Osmium

Manganese

Osmium vs Manganese

Osmium

Manganese

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1 Periodic Table

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Group Number

0 17

2.5 Period Number

2 7

2.6 Block

d block

2.7 Element Family

Transition Metal

2.8 CAS Number

74400427439965

7429905 54386242

2.9 Space Group Name

P63/mmc

I_ 43m

2.10 Space Group Number

194.00217.00

11 229

3 Facts

3.1 Interesting Facts

Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.

Manganese is an essential trace element in all forms of life.
Manganese metal oxidizes very easily, but it does not fuse that easily.

3.2 Sources

Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals

3.3 History

3.3.1 Who Discovered

Smithson Tennant

Johann Gottlieb Gahn

3.3.2 Discovery

In 1803

In 1774

3.4 Abundance

3.4.1 Abundance In Universe

3 * 10^-7 %8 * 10^-4 %

5E-09 0.11

3.4.2 Abundance In Sun

~0.0000002 %~0.001 %

1E-08 0.1

3.4.4 Abundance In Meteorites

0.00 %0.27 %

1.7E-07 22

3.4.5 Abundance In Earth's Crust

0.00 %0.11 %

9.9E-12 8.1

3.4.7 Abundance In Oceans

NA0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

4.2.4 Abundance In Humans

NA0.00 %

1E-13 1.4

5 Uses

5.1 Uses & Benefits

Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.

This metal is very brittle hence it mostly not used as a pure metal, but its alloys are very useful
Its alloy Manganese steel is extremely strong and used in railway tracks, safes, prison bars and riffle barrels.

5.1.1 Industrial Uses

Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry

Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry

5.1.2 Medical Uses

5.1.3 Other Uses

Alloys

5.2 Biological Properties

5.2.1 Toxicity

Highly Toxic

Toxic

5.2.2 Present in Human Body

✔ ✘

5.2.3 In Blood

NA0.08 Blood/mg dm-3

0 1970

5.2.5 In Bone

NA100.00 p.p.m.

0 170000

6 Physical

6.1 Melting Point

3,045.00 °C1,245.00 °C

27 3410

7.2 Boiling Point

5,027.00 °C1,962.00 °C

147 5660

7.3 Appearance

7.3.1 Physical State

Solid

7.3.2 Color

Silvery Bluish-Gray

Silver

7.3.3 Luster

Metallic

7.4 Hardness

7.4.1 Mohs Hardness

7.006.00

0.2 8.5

7.5.1 Brinell Hardness

3,490.00 MPa196.00 MPa

0.14 3490

7.6.2 Vickers Hardness

NANA

121 3430

7.8 Speed of Sound

4,940.00 m/s5,150.00 m/s

818 16200

7.9 Optical Properties

7.9.1 Refractive Index

NANA

1.000933 1.7229

7.9.3 Reflectivity

NANA

58 97

7.10 Allotropes

✔ ✘

7.10.1 α Allotropes

Not Available

7.10.2 β Allotropes

Not Available

7.10.3 γ Allotropes

Not Available

8 Chemical

8.1 Chemical Formula

8.2 Isotopes

8.2.1 Known Isotopes

3521

0 38

8.3 Electronegativity

8.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity

2.201.55

0.7 2.54

8.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity

NA2.20

0.22 2.56

8.4.1 Allred Rochow Electronegativity

1.521.60

0.86 1.82

8.4.2 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

NANA

0.62 2.48

8.5.2 Allen Electronegativity

1.651.75

0.659 2.7

8.6 Electropositivity

8.6.1 Pauling Electropositivity

1.802.45

1.46 3.3

8.7 Ionization Energies

8.7.1 1st Energy Level

840.00 kJ/mol717.30 kJ/mol

375.7 26130

9.2.2 2nd Energy Level

1,309.80 kJ/mol1,509.00 kJ/mol

710.2162 28750

9.2.3 3rd Energy Level

1,600.00 kJ/mol3,248.00 kJ/mol

1600 34230

9.3.2 4th Energy Level

NA4,940.00 kJ/mol

2780 37066

9.3.3 5th Energy Level

NA6,990.00 kJ/mol

4305.2 97510

9.3.5 6th Energy Level

NA9,220.00 kJ/mol

5715.8 105800

9.3.6 7th Energy level

NA11,500.00 kJ/mol

7226.8 114300

9.3.8 8th Energy Level

NA18,770.00 kJ/mol

8857.4 125300

9.3.9 9th Energy Level

NA21,400.00 kJ/mol

14110 134700

9.3.11 10th Energy Level

NA23,960.00 kJ/mol

17100 144300

9.3.12 11th Energy Level

NA27,590.00 kJ/mol

19900 169988

9.3.14 12th Energy Level

NA30,330.00 kJ/mol

22219 189368

9.3.15 13th Energy Level

NA33,150.00 kJ/mol

26930 76015

9.4.2 14th Energy Level

NA38,880.00 kJ/mol

29196 86450

9.4.3 15th Energy Level

NA41,987.00 kJ/mol

41987 97510

9.5.2 16th Energy Level

NA109,480.00 kJ/mol

47206 109480

9.5.3 17th Energy Level

NA118,100.00 kJ/mol

52737 122200

9.5.5 18th Energy Level

NA127,100.00 kJ/mol

58570 134810

9.5.6 19th Energy Level

NA138,600.00 kJ/mol

64702 148700

9.5.8 20th Energy Level

NA148,500.00 kJ/mol

80400 171200

9.5.9 21st Energy Level

NA158,600.00 kJ/mol

87000 179100

9.5.11 22nd Energy Level

NA172,500.00 kJ/mol

93400 184900

9.5.12 23rd Energy Level

NA181,380.00 kJ/mol

98420 198800

9.5.13 24th Energy Level

NANA

104400 195200

9.5.15 25th Energy Level

NANA

121900 121900

9.5.18 26th Energy Level

NANA

127700 127700

9.5.19 27th Energy Level

NANA

133800 133800

9.5.21 28th Energy Level

NANA

139800 139800

9.5.23 29th Energy Level

NANA

148100 148100

9.5.25 30th Energy Level

NANA

154500 154500

9.6 Electrochemical Equivalent

1.77 g/amp-hr0.29 g/amp-hr

0.16812 8.3209

9.7 Electron Work Function

4.83 eV4.10 eV

2.14 5.65

9.8 Other Chemical Properties

Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility

Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes

10 Atomic

10.1 Atomic Number

7625

3 117

10.2 Electron Configuration

[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁶ 6s²

[Ar] 3d⁵ 4s²

10.3 Crystal Structure

Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)

Body Centered Cubic (BCC)

10.3.1 Crystal Lattice

10.4 Atom

10.4.1 Number of Protons

7625

3 117

10.4.3 Number of Neutrons

11430

4 184

10.4.5 Number of Electrons

7625

3 117

10.5 Radius of an Atom

10.5.1 Atomic Radius

133.80 pm127.00 pm

112 265

10.5.3 Covalent Radius

NA139.00 pm

96 260

10.5.5 Van der Waals Radius

216.00 pm200.00 pm

139 348

10.6 Atomic Weight

190.23 amu54.94 amu

6.94 294

10.7 Atomic Volume

8.49 cm3/mol1.39 cm3/mol

1.39 71.07

10.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers

10.8.1 Previous Element

10.8.2 Next Element

10.9 Valence Electron Potential

91.40 (-eV)220.00 (-eV)

8 392.42

10.10 Lattice Constant

273.44 pm891.25 pm

228.58 891.25

10.11 Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

π/2, π/2, π/2

10.12 Lattice C/A Ratio

1.58NA

1.567 1.886

11 Mechanical

11.1 Density

11.1.1 Density At Room Temperature

22.59 g/cm³7.21 g/cm³

0.534 40.7

11.1.3 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

20.00 g/cm35.95 g/cm3

0.512 20

11.3 Tensile Strength

1,000.00 MPaNA

2.5 11000

11.5 Viscosity

NANA

0.001526 0.001526

11.7 Vapor Pressure

11.7.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

NA0.00 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

12.1.1 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

0.00 (Pa)NA

2.62E-10 774

12.5 Elasticity properties

12.5.1 Shear Modulus

222.00 GPaNA

1.3 222

12.5.2 Bulk Modulus

462.00 GPa120.00 GPa

1.6 462

12.5.4 Young's Modulus

NA198.00 GPa

1.7 528

12.6 Poisson Ratio

0.25NA

0.032 0.47

12.8 Other Mechanical Properties

Ductile

13 Magnetic

13.1 Magnetic Characteristics

13.1.1 Specific Gravity

22.577.21

0.53 4500

13.1.3 Magnetic Ordering

Paramagnetic

13.1.4 Permeability

NANA

1.25643E-06 0.0063

13.1.6 Susceptibility

NANA

-0.000166 200000

13.3 Electrical Properties

13.3.1 Electrical Property

Conductor

13.3.2 Resistivity

81.20 nΩ·m1.44 nΩ·m

0.18 961

13.4.1 Electrical Conductivity

0.11 10⁶/cm Ω0.01 10⁶/cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

13.7.1 Electron Affinity

106.10 kJ/mol0.00 kJ/mol

0 222.8

15 Thermal

15.1 Specific Heat

0.13 J/(kg K)0.48 J/(kg K)

0.11 3.6

15.3 Molar Heat Capacity

24.70 J/mol·K26.32 J/mol·K

16.443 62.7

15.6 Thermal Conductivity

87.60 W/m·K7.81 W/m·K

6.3 429

15.8 Critical Temperature

NANA

26.3 3223

15.9 Thermal Expansion

5.10 µm/(m·K)21.70 µm/(m·K)

4.5 97

15.10 Enthalpy

15.10.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization

627.60 kJ/mol219.70 kJ/mol

7.32 799.1

16.1.2 Enthalpy of Fusion

29.30 kJ/mol14.64 kJ/mol

2.1 35.23

16.1.5 Enthalpy of Atomization

669.00 kJ/mol280.30 kJ/mol

61.5 837

16.3 Standard Molar Entropy

32.60 J/mol.K32.00 J/mol.K

9.5 198.1

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