1.8 CAS Number
74400427440235
7429905
54386242
2.5 Space Group Name
2.6 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
- But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
- At room temperature Sodium metal is very soft as it can be chopped down into pieces with butter knife.
- The most common compound of Sodium is NaCl (Salt).
2.2 Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
By Electrolysis Process, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant
Humphry Davy
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-7 %2 * 10-3 %
5E-09
0.11
1.3.1 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %~0.004 %
1E-08
0.1
1.7.1 Abundance In Meteorites
1.12.1 Abundance In Earth's Crust
3.5.3 Abundance In Oceans
3.5.4 Abundance In Humans
5 Uses
5.1 Uses & Benefits
- Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
-
It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
- In some nuclear reactors sodium is used as a heat exchanger.
- Compound of Sodium metals called Salt (Sodium chloride) is used in Food.
5.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
5.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
Pharmaceutical Industry
5.1.3 Other Uses
5.2 Biological Properties
5.2.1 Toxicity
5.2.2 Present in Human Body
5.2.3 In Blood
NA1,970.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
6.1.3 In Bone
NA10,000.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
7 Physical
7.1 Melting Point
3,045.00 °C97.72 °C
27
3410
7.4 Boiling Point
5,027.00 °C883.00 °C
147
5660
8.3 Appearance
8.3.1 Physical State
8.3.2 Color
Silvery Bluish-Gray
Silvery White
8.3.3 Luster
8.4 Hardness
8.4.1 Mohs Hardness
10.1.1 Brinell Hardness
3,490.00 MPa0.69 MPa
0.14
3490
11.1.2 Vickers Hardness
12.7 Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s3,200.00 m/s
818
16200
12.10 Optical Properties
12.10.1 Refractive Index
12.11.3 Reflectivity
12.14 Allotropes
12.14.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
12.14.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
12.14.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
13 Chemical
13.1 Chemical Formula
13.2 Isotopes
13.2.1 Known Isotopes
14.5 Electronegativity
14.5.1 Pauling Electronegativity
14.6.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
14.6.7 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
14.7.5 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
14.9.2 Allen Electronegativity
15.3 Electropositivity
15.3.1 Pauling Electropositivity
15.5 Ionization Energies
15.5.1 1st Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol495.80 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
15.5.6 2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol4,562.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
15.5.11 3rd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol6,910.30 kJ/mol
1600
34230
15.5.16 4th Energy Level
NA9,543.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
15.5.23 5th Energy Level
NA13,354.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
15.5.27 6th Energy Level
NA16,613.00 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
15.5.33 7th Energy level
NA20,117.00 kJ/mol
7226.8
114300
15.5.37 8th Energy Level
NA25,496.00 kJ/mol
8857.4
125300
15.6.5 9th Energy Level
NA28,932.00 kJ/mol
14110
134700
15.7.2 10th Energy Level
NA141,362.00 kJ/mol
17100
144300
15.9.3 11th Energy Level
NA159,076.00 kJ/mol
19900
169988
16.4.4 12th Energy Level
16.4.11 13th Energy Level
16.5.6 14th Energy Level
16.6.1 15th Energy Level
16.9.1 16th Energy Level
17.6.2 17th Energy Level
17.9.3 18th Energy Level
18.1.3 19th Energy Level
18.3.2 20th Energy Level
18.5.2 21st Energy Level
18.6.2 22nd Energy Level
18.8.2 23rd Energy Level
18.10.1 24th Energy Level
18.11.3 25th Energy Level
19.1.2 26th Energy Level
20.1.3 27th Energy Level
20.1.7 28th Energy Level
20.5.3 29th Energy Level
20.5.4 30th Energy Level
20.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr0.86 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
20.7 Electron Work Function
20.8 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
21 Atomic
21.1 Atomic Number
22.3 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
[Ne] 3s1
22.4 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
22.5.1 Crystal Lattice
22.6 Atom
22.6.1 Number of Protons
22.6.3 Number of Neutrons
22.7.3 Number of Electrons
22.10 Radius of an Atom
22.10.1 Atomic Radius
133.80 pm186.00 pm
112
265
22.10.3 Covalent Radius
22.11.3 Van der Waals Radius
216.00 pm227.00 pm
139
348
22.12 Atomic Weight
190.23 amu22.99 amu
6.94
294
22.14 Atomic Volume
8.49 cm3/mol23.70 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
22.16 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
22.16.1 Previous Element
22.16.2 Next Element
22.17 Valence Electron Potential
91.40 (-eV)14.10 (-eV)
8
392.42
23.2 Lattice Constant
273.44 pm429.06 pm
228.58
891.25
23.3 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
23.4 Lattice C/A Ratio
24 Mechanical
24.1 Density
24.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
22.59 g/cm30.97 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
24.1.4 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
20.00 g/cm30.93 g/cm3
0.512
20
24.2 Tensile Strength
24.4 Viscosity
24.5 Vapor Pressure
24.5.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
24.5.4 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
24.6 Elasticity properties
24.6.1 Shear Modulus
222.00 GPa3.30 GPa
1.3
222
24.6.2 Bulk Modulus
462.00 GPa6.30 GPa
1.6
462
24.6.5 Young's Modulus
24.7 Poisson Ratio
25.2 Other Mechanical Properties
26 Magnetic
26.1 Magnetic Characteristics
26.1.1 Specific Gravity
26.2.1 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
26.2.2 Permeability
26.3.1 Susceptibility
26.4 Electrical Properties
26.4.1 Electrical Property
26.4.2 Resistivity
81.20 nΩ·m47.70 nΩ·m
0.18
961
26.6.1 Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω0.21 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
26.6.2 Electron Affinity
106.10 kJ/mol52.80 kJ/mol
0
222.8
28 Thermal
28.1 Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)1.23 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
28.3 Molar Heat Capacity
24.70 J/mol·K28.23 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
28.4 Thermal Conductivity
87.60 W/m·K142.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
28.9 Critical Temperature
28.10 Thermal Expansion
5.10 µm/(m·K)71.00 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
28.12 Enthalpy
28.12.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
627.60 kJ/mol89.04 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
28.12.3 Enthalpy of Fusion
29.30 kJ/mol2.59 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
28.12.5 Enthalpy of Atomization
669.00 kJ/mol108.40 kJ/mol
61.5
837
28.13 Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K51.30 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1